THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER
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ETE LOTION
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GIVE THE KIDDIES
A CHANCE
TO LEARN THE PIANO.
3, 1930.
VAUXHALL
MOTOR CARS
1937 MODELS
Arriving on
""
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FULL PARTICULARS
ON APPLICATION,
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Hongkong Hotel Garage
Stubbs Rd.
Phone 27778/9.
All over the world people are talking of the momentous American Presidential Election which takes place to-day. How exactly does this huge nation go to the polls? What strategy is involved? Geoffrey Crowther explains it in this article. The map, too, is informative- U.S.A. is here divided into traditionally Republican-Landon. land (small area on right), and traditionally Democratic Roosevelt land (larger area). Shaded areas: light shading, uncertain;
Numbers: electoral votes each State. possesses. heavy shading, almost certain defections,
COLORADO
SERPAIKA
PENNSYLVANIA
36
NORTH CAROLI
SOUTH
CAROLINA
S.
66
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The
Hongkong Telegraph.
TODAY, Nov. 3, 1936.
STREET SLEEPERS
Appropriately. on the near approach of winter, the Street Sleepers Shelter Society has issued its annual report, which tells a story revealing the value of humanitarian work done amongst those who have 110 better place than the pavements
on which to lay their hends at
HOW
T
HE American Presi- dential election is in its last phase. Both the large par-
course, his party's candidate "to succeed himself," as the Americans say. The other large party, the Republicans, nominated Mr. Alf Landon.
THEY
ELECT
A
PRESIDENT
Extra voles there cannot be off. set against shortages in other States. The excitement is con- centrated on the doubtful States.
That is why it was so neces- majority sary for the Republicans to College. choose as their candidate some- body from the West in the hope of winning away some of these Roosevelt States. They have probably succeeded in capturing some of them by nominating the Governor of Kansas. On the basis of the latest "straw votes," three of these Western States
of
the Electoral
States of the East and the Most of the great industrial Middle West are hovering on the brink. The five important. ones are New York, Pennsyl-
Illinois, If any two of these matter by how small a majority. States vote for Roosevelt, no he will be elected. The biggest
vania, Ohio, Michigan, and
This year's stategy is shown on the map. The United States can be divided into two separate political countries. One of them, much, the largest in area, but containing only about half the
are lost to Roosevelt and four population, is natural Roosevelt
more are doubtful. The "lost" It consists of the States are shown on the map by territory. Southern States which lost in dark shading, the "doubtful" mocratic ever since, and of the tween-them-the-seven-States--York, is sufficient by itself to Civil War and have voted De States by light shading. Be States west of the Mississippi. have 61 votes. The other country, the smaller by area, is natural Republican, or Landon, territory.
Roosevelt's task, then, is this: for every vote in the Electoral College that he loses west of the Mississippi he must win one in the Landon territory. Now look at the smaller map and see his chances of pulling it off.
These two countries have about equal votes. If Roosevelt carried all the Roosevelt terri- tory, he would get 272 votes in the Electoral College (that is, the 531 delegates of the States), One of these Landon States, and if Landon carried all the Landon territory he would get 259 votes. Roosevelt would be elected by a narrow margin,
night. It is shown that during ties held their Conventions longer worries about that State. kist winter the three shelters in June — those strange, maintained by the Society had mad, week-long jamborees over 51,000 registrations, the in which the candidates are number of men using the facill-chosen. Mr. Roosevelt is, of ties provided being more than 670. Not only have these poorest of the poor been provided with a roof over their heads during the cold winter nights, but many of them have been given medical
Most Englishmen would, 1 treatment, over 250 cases being suppose, imagine
that Mr. sent to hospital, apart from the Roosevelt will have an easy vic harge number who were supplied |tory. But that is not so, and with dressings, etc., at the he is going to have a hard fight. shelters. Another indication of Why it is not so is another-and the value of the Society's work is a very lengthy-story, but with- to be found in the successful treat out beginning on that story, it ment of opium addicts, whilst in may be said that all the indica- tions point to to-day's elections yet a further branch of its acti-
being the closest in twenty vities the Society has been the
years. means of securing work for some of the inmates and in getting strangers into touch with the right
Most Englishmen also imagine people for the purposes of re-that the people of the United patriation. When the Society States elect the President. They first began its work three years do not. The 48 States elect the ago, an old bogey was raised in President. The people yote, in some quarters by the suggestion each of the 48 States, for dele- that the
care of street sleepers gates to cast the States' votes. would allract large numbers of The States have votes roughly in proportion to their population, people from outside the Colony ranging from New York's 47 RATHER an uncommon trade, the The same argument has been votes down to the three votes Kttle known outside the industry. raised in connection with the each of the six smallest States. charitable work of other organisa-But the whole of a State's vote tions, but in actual experience it is cast for the candidate who has been shown that the fear is gets the largest vote inside that wholly unfounded. A moment's State. Thus if Mr. Roosevelt thought will show that, even if we gets a majority of only 100 over exclude the work which existing Mr. Landon in New York, the whole of New York's 47 votes organisations perform, there are
will go to Mr. Roosevelt. still thousands of the Colony's own poor for whom nothing whatever
The strategy of an American election thus turns entirely on is done. In the absence of a system of poor law relief, such the States. If a party is sure organised aid as is given to the of a majority in one State, it no
poor and needy is the result of the
Shelter
Maryland with 8 votes, 1s already safely in his column. But that leaves him with 37. votes still to get for a bare
How Your Fountain Pen Is Made
Nart of fountain-pen making is
Proof is given by the surprise of visitors when shown through the factory I work in at the simply
enormous amount of intricate pro- cesta involved, and the minute care and skill necessary before the finished product, glistening and beautiful, in ready for the showcase.
The pena vary in character from year to year. Cortainly we have steady lines, but new materials and new methods are constantly being experimented with. Lately colours and novelty have been the vogue, probably to catch the feminino eye. Some of our Intest models are really superb, and represent a very great advance on the rather "dowdy" pen of yesterday.
ما
my
Transparent pens, showing the ink capacity, have leapt favour. Xylonite, the material used, is entire- by different from the vet ned from. A new technique had to ba older form of pens are fashioned
evolved for dealing with it, and were our trials before it was
many
efforts of voluntary societies state of poverty in which the mass created for the purpose. In this of the people live. In that work, respect, Hongkong has a record of the Street Sleepers' which it can well feel proud. Society plays a prominent and ed. At the moment a few of the most These organisations ndmit that beneficent part, and those volun- found, after months of office usage,
dazzling and lovely cal
colours have been they are touching only the fringe teers who give of their time and to be unsatisfactory, shrinkage or of a huge problen, but, none the energy on behalf of others, to before long these initial difficulties expansion being the trouble; but less, the work that they do is of whom life is a drab and dreary will doubtless be overcome. real social value, and, but for it, existence, have the consciousness there would be much more suffer- that their labours are appreciated fing and distress arising from the 'by those who benefit therefrom.
them casually that all our pens are correct to size to a thousandth part of an inch. Yet it In the ensu Naturally, eye_measurement is hope-
People are amazed when wo toll
Jess in a case like this, and therefore, In our examination room the walla aro hung with hundreds of steel gauges, while Ingenius mechanical "clocks" are also greatly employed.
Ench new model of pen, propelling pencil, or style means a fresh batch
of gauges.
of these Eastern Sintes, New
give Roosevelt his majority. even if Landon succeeds in winning all the doubtful Western States.
That is why the President, has trained all his guns on New York. A majority of only one vote over Landon in New York will be more precious than a majority of hundreds of thousands In California Texas. If Roosevelt wing in New York, he is elected. If he loses in New York, he still has a chance. But if Landon cannot carry New York, he has failed.
or
There is one Democrat who is more popular in New York even
than Mr. Roosevelt. He is the
present Governor of the State. Mr. Herbert Lehman. In. 1932 New York gave Mr. Roosevelt 2,536.000 votes for President; but it gave Mr. Lehman 2,600,- 000 votes for Governor.
Girls sit all day here doing nothing but checking endlessly the thousanda of small finished parts which pour Some months ago Mr. Lehman constantly from the machine shop, declared that he would not stand What a stew there is when
a fault
for re-election is detected!
this autum. Now and again we get unusual jobs. This was a shock for the Presi Onco wo made pons with brush points dent. There are thousands of They people in New York who would instead of fitting gold nibs. were destined for Japan. At another not bother to go to the polls to tinto our gold shop was greatly invote for Roosevelt. But if trigued by an order for a special nib
The
Ing the gold nibs,
for an Eastern potentate, It measur-Lehman is standing they will ed a quarter of an inch wide at turn out to vote, and once inside the point.
the polling booth, they will vote The latter department always for Roosevelt rather than for arouses the interest of the visitor. Landon. That at least was the overalls, and sit before furiously calculation of the Democratic
workers, chiefly girls, wear white spinning "bulls," grinding and polish strategists. Enormous pressure was consequently put on Mr. Strange to say, all the profit made Lehman to reconsider his de- here is picked up off the floor. Using cision and at fengu no vieled
the precious metal. a powerful vacuum, a man goes over and consented to stand once its zine surface each day collecting
ing amounts to thousands of
sounds annually. Even the wet splash of mixed water, emory paste, and gold Just on the wall behind a may value over. twenty shil Machine States in the next four years,
When next you lift your pen, spare a thought for those by whose brain- work and trained skill you have obtained such a wonderful instrument.
more.
By that action he may have decided the history of the United
In any case, the tip for the ob- server who wants to know what will happen to-day is "Watch New York.”