THE HONGKONG
TELEGRAPH. THURSDAY, AUGUST 20, 1936.
BOOKS OF THE WEEK Edited by Roger Pippett
Samson At
A
The Mill
-N author is often be- trayed by the tities of his books. For instance, no criticism of Aldous Huxley's long, new novel 'could. be more devastating than the three words with.which he has named it, Eyeless in · Gaza (Chatto and Windus, 10s. Od.).
جمه
ور
For Milton's pitiful picture of Banison, "oyeless in Gaza at the ntill with slaves," prepares us all too distreskitirly for what follows another blistering session on the Ituxleyian treadmill, while the overseer, like some Intellectual Simon Legree, whispers at us and lashes us on through the gloom...L According to the blurb, this is the story of a number of attempts to achlovú liberty." And, as I expected, they aro almost all doomed to frus traiion. That bitter man, Mark, goes out to Mexico on a wild revolutionary goose-chase, loses a leg and becomes bitterer than ever. Helen, the most sympathetic character in the book, nt inst discovers her true love in a young German refugee, only to lose him after A brutal Nazi coup,
Ant Anthony Benvis, the Hux Jeylan "hero"?" Amiable and nimiess, he slangers aloug, neēklentally causing n friend'a sutelde, taking his live where lends it (or where it is forced upon him, hesitating on the edge of action.
·soliloquising from time to line (now penetrating and now-platitudincus), to inoke a momentary escape from the treadmill in the end.
With a belatedly benevolent gesture. the author lesives him working for "positive paelfsm;" philosophising myalically on "unity with all being, กา práce in the depths. pence As a dark void beyond all personal life. peace beyond peace... open- Ing out into Л kind of boundless space.
An escape at Inst! But a loo vaguely
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defined one, for Mr. Huxley, who can still etch a character in acld, is, in these pages at any rate, ex- tremely difdent about causés and omusades, And, apart from his old obsession with personal liberty, I feel that he has not thought out the implications of Anthony's final attitude.
Still, though I found Eyeless in Gaza disappointing. It is unques- tlonably significant, symbolic, in its very confusion, of a host of reason- able, well-meaning, anxious people. of our day and generation. And it is to its author's credit that he has grown increasingly concerned with the state of the world and the folly of mankind.
But, in his later work, his sceptical, salytical habit has mastered him more and more. Ho has always been an extremely sensitive wrlier. Ho could be much more if he would only zease alicing als characters and his themes to shreds.
URNING at last fram those Spanish peasants who have occupied her recent storles, Marguerite Steen has found a fruitful field for her talent in Return of a Heroine (Gollancz, 7s. "Ģd.).
The heroine in question is Pheobe Jordan her return is from prison: and her heroiam lles in her having given poison to her beloved mother, who was dying painhilly of cancer. The family, naturally, are revolted by her action, She has diagraced and impoverished them. She was a spoilt child, anyway, and her arrival in, the home is calamity.
Fortunately for them, she gets a Job na companion to a rich and aristocratio elderly woman. Her main luggage when she departa is a bundle of sen-
AN EXAMPLE GROWN-UP ARTISTS MIGHT COPY. This child is explaining her latest masterpiece to her class- mates. From "Child Art and Frana Cizek," by Wilhelm Viola (published by the Austrian Junior Red Cross, 89. 6d. London agents: Simpkin Marshall).
sational newspaper cuttings concern- lag her trial. And we leave her living in luxury, waited on slavishly by her devoted mistress-companion and by everyone else around her.
Miss Bleen has not argued the case for or against euthanasia. As a novel- ht, her main interest is in the pay » chology of a human being who, quita eniraly and coldly, can assume the re- sponsibility of deciding that she bas the right to take nuother's life.
Obviously there is in Pheobe a core of strenguli-oven though it arises front a sympathetic weakness at seeing helpless and prolonged suffering- which will dominate the people near her. Not an outstanding personality, but a sort of parasite that clings and
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climbs and eventually strangles the host" to which she has attached hier- Belf 17
of
Pheobe is a repulsive creature, not because of her "crime
her "heroism"-call it what you will- but because of her own nature,
I was attracted by several of the minor characters in this tale-particu larly Pheobe's young sister, Penny, the ugly duckling who is going to be a swan, and Stephen, the taŝtor's cutter whom Pheobe will neither marry not let go,
Return of a Heroine, in short, is the most interesting and mature novel which Miss Steen has given us.
M
Yo Sergeant
OU remember The Case of
Grischa
which everyone WRS reading eight years ago? It was one of the unforgettable War novels, as moving, in its fashion, as All Quiet on the Western Front. Well, its author, Arnold Zweig, hos written another book, which is the gap between Young Woman of 1914 and The Case of Sergeant Gritcha. And, with grimi irony, he has called it Education. Before Verdun (Secker and Warburg, Ga. Od.).
Blower in pace and more diffuse, it tells the hideous story of those few months in 1010 when Verdun was the worst hell of all of the hells of the Great War.
Hundreds of thousands of French men and Germans wero last thero in the hail of millions of shells, Whole battalions were wiped out and bricked in where they lay.....
Herr Zweig Introduces na..of course. —. to other charactem, some of whom we met in the earlier books. There is Bertin, a marked man because he gave some French prisoners a drink of water. There is Kroysing, killed in an advanced trench to which he had been moved because he attempted to expose brother. arations racket. There And there is Niggi.
But, frst and last and all the time. the horror of Verdun fills the stage in this powerful. and relentless story. Everything and everyone else palca in- to significance, especially that too anything can educate the militarists, It is Education Before Verdun.
Telephone 28021. pretty, too romaniile nursing slater.
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APTAIN PHILIP MUM- FORD is one of a not inconsiderablo number
of soldiers, sallork and airmen who belleve that the organisation of an international air force is practic- ablo, and can alone save the world from destroying itself.
His most readable book, Humanity, Air Power and War (Jarrolda, 124 dd.), argues the case for such a force with clarity and sometimes with eloquetico.
Some will feel that there will have lo bo a stage of co-operation between national forces before an international force will be accepted by governments or peoples. But all will share the author's indignation and contempt that the ́great discovery of aviation has led man Hot to wider and brighter horizons, but to an horizon black with impending
disaster.
R. F..
The Two
Jan Smuts
O
Fall the men who had a. hand in the making of¦ the Versailles Treaty there were-so far as I
know-only three who both
RAJPUTAR
saw what Ills it boded for the P & O-BRITISH INDIA-APCAR AND
future and did something about
It.
J. M. Keynes, of the British Delegation, William C. Bullitt, of the United States Delegation, re- signed: Keynes quietly, Bullitt with vigorous public protest.
The third was Jan Chrislian Smuts, It is the Smuts of Paris and Ver. sailles and the years after that is the theme of the second volume of Saralı Gertrude Mill's General Smuts
Faber and Faber, 184.).
Emuta prolested: but he also signed. His signature is on the document of which he had written to Mr. Lloyd Ocorge that "this Treaty breathes a poisonous spirit of revenge which may yot scorch the fair faco-not of a corner of Europe, but of Europe.
"It will make a bad peace. It is not just and it cannot be durable...
Dual Personality
But in Paris in 1010, as. Before, as after, Jan Smuts was a dual perana- Alily. Eputs the destist and "sim¦ Jannie" walked and worked in the samo body, each acemingly uncon selous of the other's thoughts and actiona.
For "lim Jun" had played a big part in the drafting of the document And for which Smuts condemned, from working to make it less haralı to Germany, he had been all for stiffness and severity.
Leaving nsido for is irrelevant) his big share in the making of the League Covenant, his two chief contri. butions dealt with colonies and repara. tlona.
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On colonies it was Smuts who took the lead in demanding that "in no circumstances should any of German colonies be restored to Ger¦ SIRDHANA many." One of his two personalities SHIRALA could protest against dismember- · ment" the other was determined to TILAWA Kat 8.W. Afrien as the Unilon's share of SANTHIA the spoil.
On Reparations, Smuts responsi billty for the ten years' trouble which their swelling to impossible dimensions brought to Europe is direct.
A Mad World
The armistice terms laid down that "compensation will be made by Oer- many for all damage to the civilian population of the Allies and their property by land, by sea and from the nir."
Solemnly a committee presided over by W. M. Hughes argued that "damage to the civilian population" really meant "whale cost of the war," since the civilian population would have to fool the bili.
The French suggested £40,000,000,000 as a reasonable sum. It sounds sheer madness in retrospect: but the world was very mad in those days. Anyway, the Americans flatly refused to agree to so fantastic an interpretakon.
tt Slim Jan"
Here was a perfect job for "alim Jan. And it was his memorandum, a masterpiece of ingenious sophistry, which persuaded Wilson that all money that had been paid in separation allowances, or that would be paid in war pensions, could fairly be regarded as damage to the civilian population by land, by sea and from the air"
What did the Bouls who wrote *those eloquent protests think of the Smuts who wrole that adroit memor- andum? Or did the one not think of the other? Does he ono never think of the other?
Does Smuts, the great humanitarlatı, the preacher of peace and of sanity, never think of Emuts who authorised the "massacre of Bullhoek" in 1921, - of Brouts, who ordered the bombing of
the Bandelswarts in 19237
Or of the Smuls who in that samo year deliberately let the "Johannes- bum revolution" develop for two days so that things should get out of haud and provide pretext for a bloody re- pression (682 killed and wounded) which would "prove an object lesson to the people of this country for Cror "2
I wish I could say that Mrs. Millia's second volume was worthy of its thome, or even of the first volume. But her love for what she probably re- gards as fine writing and impression- ism has got the better of her.
St. in spite of the author, the book is intensely interesting because its sub-
W. N..E. Jest is Jan Smuts.
RAPID REVIEWS
YCHOOLDAYS WITH KIPLING, by G. C. Beresford (Gollancz, 128.8d). In which the original N Turkel Jalky and Co." recoils his class toom and playground experiences with Kipling, Authentic, AN ANTHOLOGY OF MODERN NATURE - WRITING, edited by Henry Williamson (Nelson, 3x.Ed.). The landscape of Britain recorded by Hardy, Hudson, Conrad. Galsworthy and many
others.
... THIS MODERN POETRY, by Babetta Deutsch (Faber and Faber, . Od.). "A courageous and clear-headed, attempt to bridge the chasm that has opened "old" and the "now" pools. Significant. SIX AGAINST THE YARD. (Solwyn 'and
Blount, 74.8d.). In which half-a-dozen. accomplished writers set out to commili
th the perfect murdar"-and pit their wis against ex-Supt Cornish of the C.LD.
CRADLE OF THE STORMS, by Barford R. Hubbard (Harrap. 88,6d). The author known across the Atanilo as "the Glacier Priest." tells you how icebergs are born In the Arelio neon. "Exciting. MURDER BY EXPERTS. by Anthony Gilbert (Collins. 7a. adj.: How three: people villed the home of a collector of antiques. And bow, a few days later, their host is found dead. Thrilling, MIGUEL OF THE BRIGHT MOUNTAIN, by Raymond Otis (Gollance. 78. 0:1). In which a youno Mexican peasant ballled. In his attempts to find a wider life in the cities, returns to the land. Gloomy bui powerful
WHAT IS A BOOK? (Allen and Unwin.. 7.6d). Thoughts about authorship by Harold Nicholson, Mary Agnes Hamilton. Havelock Ellis, Margaret Ayet Barnes and sixteen others. Revealing..
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