THE HONGKONG Telegraph!, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1936.
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TUESDAY, SEPT. 15, 1936,
TWO LAW-ABIDING NATIONS
Those who believe in the ultim- ate triumph of the League of Nations kleal, although that ideal and is to lay challenged threatened by dictatorships, will take heart from the fact that the majority of nations are still and law-abiding. peace-loving
Thus a steady stream of cases flows to the Permanent Court of International Justice at
The
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concerns a
Court since it was set up by the League of Nations. The latest quarrel between Holland and Belgium with regard to the Albert Canal, un important Belgian waterway which curves near the Dutch frontier. Every boy and girl at school realises the importance of the canals of the Netherlands. Any factor which governs the economic life of na-;
a serlous Chater Road,tions is potentially
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OURS is the
POPULAR
HERE is to-day much talk of the need for the formation of a "Popular Front," by which is meant some kind of union be- tween all "Left" forces. There is also a very vigorous propa- ganda for the affliation of the Communist Party to the Labour Party so as to form a "United Front."
For this there are several reasons.
The achievements in France and Spain have struck the pubile imagination. Then the steady deterioration in foreign affairs has brought home to many the danger of another world war and the need for all men and women of good will to unite to prevent this entas- trophe, And there is a realisation of the fate which has overtaken other democratic movements be- cause of their lack of unity.
In considering this question we should beware of too readily draw- ing faelle analogies from what has happened elsewhere in conditions very different from those that oh- Lain here, and of assuming 100 close a correspondence between parties of the same name in differ- ent countries. There is no settled pattern in politics adaptable to all nations.
IN
N France there has been for years a situation where no one Party could get a solld majority. Ministries are formed by alliances. between numerous groups and sel- dom last long. There is a strong Communist party and a dangerous Fascist movement.
The backbone of the country is the peasantry, whose politicni allegiance is still largely to a num- ber of political groups which Intervene between the "Left" and the "Right." There has always been considerable fuldity in party affiliations.
, The electoral system of the second ballot favours at once the formation of groups and their coalescence Into temporary nlll- ances for mutual support. No one of these conditions is present here, except the existence of a Liberal- Ism which, divided into groups. oscillates untensily between Labour and Conservatism,
W
E always return to a Two-Party system. Communism is very weak. Fascism is a foreign import which is not attractive to the genius of the British people.
The Labour Party, by its strength In the country and in Parliament; is in a position to challenge re- action and to demand the confl- dence of the country. Our system of election and the democratic
To-day's Thought PEACE is liberty in tran-
quility.
-CICERO.
FRONT
says the Right Hon.
C. R. ATTLEE
(Leader of the Labour Partyj
structure of the Labour Party are Inimical to the formation of electoral llances.
But while rejecting analogies from other countries, it would. be a mistake to ignore the pubile opinion which is at- tracted by the idea of unity on the "Left." Proposals with that end in view should be con- sidered on their merits without overstressing the past or over insistence on a rigid · ortho- боку.
There are possible situations in which it might be right and expedient for the Labour Party to join forces for the time being with those outside its ranks in order to prevent some great evil. An imuninent threat of war or the danger of an overthrow of demo-. cratic Institutions are obvious Instances.
SUCH
UCH action would have
to be taken with great circumspec- lon lest In striving to preserve what we prize we actually lost It. It is a risky business to try to drive out Satan by the USC of Beelzebub.
The demand for a popular front often, amounts to no more than a request that the Labour Party should put Bocialism into cold storage and adopt a Liberal plat- form. Such a desire is quite natural in Liberals.
A more inteligent suggestion is that there should be an ogree- ment on some kind of four or five years programme which, while directed towards Socialism, would secure the support of пол- Socialists and a union of forces to achieve this objective.
It is right and necessary that we should make clearer than before our list of priorities, so that people may ace clearly the steps which we intend to take, but this programme must be one of "first things ftrat."
It must be designed to lay the foundations of a Socialist society. It must not be a watering down of
"I cannot separate Socialism and Peace. I cannot agree to form,
a Popular Front on Peace without Socialism."
our programme in order to win adherents.
Government is not a matter of major measures only. A Bocialist Administration must inform its whole work with the Socialist spirit.. It must therefore be able to rely on steady support from day to day.
in
This requires a high degree of cohesion
Its ranks.
The nilles on presence of doubtful
mean the flanks, may eaaliy dilsaster.
A united front with the Com- munists offers similar dificulties, Setting aside the fact that it would not bring any appreciable numbers to the aid of Labour, it is clear that any demand for seats would have to be met from Labour's total, for there is no body of Communist voters whose support would, as it did in France, nflect the issue in doubtful constituencies. Com- munist ald, where not actually harmful, has only the negative value of removing a source of irri- tation.
OF
F far greater import- ance, however, is the status of the The Communist Party itself. Labour Party is based on de- mocracy, on the free union of self- governing organizations.
The Communist Party, on the other hand, owes allegiance to the Third International, which is, in
source of friction. It will not do for us to dismiss a canal in Bel- gium as a trivial cause of dis- turbance. We can conceive of war being fought about the Suez Canal or the Panama Canal. The case of the Albert Canal is not strictly parallel, but there can be no doubt that it is arousing anxious feelings between Holland and Belgium. The present situa- tion is that the Belgians have been undertaking certain works on the Albert Canal. The Dutch
LOVE OF DANGER feel that their interests are being
In every generation the spirit of adversely affected and that, moreover, the Belgian attitude is mighty wave of patriotism which young man of to-day, has no first youth has been symbolised in a love In modern times contrary to the terms of a 73-swept the country they joined up in hand knowledge of war and must of adventure and donger, and such this spirit expresses itself a quest year-old treaty between the two thousands. If they were too young glean his information from the books is the case to-day.
they lied unblushingly, and if reject of those who have. Most of such for greater and greater speed on land countries. It is obvious that, in some parts of Europe, such ned in one place because of health books have been written by those and in uir. Fire the youth of to-day
impairment they tried somewhere who canje back sick and disillusion-with me he whole thing, in fact, was ed, and were written as a kind of and he is prepared to show that he
anti-war propoganda. regarded as the great adventure of their lives, and they enjoyed to the full the role of public heroes.
I WOULD WELCOME WAR.
By A Young Man of Twenty-One®
nt
PROM what I can gather, the young | NOT DISILLUSIONED
I have already observed that the
men of 1014 hailed the outbreak In the of war with enthusiasm.
In my own case, however, and I have read scores, I must confess that
11
conviction of a rightful-cause
is no less deficient in courage on the Intllefield.
the
And coupled with the spirit of romance and adventure there feeling of unrest which has always been characteristle of youth, and
is a
clash of opinion would be fraught with grave danger to inter- national peace. Fortunately both Holland and Belgium have signed the "optional clause", by which We know that many came back they have falled in their object
perhaps never 50 much as to-day, they and forty other nations have from the war crippled or blinded for Between the lines of even the most pages I can capture mutually agreed in advance to Hfe, many more unharmed but dis- sordid
romantic, sense of the
In my own ense, for example, I submit all suitable cases to the Illusioned, and that thousands never World Court for settlement.
came back at all. And In spite of all and I find it easy to engulf¦ find it hard to resign myself to an day. Working in an insurance office month, During last
Holland this, and in spite of all that the dis- the feeling of horror which the des-other 50 years of the life I live to a soul-destroying business, and in Illusioned have subsequently said criptions attempt to convey, in a opened proceedings
a rut from which The and written, I am convinced that stronger feeling that all the risk and my blacker moments it seems that Hague. There seems no reason there are to-day thousands of young discomfort as being suffered in a have got into to doubt that, after the evidence men who would welcome another desperate defence of everything this nothing short of a miracle or a war country among us can hardly deny can ever get me out, and I am pre- pated, and I Imagine there are on both aldea has been heard by war.
that these are sentiments to be thousands with me, to take the For while every- In considering the reasons for this encouraged. the judges on the bench in the
thing will be chootle, but when the Peace Palace, the verdict of the attitude we must remember first that
To my mind, the mistake which war is over a new scheme of things 'Court will be freely accepted by the young man of 21 was born in the two parties. Disputes of the middle of the last war and knows most of these books make is to lay will emerge which will surely hold this character are, of course, nothing at first hand of all its most of the stress on the horror of something better for me personally.
life in the trenches. In reading of
It is futile to argue that a week in eminently suitable for submission.horrors.
such things, the young man feels the trenches would alter my views or to the Permanent Court. The
For other reasons we must try to proud of the previous generation, but that the next war will be on such a pity is that matters of even analyse the youthful mind. Thip I his pride is not unmixed with scale that nothing at all will emerge. graver concern are not more have tried to do in my own and other fealousy that he should be denied a With youth these arguments will generally disposed of in this
cases, and have come to the con-similar opportunity to prove bla never count.
I agree that this is rank solfishness, manner. Wider generál ac-
clusion that youth is essentially worth. When in this fume of mind ceptance of arbitration when dla
romantic, adventurous, and unrestful, it cuts no ice to point out to him that but I make no apology, because youth his life at the front will be miserable has ever been selfish, and the fact putes occur which might possibly
and though there is nothing new in and dangerous. Indeed, you are remains that in my presont attitude lead to war would be a great step any of these discoveries, 3. think they merely challenging him to prove his and with my present outlook on life, forward in the preservation "of
go far to explain the attitude of worth, and he will jump at the first I would welcome war.-
chance to do it. the peace of the world.
youth to wat.
·
· chance of a war.
a
A.C.'S.
fact, the creature of another Gov- ernment. It obeys an external. authority.
The Communist cannot unilo with the Labour Party and accept the conditions of membership. He has another loyalty. He may al any time receive orders that com- 'pel him to biezs that which he has
curse been cursing, and which he has been blessing. part of a united front, therefore, his loyalty is uncertain, depending not on his judgment, but on orders from abroad.
tlut As
He claims, too, the right to be- long to the Labour Movement, whlie at the same time being fres to advocate methods and policies allen to it. The result can only be to confuse the neople.
I
HOLD that in the pre- sent state of the world it ‘* cozen- that that there should be close concert between the social domo- cracies of Europe, Britain, France, the Scandinavian and other States on the one hand, and Soviet Russia on the other.
This co-operation for Boclallam and Peace must rest on a frank recognition of the right of Bo- cialists 'in cach country to adopt the methods that seem best to them.
We should not interfere with, Soviet Russia's Internal organisa- tion or in France's Popular Front. They know their own business best, the But also we must claim same right to manage: our own affairs.
The existence in this country of a body which, drawing support and owing allegiance to another coun- try. forms a focus of disruption by the advocacy of methods unsull- able to our people, weakens inter- national co-operation.
In my view, the Labour Party offers a policy which deserves the support ofali Socialista and of all those who desire peace.
I cannot separate Socialism and. Peace. I cannot agree to form a Popular Front on Peace without Socialism.
I bellove in democracy. I am unwilling for the sake of a nominal unity to sneriiico democracy. The choice before the people of this country lies between continuing their. adherence to an outworn economic system which expresses itself in foreign politics in im- perialism and, therefore, ultim- ately in war, and in accepting frankly the need for Boclalisin on British lines.
AND
ND Socialism must be achieved by methods according with the tradition of this country, expressing itself in foreign polley In the deliberate attempt to build up a world co-operative common- wealth based on freedom and social justice.
The Labour Movement is tho popular front. We ask all men and women of good will to unite them- selves to it.
Wags' Corner
Dai and Bill, unemployed Welsh minom, decided to tromp the country in search of jobs. They were passing through a small town when Bill drew Daf's attention to a notice outside the "church" Sale of Work."
Well" Bald. Dal, it sorms.we can' go back home. They-make-you buy, the atud up here."