6
THE HONGKONG Telegrafii, TUESDAY, JULY 28, 1936.
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This Explains Empire
Defence
UT the globe at the twentieth line of longitude to the west of Greenwich Observatory, and what lies to the left of it is no cause for worry, thanks to our friendship with the United States of America,
But from that line castwards to the far side of New Zealand is a matter of immediate concern to the people of these islands, for the pipe-lines through which is pumped into London are laid across the seas between 20 de- grees west and 179 degrees cast. They run as far as 60 degrees both north and south of the equator.
These pipe-lines British naval strategy is concerned to pre- serve; for upon their unimpeded maintenance, depends the case with which tribute and life flow Stubbs Rd. into imperial Britain; gold and diamonds. from South Africa, fcotton from Egypt, spices from Ceylon, all treasure from India. tin and rubber from Malaya,, wool from Australasia; and from all and more of them in- terest on the loans with which British capitalists dowered them in early and late days.
Thongkong Telegraph.
TUESDAY, JULY 23, 1936.
ENSURING NATIONAL
*
20" Long,
West
GIBRA
LONDON
INDIAN OCEAN
CAPE TOWN
"From 1930 this Cine (7200milar: Capett
50* Lat. South
MARROP
FACTS
Onwald, Pirate,
South
Africon Minister of Defence, forty-six, slacht), 'spectacled, worshipin athlation, and fa aren by enemies on future Pusrist Dictator. Six years ago was bi vzel in <Buy at Johannesburg by vast crowd of motiver.
Objective: Position of Capetown. in reorientation of Empire Defence made mercanary by falian control of Red Sea,
CHONGKONG
INDIES
SYDNEY,
Photo-diagram shows vital triangle of Empire defence. Italy's control of Red Sea and Mediterranean means Britain can no longer rely on imperial by-pass of Suez. Future strategy will be based on the triangle's two siles, Capetown at the angle. Italian possessions black; British Empire speckled.
THE great maritime highways
of the world are British nen Disraeli, some few years THE times are out of joint no longer how to ensure a free SECURITY
highways, policed by the fleet later, bought for Britain the for pre-and post-war haval passage for British ships in time When we think of the mea- for which the taxpayer is called Suez Canal shares held by a strategy. The Mediterranean, of war, but how, to protect the sures which are being taken in upon to pay £80.230.000 every debauched khedive, the by-pass once a flowing tide of ships, may imperial status quo.
become the focal point in another
A blockade of this nature is the Old Country for ensuring year: guarded by the army became British.
which costs him £49.281,000 and
Until Badoglio rode into Addis war.
encouraging to Britain's enemies national security, we are apt to shadowed by the wings of an Ababu on a white charger it re- In such a war the British fleet in the east. The virtual closing overlook the point that "de-air force for which he pays mained a British by-pass; but it would suffer damage that might of the Suez Canal to British war- fences" have to be interpreted in £39,000,000.
is so no longer. The shadow of be irreparable. Its danger lies ships not only increases the the broadest manner possible, soi Like a. A. boxes spread along Italian imperial ambitions has in its comparative immobility: journey from England to Singa- ns to include civilians as well as an arterial road, Britain, in the darkened the clear waters of its safety in the impregnable air pore by over 3,000 miles, but it soldiers, and food as well as am-smash and grab days of her the Red Sea; and in its pellucid base which lies at the eastern renders impotent those capital munition and aeroplanes. In the history, spread boxes along the depths the reficction of the end of that landlocked sen. ships required for defensive pur-
Union Jack is now challenged For Palestine is the hope of its poses in the Mediterranean. plans upon which the Government highways to the east.
Their resounding names are by the green, white and red salvation. Behind that narrow
At this stage of history Cape- has now embarked, all aspects of milestones in imperial history, banner of imperial Rome. country lie the immeasurable town appears on the horizon of the issues involved are being kept and are known to every child What had been
British deserts of biblical antiquity: be the strategic sky and Singapore well in mind, and it is noteworthy almost as soon as its eyes are strength is now British Weak- fore it, the sea.
sinks away. A great naval base also, in regard to aerial defence, fopened.
ness. A
Sea menaced Red
Operating from a base out of is to be built at the former? that local authorities are showing Gibraltar, Malla, Suez, Aden, means. perhaps, an untenable range of any hostile uavy or air further work on the latter, it is a marked willingness to co-oper-Bombay, Colombo, Trincomali, Mediterranean; for you cannot force, the wings of Britain could rumoured, is to be abandoned.
one part of a by-puss spread themselves, rise and ate to the fullest extent in the Singapore and the ports of Aus blow up
Men who ought to know are There tralasia are the boxes along the without making the whole of it destroy and then return com talking of an expenditure of measures being taken.
paratively undamaged. Under
£14,000,000, of which the poor are still a few stubborn extrem-by-pass. On the old route boxes unfit for traffic.
are at Capetown and the ports of Outside Home waters British the aegis of those wings now British taxpayer is to find half. ists who do not admit the neces-Australasin.
naval strategy was based on the falls the safety of the Suez and sity of preparedness-against-the- Along the first of these high Mediterranean as a highway for of the wealth-of-Egypt-and- possibility of aerial raids, but the ways the road bifurcates at sea traffic; but it may well prove under their aegis, in future, a comes back into its own; and great majority of the people are Singapore and one part moves that Italian tactics have turned British fleet at that end of the on the by-pass weeds spring up and it is deserted, except for a fully aware of the need for tak-northwards to the two great en- it into a lake from which, in Mediterranean must operate.. ing every possible precaution intrepots of the Far East, Hong- time of trouble. British ships
This reversal of what we have policeman or so. will find it difficult to leave in come to look on as the correct this direction. As an example kong and Shanghai. of what the local authorities are These are the main highways safety, for between Gibraltar order of nature has been long in but not the only ones, for lanes and the Canal is a narrow chan- arriving, but Mussolini's gamble, doing, it is of interest to note that lead to Palestine, along the east nel separating Sicily from Tunis, which only the timidity of the a county so remote from the coast of Africa, up the shores of It is guarded in, the middle by Admiralty allowed to succeed, heart of the nation as Devon is India to Calcutta and down the Italy's fortified island of has forced the pace; and the demonstrating a measure of en-rich littoral of Burmah. térprise and activity which is in They turn and twist between keeping with that of the Govern-the islands of the East Indies host of ment, which, with the approval and give access to a of all wide-awake citizens, has scattered atolls, all of some
strategic value, whose begun large-scale reorganisation would overflow these columns. and expansion of the Air Force. In 1869 Eugenie, Empress of The authorities in Devonshire the French, stood in the bows are compiling a national emer- of the first vessel ever to sail gency register in which the from the Mediterranean to the names of all non-combatant sec-Red Sea; and from that moment tions of the population-that is, the by-pass has been in use. men over fifty, as well as women.
and girls-will be ready to
names
serve their country in time of NOTES OF THE DAY
The Government of Spain, con- trolled by extremists of the Leftist
neod. The iden ut the back of this plan is that all the spadework shall be done in advance, so that,
camp, has endeavoured to obtain In the event of an emergency assistance from France in sup arising, the names of those on the pressing tim revolt of the Mon- register, shall be immediately at archist, Fascist and other Right-
Ist. elements, including the ad the disposal of the appropriate herents of the Roman Church. Government departments, to- The Government of Spain has gether with details of the ser-been refused munitions by the Government of Franco, following vices which each enrolled person the outer by the French Rightst may be able to render. The idea, pross against an anticipated ac of course, is not a new one, but ceptance by M. Blum, the French the fact that It is being put into Prime Minister, of Madrid's in- force in this specific centre, andvitation to en-operate in defending is likely to be adopted by others a Loftist administration, of the as well, serves to indicate the same colour and conviction as tint thorough-going manner in which in Paris. The French refusal was well advised. In the first place, the country is entering into or if France sent assistance of any gunised schemes aiming at na-hort to the Spanish Government, tional security. This, however, and were that Government even- is only one aspect of the questually destroyed by the revolt, the: tion; no sphere of activity is be- allies of the eliminated party ing overlooked either by the Gov- would be apt to find themselves in crnment or the various local distinctly embarrassing position, authorities. Whatever the short-having lost the good-will of a big comings of the past may have neighbour. More than that, if the been, it is evident that the nation Loftist Government in Franco to asalst Leftist
Spain, present-day development, wight. encourage
Continued on Page 4.)
has now been aroused-to a full were to move In
Bympathisers
consciousncas of -needa.
the
Pantellaria.
And so the old high road
Capetown must build so that if war should come, British ships can move easily to a beleaguered Singapore or an attacked Aus- Iralia. Without risk they can tear across the wide spaces of question in the Mediterranean is the Indian Ocean; but only with
most the gravest and justifiable of risks can they move through the Suez and down the scarcely wider Red Sea, a target for bombs, an attraction for mines and submarines.
SIDE GLANCES By George Clark
944 Chirk "I wouldn't get too careless with my make-up. "You'ro. not sure you've nailed him yet,
jon.
un-
AND so the immensely com
plicated strategic game goes Air power has altered it and driven warships into the open sea; but air power has not emasculated the battleship, for aeroplanes cannot travel long distances without stopping for a breather and a meal of petrol. Their effective range is short; that of warships is long.
Any enemy aeroplanes that wished to fly east to attack Britain's wealth would have a hard job, for the territory of the world, as mapped at present, shows that we and our potential allies own the fuelling stations. along the route.
Let us take one more look at the map and on it draw what is approximately a right angled triangle whose right angle is at, Capetown, and the two ends of whose hypotenuse are London and Sydney,
That tells the story; since 1860 British naval strategy has been based along the hypo- tenuse: Mussolini hus. compelled jus to revert to the other two loicles,
And the lesson of it?
That because we failed to jclose the Suez Canal to Mussolini,
he has now closed it to us.
Philip Jordan