THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 8, 1938.
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The
ABYSSINIA'S SHATTERED
THE capture of Addis Ababa How the League's Action
.
Has Spurred Italy On
By
G. A. MARTELLI
FAITH
who understand each other far
her more determined, more bold better than Europe does either
in taking risks, and in conse- of them, might have patched up their quarrel and preserved ap-. quence only more successful,
by the Italians has torn away the Inst shred of Illusion. It now must be clear to anyone that jeconomic sanctions have failed. They have.not stopped the war and they have not prevented. Italy from conquering Abyssinia. It seems, indeed, that they have
As regards Abyssinia, it is pearances. It is not straining only aided a more completo
credulity any further to suggest It is very doubtful, at all-dimcult to say what the Em- that Haile Selassie, if left to victory by stimulating Marshal Badoglio to press for a quick events, whether it, was part of peror would have done had mem- his own devices, could have
the Lengue decision.
the original plan to march to bere of Without the pressure from Addis Ababa. A few months concerned themselves in outside: and the threat of in- ago the Italian Government were affairs. One thing is certain, creasing internal difficulties Italy quite willing to leave to the however. The Abyssinians in Icould have afforded to take her League the task of reorganising their innocence were led to ex and there was nothing, apart from the existence of the Len- time. She could have under- Abyasinin. For their part they pect a far larger measure of over celaial only claimed a certain share of support than they have taken a leisurely
pute an exception. campaign, with a less formidable control, in addition to the exten- received, or are likely to receive. Bue, to make the present dis- armament. and at a much lower sion of the frontiers of Eritrea This was made clear by the in-
Now, of course, an under- expense. She could have limited and Italian Somaliland and a creasing bitterness of their ap
Geneva: If they did standing is out of the question. her objective in accordance with territorial liaison between the peals to
not anticipate armed assistance, The Emperor is no longer in a
counted her means; and who knows but two colonies,
at least on position to make concessions;
nover her
reached an understanding with Italy. Such arrangements have been made before our own Im- perial history is full of them-
that after taking a certain. It was to be expected that with they amount of territory, and reveng- an Italian force at Addis Ababa, financial help, as well as on the and the only settlement probable Italians being prevented from is one dictated by the victors. Stubbs Rding the defeat of Adowa, she Italy's demands would no longer
modest. would have been ready to call be so
Even if her reinforcing their troops. When The fact that sanctions may it became obvious that neither continue, and may even be in- off the war?
victories did not encourage her,
'was intended, they looked for an creased, that Italy may have every factor in the situation was effective trade boycott of Italy, ruined herself in the process, pushing her, having gone so far.
including an embargo on the will not improve the situation
guards of her army were at an of enormous distance from their
Hongkong Telegraph.
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 3, 1936.
FRENCH FOREIGN
POLICY
of
NOTES OF THE DAY to go to the end. The advanced insenting materials of war, such of Abyssinia or make the final
their
communications
Central threatened. The only safe they had been duped...
*
*
14:
greater need for making her-
self secure against the future.
as oil. It was only when this in terms any easier. On the con- Once again the wise men Europe are predicting an alliance, base. They remain indefinitely turn appeared improbable that trary, these are likely to be all they realised how thoroughly the harder.' For while she will or united front of some descrip-with
be irritated at the obstacles put tion, amongst certain
in her path, Italy will also feel
·European' powers and Italy. The announced intention of the Aus course was to follow up the blow
If the Emperor had known and establish a definite ascen- trian Chancellor, Dr.Schuschnigg, Indicative of the strong feel-
to visit Venice. is taken in some dancy, both military and poli- what a doubtful horse he was
* ings of the smaller Powers on
quarters to mean that he will woo tical, at the enemy's centre, so backing, if he could have fore
The lesson of all this is in that there would be no longer seen from the first his series of the
annexation Italian
Signor Mussolini's support Ethiopia is the demand
dealing with recalcitrant Prince any rallying point for resistance, disillusionments, would he have obvious. It is the old one--that power It must be remembered, too, that placed his faith outside his own half measures are useless. If Argentine that the League of
von Starhemberg, whose Nations should not waver in its Schuschnigg has tried to break, the occupation of the capital country? It is unlikely. And the League could not really help handling of this problem. Once with the result that the Heimwehr means the command of a fresh had it been merely on his own the Emperor, it was better not
urmy) in again, therefore, the whole (powerful political
have challenged the whole power view of Abyssinin, it should future of the League is in the threatening to turn on him and his source of supplies, both locally strength that he relied, would he to try. From the point of
of a
Western nation, with its either have done nothing at all. balance, and the events of the Government. It is hinted in some and by means of the railway.
On the other hand, the fact immensely superior arms and or much more... The only next few weeks must inevitably quarters that this action
of
of the
cord, and that he may offer this as a price for Italian support against internal enemies.
new ones
raise the issue of its continued 'Austrian Dictator indicates his that sanctions are still operat organisation? It is doubtful, effective measure available was existence. Much desire for an Austro-German reing, and that their effect will be The odds were too great. With to close the Suez Canal to Italian utility and
felt more and more even if out the intervention of the transports. Had this been done will obviously depend on the
are not imposed League it would have been early enough the Abyssiniau attitude of France, in which
made it absolutely essential to clear that the defeat of war would have been impossible, connection the world' awaits a
And yet, a few months ugo,
achieve results rapidly, so that Abyssinin was only a matter of although there might have been definite indication of policy from
before her Ethiopian adventure, the new Leftist administration.nly rushed troops to the Brenner the war could be brought to an time. The Emperor would have another much worse in Europe. of end, part of the forces with- had the choice between a heroic It was not done for the simpla Laiterly, there has been marked Pass when there was a hint
over-drawn, and a saving in expendi- and hopeless struggle or a face- reason that nobody in Europe, divergence of viewpoint in Nazi influence becoming Paris on this question of French powerful-in Austria. The obvious ture effected. Moreover, it is saving capitulation on terms not even the English pacifists, foreign policy. The Right in-conclusion is that the Italians have legitimate for the Italians to which saved him at any rate a were prepared to fight Italy for clines to abandonment of the come to fear Nazi influence no less, calculate that, if peace can be part of his kingdom. Is it not Abyssinia. League, a circumstance which but that they need strong allies negotiated direct with a con- possible that he would have pre-
And there can be no doubt
That we have fallen between explains the past hesitancy of more.
Government to that Italy, Austria and Germany, quered Abyssinia, it will be no ferred the second alternative? the Sarraut
There are shrewd observers two stools is inevitable, and it is no good blaming the League. who believe that but for ine align itself wholeheartedly with and anyone else they might bring longer possible for the League Britain in measures against into the fold, would be a strong to maintain sanctions.
So much for the effect on League, China would not have The League is not an Indepen- Italy. M. Tardieu, in his latest combination in any dispute. Poli- book, asks whether it would not eally they are all on much the Italy's action of what has been lost Manchukuo. Left to them: dent entity, an integral body same road. Even Poland seems to done at Geneva. It has made selves the two Oriental nations, with sovereign powers. It is
tend towards Fascism more than
possible that Poland can forget her!
differences with Germany, as she SIDE GLANCES By George Clark
did once before, to strengthen her hand against a possible bld from'
isia,
be better for France to bi "strong and alone." Others of anything else; and it is not im- the same school of thought con- tend that France must have her hands free to deal with dangers near at hand, and that she must at all costs retain the friendship
Russia, of course, is quite aware of Italy (by the abandonment
of the menace of such an alliance, of sanctions), and co-operate
particularly if it were tied up with with Poland in defence of Japan, and looks to France for Czecho-Slovakia, which she support through the medium of the recently-signed defensive pact. would be unable to do if she just where Britain stands no-one remained tied to the League.acems to be prepared to guess: "Pertinax," on the other hand, a matter of fact, all the calcula declares that abandonment of tions and prognostications of poli- But one thing we the League would mean aban-tical soothsayers are little more
than, guessCh. donment of the collective can all admit: there is much secret security system upon which bargaining, and maybe a bit of honest bluffing, going on in the French foreign policy has been chancellories of Europe, to-day, built up. Moreover, the co- and the outcome may be trouble- Moreover, it may be signi- operation of Britain and Russia some. can only be retained through cant in the eyes of some that there is a tendency, if not an the machinery of the League, affort, on the part of some nationa In turn, M. Herriot retorts that which lack colonial possessions if France turns her back on and great spaces in which to ex pand, to group together in this Geneva, the result, will be a re-time of uncertainty. Wo doubt turn to the policy of two an- that such groupings or alliances tagonistic groups of Powers in will tend to alleviate the mis Europe, which must inevitably givings of the world.
lead to war. The Leftists argue,
also, that the Rightists have dent in political circles in Paris. been encouraging Italy to defy Now that the Left is taking Britain, suggesting that Britain over control of the nation's af- is preparing to interpret the fairs, it remains to be seen of Left victory at the recent whether the assumption French elections as indicating authority will causo any marked the bolshevising of France and modification of opinion, by its to use it as excuse for turning lenders. If not, we may expect
to from France
Germany. to see a stronger line taken by These are some of the conflict-France against Italy in the de ing viewpoints on major foreign liberations of the next few policy which have become evi-weeks.
"Yeah..
away two hours.
.he took me to lunch yesterday and we were To-day I'm gone an hour and ten minutes
and he blows me up!"
merely a club where the mom- hers meet and discuss their common interests. If decisions are taken, it is because it hap pens that all the members-or at any rate the most powerful among them-agree. But there is no reason whatsoever why they should agree, and even that any of them should do anything which runs counter to their own particular interests.
If only two European Powers Great Britain and France- had felt themselves directly threatened by the Italian, ag- gression, or if both of them had experienced the same burning sympathy with Abyssinin as is evinced by the public opinion of one of them, there would have- been not the slightest difficulty in preventing or stopping the
war.
As it was, the French people, as they were entitled, felt just as little enthusiasm for meddl ing with Italy in Abyssinia as the English people feel for in- terfering with the Germans in the Rhineland. It may seem odd, but it is fact, and Franco is not the only country where public opinion reacts differently from our own. In these cirqum stances, the surprising thing is not that the League has failed, but that it tried to do anything at all.