THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. THURSDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1936
MANUFACTURE OF ARMS
PRIVATE
APPROVED FOR UNITED
STATE MONOPOLY IS
NOT PRACTICABLE
-Royal Commission.
The Royal Commission on INFLUENCE ON PEACE
the Private Manufacture of
and Trading in Arma, in a un-'
animous report, issued recent-
AND WAR
LESSONS OF HISTORY
the
ly, declare that no sufficient The Commission considered case has been made out for problem of State, monopoly in the the abolition of the private | United Kingdom from the following manufacture of arms.
aspects;
The main conclusions and re- commendations re:
The most. effective available means of removing.or minimis- ing the objections to the private manufacture of and trade in arms would be the limitation of International agreement.
The establishment of universal! system of State monopoly of i the ninnufacture of arma Is likely to be impracticable, and in present conditions the pro- motions of general State mont- poly should not be a part of the policy of this country.
The abolition of the private infus- try in the United Kingdom and the substitution for it of a sys- tem of State menopaly may ha practicable; but it is under-
+.
(a), Upon the moral and human-
itarian considerations put for ward support of a State monopoly: (b) Upon the weight to be attached to the suggestion that the exis tener of a private trade in arms has a real influence upon Issues of peace and war:
(e) Upon the relative practical advantages, and disadvantages inherent izi system of State monopoly of the manufacture of and Trade in arms, (d) Upon
the importance to be altached to the continuance of the private Industry from the point of view of Inperin defence! and upon the relative Import- ance to be attached to these con- siderations.
The
་
able. No sußelent case has, in
view is expressed that the nur opinion, been made out for morph and humanitarian considera- Lakhg so drastie a step. Wetons advanced to not atferd suf- belleve that the reasons for frient ground for abolishing the maintaining the private, Indus-private industry in this country. try outweigh those, for Its abell-but," the report records, "we think Hon. We are of opinion that it is the duty of the Government, on the necessities of Imperial d. general grounds, to subject the In- fence ennnot be effectively met dustry to such measures of pubile in existing conditions, except by regulation and control an would the maintenance In peace-Uime
meentablish clearly that its conduct is of A system of collaboration be- n matters of Government responsi- tween the Government and the billfy." . private industry of the country in the supply of arms and mund-
tions.
Hegguring the influence of private Industry
upon peace and war the Commission state: "The effect of the | rampetition In armaments - which preceded the Great War can be traced in the recurtis whielt are now available.
KINGDOM
Near the Japanese town of Takasaki this enormous statue, represent ing the Goddess of Mercy, has been erected. The size of this colossus iney be gauged by the size of the three men sented in the hand of the goddess.
RADIO BROADCAST
Studio Talk Given By Father Byrne
Z.E.K. PROGRAMME
Radio Programme Broadcast by Z.B.W. on a Wavelength of 355 metres (845 k.c's), 31.40 metres (3.52 megacycles).
12.30 p.m. Glibert and Sullivan Memories.
1 pan. Time and Weather, 1.53 p.m. Cinema Organ Music. 1.20 pan. Three Songs by Lesite Hutchinson.
1,30 p.m. Reuter Press, Rugby Press.
- Weather, Time and An- nouncements.
1.40 p.m. Prima Scala's Accordeon Band.
2 p.m. Violin Recital by Fritz.
Kreisler.
2.15 p.m.
5 p.m.
Close Down.
A Belay of Dance Music
from the Roof-Garden of the Hong-
kong. Hotel.
Gigli
6 p.m. From the Studio,
À Children's Concert. 6,30 p.m. Beniamino (Tenor) with the London Thentro Orchestra.
Tenor Solos-I still seem to hear Ulzet), from "1 Pesentori di Perle"; charming hour (Massenet), from Manon": Orchestra-Selection-The Land of Smiles," (Lchar); Tenor Solos-Suy you wijl not forget. (Furno); Lullaby (Senatra, Schubert and Mellchar); Orchestra-Selection
Country Girl." (Moncklon). 7 p.m
p.m. From the Studio.
A talk on "The Canosslan 'Annual Bazaar" by the Rev. Father G. Byrne, 7.15 p.. La Valse (Ravel) played by L'Orchestre du Còn- servatoire. Parks,
7.30 p.m. Closing Local Stock Quotations and Hongkong Exchange Market Report,
de Ballet
7.40 p.m. Carroll Gibbons and Hls Boy Friends.
Stars
7.35 p.m. Ortets, bers of the Cominission that both own manufacturing establishments Valso Bluctle-Air MUNITIONS MINISTER
the Arm concerned and the Brm should be fully equipped for the (Drigo); Andante Cantabile (Tschat-
the production representing its Interests in
En yoine measure of kowsky). We recommend that public officials
foreign country "connived at a bribe naval, military, and air armaments, (whether serving or retired)
being, offered by their joint agent, that they should specialise should not necept appointments
until such time as doubts arose as selenuifle resenjch, that they should- with
tars fell on Alabama; If you love armament Arms
to the ultimate except *** a different question arises
destination of the be responsible for the training of with the approval of the Minis-when it is asked whether their mans bribe. We couRider the action of technical experts, take the initiative You-nover-looked-so-beautiful:
me; A couple of April Fools; You; ter in charge of the Department ufacture-by private firms, as dis, both firms-in-this matter is deserv-in the production of design and In which they are serving ortinguished from
8 p.m. Time, Weather and An- improvement of machine tools, and their manufacture ing of censure. by Governments, aggravated, or in "The Mulliner incident is the
the formulation of mass production nouncements.
"From the Studio. 8.05 p.m. any large measure contributed to,
methods not only for their own We are of opinion that this coun-these evils. We And it difficult to only evidence that has been put be manufacturing requirements, but for
A Chinese Concert. try should continue to promote believe that the method of manu that armament firms disseminate vate industry of the country
for us to substantiate the charge the use and instruction of the pr
.11 p.m.
Close Down and encourage the adoption of facture can have had any large in false reports concerning the military time of emergency.
8.05-11 p.m. European for the international fluence on the result, so far at all and naval programmes measures
gramme from Z.E.K. on the events as the feading Powers were countries. regulation and control of mamineture of and trade inconcerned. arm. We belleve, that the pro-
have served.
BRIBERY CHARGES
POSITION OF ARMAMENT
FIRMS
One
of other
"No evidence has been laid before
country
↑
·
in
pro-.
a fre- "By this means the Government quency of 640 kilocycles.
8.05 pm. Harnabas von Geczy establishments would in cases ог
and His Orchestra, and Claire posals to this end recently sub- "The fears, suspicions. and jealus
emergency be rendy with the mitted to the League, of Nations pusles which led to the competition the charges that armanient fems in Jars of machine tools necessary for
which we regard as supporting specifications, gauges, and parties Criza (Mezzo-Soprano), by the Government of the in armaments needed no artifelal This
Orchestra-Poem (Fibich); Malega United States afford a basis on stimulus; Governments considered fluence public opinion through the They would provide standards by melt); Puszta
have sought to in- rapid expansion by private frins. (Rixner); Forget it and amle (Bch- which agreement
(Mihaly): Songs might be themselves under An imperative duty control of the Press.. renched,
not to fall behind in the race, and
which costs could be ebécked. Amoureux separes (Roche and Rous-
sel): The question for them was simply |-- "So far as, the charges of nefari-
(1) Chanson des Sirenes; (2) We recommend that the Govern whether they would prluer, more us and underground
"They would develop instruction Berceuse de la Sirene (Morox and activities on in mass production methods ment should assume, complete | speedily and effelendly
and Honegger); Orchestra-Free and Fasy the part of manufacturers in the would have by responsibility for the arms in method or by another.
trained. personnel
Gipsy Wine (Ritter); dustry in the United Kingdom.
-price-ruising-and-other-rings are in times of emergency. They would and Debussy: Sarabande (Chalupt and should organise and regu-
concerned, we do not consider that no longer have to rely entirely, as late the necessary collaboration
such charges have been established they do at
and Roussel): Orchestra-Fresh between the Government
and
present, upon private Breezes (Borchert); In merry mood upon the evidence before us." private industry; that this res
armament Arms for any types
(Haringer); Hindu Song (Římsky- While the Commission do not ch- weapons, and would be fully equip- Korankov). 11 controlling body, As to the evils and objections to Jee to the employment by arina-pet for such production."
over by Minister which privite manufacture, is alleged ment firms or the giving of director-
Parliament, to be opes, to
the Commission hold ships by armament firms to Govern- having executive powers in that.
ment servants, during their service or so far as war-timearms
0 p.m. Lonilon-News and Ar- United Kingdom after retirement from pubile service. over all matters relating to the are concerned, the charges they cannot regard as satisfactory the opinion that measures ought to be nouncements,
9.20 p.m. Bouquet of Spanish Songs Imanufacture supply and
of were few and the evidence scanty. position under which armament taken lo restrict the profits of arma- arms and munitions, costing, and
firms are free to recruit ex-oliciais ment firms In pence-lime to. n scale by the Sevillian Serenaders.
9.30 p.m. "The belief on which these alles and ex-amcers of the Army, Navy of reasonable remuneration, the authorisation of orders from gations rest," it is stated, "has been and Air Force at their own discre
Evelyn Laye (So- prano), Albert Sandler (Violin) "But the "control of profits in and Frank Crumit (Humorous). encouraged by the actions of the lion, and they cannot ignore the
suspicions which arise from
peace-time is not enough," it is
Song-Near We further recommend that the firms themselves, and we think that practice, however ill-founded they dedobjection is much of Humorous-The King of Zulu; Violin
and yet Government's own manufactur-the responsible heads of arms and may be. ing establishments should be directors of public companies aced
the objection that is felt to the L'Heure Exquise; Songs-The Night fully equipped for the producto be reminded of the essential dif-
continuance of the private manu
military and air armaments of ment and ordinary
United Kingdom, in connection withį available for service as instructors Sengann. publices (Verlaine
peace-time and In
abroad.
`CONSCRIPTING INDUSTRY
The Commission
Y
express the
8.47 p.m. Scenes from 'Child- hood (R. Schumann) played by Yves Nat. (Pianoforte),
for:
tion in some ineasure of naval, terenge between the trade in arma- report
"We therefore recommend," the facture of arms is due to the dis- young: When I grow too old to
all types.
50.
business.
.
DAVENTRY PROGRAMMES
dream; Humorous--Get away. old In officers, satisfaction of public opinion continues, "that commercial whether serving or retired, should contemplating the profits of manu-man, get away; Violin-Song of not enter the service of armament facturers in the event of a major Paradise; Always; Humorous-Whoa,
Josephine. We recommend that measures be The frivolous and cynical lingu-specific approval of the Minister in
Arms in any capacity without the war.
10. taken to restrict the profits of age which some of them have used charge of the Department..
London-Big Ben. p.m. "We believe that if it were known
Dance Music armament firms in peace-time to in their speeches at shareholders'
11 p.m. Close Down. that in the event of this country n reasonable scale of remunera-meetings, and which has also bech tion, designed not only to pre-disclosed
"We make this recommendation, being involved in a major war, in £11 the correspondence not because we think the practice dustry generally would be con- vent excessive profits, but satisfy the public that they do mittee, huis given great and legitim-abused, but in order that any public country would be required at once:
to examined by the American Com-ls objectionable or is likely to be scripted, and that everyone in the
ate offence to immense numbers of anxiety with regard
con- to put himself at the service of the We are of opinion that the pro-persons, and is largely responsible nuance may, as far as possible, State, a considerable part of the blems involved in formulating for the Importance Kiven to thebe ollayed. We believe that there objection to the private manufac- plans for the conscription of scandals site of the question in the is, in fact, very little possibility of ture of arms would disappear. industry in war-time will have public mind,
abuse arising from this practice to be faced, and should De
"We recojinise that grent under existing conditions, and there! faced without delay.
"We believe that importance to will be even less if our recommenda ficulties are likely to be met in any be greatly exaggerated, but In
stions regarding the control of private attempt to formulate plans for the far as it is supposed that armament manufacture, and the limitation of conscriptions of Industry in time of Arms are unaware of, or blind to, profits are adopted." We are of opinion that the ad the special dangers and liabilities
ministration
STRICTER LICENSING
to its
licensing exports of arms should themselves are largely responsible
of the system of of the trade they are pursuing, they GOVERNMENT CONTROL be governed by an outlook for it." different from, and more positive
пон
MUNITIONS. MINISTER AND HIS DUTIES
it character
Taking the list of the alleged than, that which prevalls; that licences evils in their order, the Commission should be granted only to such add: "We are not persuaded
ilcences' should be
The following wars-fength and frequencies are burved he Naveairy,
Him
499
Fr
Wavelength 3,500 k.. 43.89 mete 1.619k.c. 31.65
WHA
G&B
Cen
11.759 k..
GSE
[3,865 ...
dif..
16,148 kr.
090
GRIL
GAL
GSL
the
war, but we are impelled to bellef that these difficulties will have
MULLINER INCIDENT
to be faced, and we recommend that they should be faced at the earliest possible moment, so that there may be no misunderstanding as to the Government's polley towards Indus- The body which the Commission try in the event of war, which should DR propose for the regulation and con- be that no one should be allowed Arms as, shall have been speci- the evidence given before us that trol of private industry should, It is make a prost out of war, and that feally authorised to accept or-British armament firms are guilty stated, have executive and not mere- a war in which this country is in- ders for export by
of having been active in fomentingly advisory powers over supply, volved calls for an all-round seri- controlling body already recom-war scares, or of persuading this manufacture, costing.
and thefice and not for an opportunity for? mended; that the grant, and to increase its armaments.
country to adopt warlike policies authorisation of orders from abroad. profit-making." restricted to
It should be presided over by a orders by foreign Governments "We do not believe the armament
Minister responsible to Parliament. which shall stote that the goods Arms attempt the bribery of Govern. Its main duties would be the conferred to in the report is traced by The Mulliner Incident of 1908 re- will not be re-exported.
ment offelals in this country. We recommend that the practier bribery abroad, we have not sought, questions of supply
As to alderation and the decision of all of issuing open general lleences nor, in fact, were we in a portion ture
and manufac- the Commission in an appendix. for the export of certain classes to seek, evidence as to the extent in full detall of the regulations and episode, It is pointed out, was to peace-time, the preparation The Commission's interest in the of arms, &c., be discontinued; to which it is resorted to, that specifie· lleendës, be re-
plans for emergency expansion by quired in all cases; and, in par-
The one incident that has been co-operation between the Govern determine so far as possible whether 1 afforded evidence of an attempt ticular, that a rigid control be cited to us in evidence as illustrnt-
ment establishments and private by an armament firm to simulate exercised over all exports of ing that armament firms indulge in Industry, the encouragement and aircraft. whether classided
tion of false reports. na bribery to secure orders abroad is development of scientific research, armament orders by the dissemina- military or civil.
that of the Japanese scandal of costing, and the control of prices, We recommend the complete.ces 1014..
and the inspection and the author isation of all orders received from sation of the private export
"This bribe was offered by a sub- abroad by armament firmas. trade In surplus and second- hand arms and munitions
official without authority
wor.
+
of ordinate
Reviewing the Admiralty posi- "Mr. tion the Commission state: Mulliner appears to have had 020 influence on their declalon, except as one contributor, among many to
and was not actually paid, but there We recommend further, state the is no doubt in the minds of mem-Commission, "that the Government's their sources of information."
1
matros
metres
24.62 metres 25.28 tres 19.03 metres mitres 17.37 metres 19.24 mele 19.66
metres
17.780 k.. 15.04 21,410 k.,
15.240 k..
21.940 km. '
- 4.110 'k.c. 49.10 matter
Transmission 1
(0.8.B., 0.8.0.)
Ben. Quentin Maclean, at the Origin of the Trocader Cinema, Elephant and Castle, Londati
4.25 p.m. Cinoda Halbert And Debbie Cembar In Birger Boulton,” by
4.40
0.3.
5 Dime
1. E. Kavanagh Exploit Ne, di
"Least, but not Lat
Tommy Tunes Tran'),
Food for Thright."
8.10 p.m. A Rectal by Keith, Cummingm
{Amtralian Visla Player). 1.10 p.m. The News and Aunouncementu.
Greenwich, Two Bignal ́at $45 pan. Transmission 2
(GB.F. Q6.3.)
7 D.MM. File Ben. "The ferraz Bladen)." A p. A Cinema, Organ Roeila), 1.35.p.m. *Food for Thought,"
“K4K yum. The D.D.G. Bingers (Bection B.)
→ pake The News and Announcements,
"Gronwich Towe Bignal at 9.15 p.m. - 1.19 p. "oft Lights and Sweet Muele," 9,40 p. Envol.
Transmission 2 (0.0.3, 0.8.P., - Q.5.K.)
It pas. Big Ben, The B.B.C. Danté. Or.
chestra, 10.30 p.m. The 8.3.C. Boyley Orchestra.. 11.40 p.m.___!Under Bir Blès,.... A talk... by......
Howard MarkMAIL.
11.48 Jima. Tha· Contral Dend of JL
• Mašioty's Royal Air, Paren ∙11.30 LĪM› ŊThe Hawn und Azmoenarnoints.
Greenwich Tima Bigas) à ISAF MOULA ELIS, KAI Visiin, Belas by Albert · Dame
Mackintosh's
OF GREEN HATS
NEW STOCK
Made of soft fur felt with narrow band and brim. Can be adapted to any shape
Including the popular "Pork
Ple
$1850
Less 10% cash-discount, other qualities-from $14.50.
MEN'S, WEAR SPECIALISTS
ARTS & CRAFTS
are at your service to prepare designs and--estimates on any question of
INTERIOR
DECORATIONS or
FURNISHING
RENOVATIONS.
SHOWROOMS & FACTORY
734 King's Road.
Tel, 24173.
Experts in all Branches of Decorative Art
3 DAYS EXHIBITION
OLD and NEW PRINTS KIMONOS and· OBIS CULTURE PEARLS
BY
MR. T. OKAMOTO
FROM TO:DAY
OPEN from 9 a.m, to 7 p.m.
1st
FLOOR
GLOUCESTER BUILDING
| TYPEWRITING AND COPYING
OFFICE
Gestetner
Mr. & Mrs. Y. Mori MASSAGE
Ampuneture, Moxsentials and Bone Battina. Hade of...Japaome, and. Hongkong GovERÁ ment Klowns, Cares praland Ankle, und Wrala. Nacommended for · many": porn by -Loosi Hospitals and Dooton, G.
Wyndham Street, (1ri floor);
*TEL 16051,5