THE HONGKONG Telegraph, MONDAY, JUNE 15, 1936.
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WHO SHALL ANSWER
Tis eighteen months since Wal-Wal, a tiny collection
of mud huts near an East African well, sprang over- night into world fame,
How many people thought when, In December, 1933, they read news- paper reports of an in- cident between Italian
Colonial troops and the Abyssinian escort of an Anglo-Abyssinian land commission. that
this incident would cause the Ereatest crisis since the.
Great War?.
Few can have thought that Wal- Wal would bring about the fall of a British
French and Foreign Minister, that it would BWAY electiona and have profound re- percussions on the whole question of European security. Few could have suspected that, like
of blood and ugony, to a birth to a tragle history long story of political treachery, fatal vacilla- tion and broken pledges.. For, apart from the deplorable sufferings
civilisin that Italy'
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
Mra. Kwok Siu Lau and family beg to thank their many friends for their messages of condolence in their recent bereavement, and for their kind presence at the funeral.
The
Hongkong Telegraplı.
MONDAY, JUNE 15, 1936.
Roy Fox & His Orchestra.
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during the past quarter of a century in prison practice in England. These.reveal that com. mitials for drunkenness fell The Ballyhooligans.
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mission" has brought to Abyssinia, the most dis- turbing feature of the Italo-Abyssinian conflict. has been the wholesal
of sclemi scrapping treaty obligations.
TALY began 11,
cours, by her fagian: breach of the Covenant. League members, by fall- the to apply. ing Covenant, followed suit. and 'Then Germany,
next Austria.. realistrikt that nothing very muchi 10 Anyway happens
breakers. Get treaty about repudilating Ver- sallies and St. Germain. And Italy committed the greatest of all modern crimes by tearing up the Poison Gas Conven- tion.
He put his trust in the League of Nations.
We may well ask our- selven what Abyssinia thinks of European elvilization when the sees it presented to her on one side in the form of tanks. polson gas and liquid free and on the other in the form of a leng series of broken promises.
Apart from the initial blanic that les on Italy, there is a secondary and only slightly less important blaine that rests on the two Nations who, when it suits them, proudly boast of their in- fluence at Geneva.
Had Britain and France acted firmly and immediately in conecrt, at Geneva, Abyssinin would have been saved, the League's prestige would never have stood higher, and the latest crisis, the re-occu- pation of the Rhineland, would have been almost certainly avoided.
Both countries must now be realising the full bitterness of re- gret. Yet one of them at least still 'does not seem to appreciate that a strong League, and only a strong League, will save the world from chaos.
Let us look back on the history
THE
And now
of traple Abyssinia's appeal to the greatest of all international irl- bunals, the Longur of Nations, We shall see a depressing picture of hattered hopes and bitter dislilu- slonment.
from
One thing stands out that picture. The dignity and the stark courage .displayed by Abys- sinin liave been a lesson to 60- called civilised States.
when.. 7HAT happened
cels her rights as Abyssinin ineinber, Icongru asken the League Council to consider the, Wai-Wai incident situation as giving rise to a
kely to lead to a breach of peace- ful International relations?
"Although-the-world knew that there was no basis for Italy's clalu that Wal-Wal was in Italian terri- tory, although British officers had furnished the Foreign Office with evidence of the Italian aggression, the British Government at once sought to keep the affair away
BANK
OF
በዐ
for this CRIME?
by
Bernard
MOORE
froni Geneva, Cowed by Italan threats of with- drawal from the League If the question were even the British discussed, Government was instru- mental in arranging a compromisc shameful under which, in the hope that direct negotiations settle- would lead to a ment out of court, the question was removed from the agenda of the January Council meet- ing. That there was no hope of any settlement was, clear trom Italy's feverish war, prepara- Lon
While the British and French Governments were leaning back in an eestany of self-congratu- Jattun at having avoided a nasty situation, they were, in really, plling up endless trouble for them- selves. France, tled by a be- tween Laval, and Musso- lal, did not then have to- start her sabotaging work, Britain was doing it for her.
aceret
agreement
SLY quibbles in the law
were discovered to show exactly why tho Suez Canal could not be closed.
Every form of preventive Banc- tions was skilfully avoided. Timo after time both Governments tried to keep the dispute away from the Council, and patch up the quarrel, outside the League. But Mussolini was out for. his pound of flesh. Soon it became a question, not of "Will there be a war? "but " When will the Abyssinian climate make war possible?",
Canal. No; there were to be more delays,
A
new
As the Italian legions were ad- vancing,
Infamy was sprung on the world. France and England calmly proposed, in the Hears-Laval plan, to give Italy the richest half of Abyssinia as a prize for her defiance of the League. Once again publie opinion was the
Foreign two roused and Minintel were forced from office. Sir Samuel Hoare's place was taken by Mr. Eden, who, to do him for the
justice, has since. But
vindication of the
he has not fought hard enough. In France, unfortunately, there was no change for the better when M. Flandin replaced M. Laval. Sinco one January there has been Fronch
for delay after excuso another. And each time Mr. Eden has given way, accepting only a tiny part of his original demands.
O
Sanctions, already deferred, were put off agala in March for a week to enable the French to make one Bupreme attempt, at peace nego- Liations. The week has become two months. Oil experts have forecast that Italy could resist an oil embargo for three and a half months only.
Now we have had to wait for the to know elections French whether the new French Govern- ment is to be any more pro- sanctionist and to see whether the British Government & really intended the Abyssinian war to be brought to an end. Meanwhile, Italy had redoubled her milltary efforts and had sown the seeds of civilisation in the form of polson gas bombs.
If, as is generally understood, Mr. Eden is personally in favour of a strong League policy, he has either shown unpardonable weakness in his opposition to French demands or elements in, the Cabinet have prevented him from carrying out the policy which received the coun- try's approval in the general elec- tions.
The time has conie for Great Britain to take a strong ne at Geneva. On the one alde there is France, evidently regarding the League as an instrument designed expressly for use against Germany. and against no one else. On the other is Britain, professing to be a faithful servant of the Lengue, and anxious to ensure that a State guilty of an act of aggression shall not benet.
that moment timo the By arrived, in September, the British Government had realised that it had backed the wrong horse. Faced with a General Election and a growing public resentment at the bungling of the Italian situation, the Government was forced to change its polley. As a result, the Council and the Assembly solemnly all act of sugression in defiance.of-told-firmly--that-on-no--account declared that Italy had committed
the League Covenant,
Then, one would have thought, the members of the League would at onee have voted Banctions, real Sanctions, and closed the Burz
HEALTH
*
no
power
BO
TF that is true, France Imust be shown clearly and unequivocally that the Italo-
dispute is Abyssinian
test She must be case for Britain.
Д
will. Britain agree to any form of
collective action in Europe that is not taken equally in other parts of the world.
And France can only give one reply, Brilleh for shu knows, and the Government knows, that Anglo-French co-operation in all forms of collective Becurity is essential.
fifty-six to twenty-six. Although rent improvements-had--been. cllected in the treatment of in the preceding criminals hundred years, the British public were in 1910 reminded.in a striking manner that the ques- tion of prison reform had not been entirely disposed of. The late Mr. John Galsworthy, the
The indiciments against the two famous dramatist, staged a play
Governments are damning. It was the British Government which en- in London, called "Justice," in
couraged Italy Inst year by taking no which he dealt with various un-
It is not only disease which robs action at Geneva. It was the British pleasant and unsatisfactory fen-,
The rate at which the body can
It was the defence forces varies the body of its recuperative powers. Government which discouraged talk of
closing the Suez Canal. Lures of prison life. He show
the Every normal human being starts
British Government which, by its ed, for example, how
A man can drink until he develops vaciliation and weakness, brought dis bank of health. Unlike the balances with age to a very murked extent. In Physical over-exertion will do separate cell system, instead of life with a substantial balance at the mobilise its
because the defensive) necessarily being an improve at the bank of commerce he is at infancy the body has low powers of just as effectively, ment on the older system, might liberty to draw on it to a practically resistance become a torture to a sensitive unlimited extent without doing more mechanism learns its duties slowly. cirrhosis of the liver, but if he illusionment and discouragement to prisoner who could not bear then temporarily depleting it. No So we frequently see a child wha la steadies up in time all the hardness the little Staten to which the Leaguo matter how exhausted his recupera perfectly healthy on Monday, ravaged will disappear and the liver become means life itself. It has been the
on cynicism of recent months. confinement. Publictive powers may become during illness by illness on Tuesday, and is a pathe perfectly healthy again. But if he French Government which has horrl- solitary
All that time the British Govern- a very short period of the little bag of bones by Tirursday defies Nature the hardening will be fed the world by its unparalleled
Once mobilised, however, the resist come permanent and
ment knew that it was in its power sentiment was shocked by the or injury,
to compel France lo come inte line in The Home Secretary health is sufficient to restore them to ing power of the child is supremely earth can then disperse it. play.
Mental overstrain is not so com visited it, and investigations into their normal flourishing state.
There is, however, one proviso. If active. The disease is soon overcome
yet nothing was done. The tardy the existing prison system were it is permissible to draw lavishly on and we find that the former process
having seen a case of collapse through change in British policy is not enough. immediately instituted and vari- one's health balance the debit must is reversed and normal health and
they vanished.
"This, however, can be very deceptive, over-work. In nearly all cases the Tant policy must be pushed through ons reforms introduced. The be quickly made good or repayment strength return almost as quickly non-in fact, I cannot recollect ever the enforcement of collective security.
different matter. It is safe to say that if these facts many changes in treatment will be refused.
anti-toxins
Directly a man passes thirty the recorded in the last 25 years in- were properly understood by the The process of manufacturing white break-down is due to worry-a very at Geneva at all costs and at once.
would soon become corpuscles and
speed with which his body can make clude the abolition of solitary average person
Therefore some time after a child white corpuscles begins to decline, confinement, the introduction of the accepted thing that, barring exhausting one to the body and it
the normal span of life. lectures and concerts, the issue accidents, eighty er ninety years was takes some time to recover from it.
The dificulty of turning this pre-jor an adult, for that matter has 43. does the quantity he is able to care must be firstly, to avold illness as far as pos of a printed weekly news sheet, the establishment of a system of cept into practice is that it must be apparently been restored to normal produce. Therefore his aim must be, timo. Debts incurred in childhood or taken to avoid over-strain and over-sible, and, secondly, if he is stricken adult education-the 335 classes observed throughout the entire life health, the greatest
and, in short, to pay back the balanca light one. He must train himself to be on the lookout for those danger signals which tell him his resistanco which were held in 1935 were youth cannot be repaid in maturity, exhaustion, to give nourishing foods, down, to ensure that the attack is a attended by 7,451 prisoners-im- The chance of repayment has gone, that has been overdrawn.
has been lowered.
At the first onset of an illness ho As the child grows to maturity the provement of prison libraries, and when the time comes that a de-i the disappearance of the broad-mand is made on the bankrupt organ there are no funds available to meet
resistance to diacase grows steadily must take to his bed. He must it. arrow mark from the prisoners'
During childhood unwise parents greater. It is at its maximum appro-nerifice his heroic notions of "throw-
ROD Or Kimately between the years of 16 and Д clothes, and the introduction of
able conditions for manufacturing the physical training. One result can unwittingly deprive of these many reforms has daughter of ten years of life. The 30, and this, strangely enough, is the my it off, and by rest and warmth
or anti-toxina. Youth has a very foolish, fetish that largest quantities of white corpusclea thinks it can successfully defy the! beon a great improvement in bravado and ignorance of youth, which period where most damage is usually must give his body the most favour- Above all, when he has conquered liness. discipline and a more import-immutable laws of health, can disposit in a sign of softness to give way
slight
There the illness, he must give himself a the to
a couple reasonable time in which to ant matter than the maintenance of another ten years. The
excesses of maturity cause of discipline within the prisons of another ten years, so a man fore, instead of spending
young people go about their normal it takes a little longer for the body walls-offenders on leaving pri- who might wall have lived to ninety of days in bed, these misguided valesce. With each year that passes dutles and pleasures and assure thatefully to recover from the exhaustion son return to the world less em- dies at sixty.
knocking yearn off one's life to ignore throw it aft with soclety than they did a
Well, they usually do. The body the fatigue and weakness of ability of the body to manufacture and anti- blood corpuseles
the demands valescence and to say that you feel quarter of a century ago. The white
Think, then, of that invisible balan- most practical and helpful of toxins. The white corpuseles have gallantly responds to
corpuscles are manufactured and hurl- prison reforms, it has been wise- often been likened to soldiers who made upon it, more and more, whito a fraud to step away from the office. wisely. When necessary, draw on it ly said, is to be found in pro- guard the body from invading er et into the fray, and in time the ce at the bank of health and use it
Directly malevolent germa
But the account has been overdrawn to the limit and it will stand the cesses which keep people out of the body a message is instantaneous disease is defeated. - prison altogether. Judged by ly flashed round the entire system
But always pay back your overdraft aro several nover again will the body be able to that standard, the work of the and white corpuscles of the appro- the debt has not been repaid, and strain without flinching.
priate type for there
Nature's bank never forgives i dobt! past twenty-five yeara in Britain ferent kinds are manufactured and produce those precious, corpuscles at in full, or you will live to rug it. has been remarkably
*
*K
follies
done.
13
#
+
сод-
bittered and feeling less at war The "bank balance" consists of the anxious relatives that "they'll soon of fighting a disease, and it is merely
successful.
rushed to the danger spot.
enter
its maximum speed..
con-
Fer the alternative is the end of the League, and with it the beginning of a new era of destruction.
It Is True?
Some of these statements are right, some wrong. Do you know which?
1. The Incas of Peru sent their clay inscribed on -mesenger
tablets,
2. The tallest race on earth is found in South America.
3. The cathedrals of Els and St. Albans are the same length.
4. Rabbita were unknown in Scotland 700 years ago.
taper columns 5. Egyptian slightly to give an illusion of straightness.
6. Two hundred and fifty years
ago the population of England and Wales was about half the present population of London.
Answer on Page 7