THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY, MAY . 13, 1936.
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DEATH.
JEX-On 12th May, 1936, at the Kowloon Hospital, Harry Carnel Jex passed away. The corlege will proceed via the monument at 5.15 p.m.
on Wednesday, 13th instant.
The
Thongkong Telegraph.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 13, 1936,
NEW INDUSTRY FOR
HONGKONG?
Although it is somewhat early in the day, as yet, to reach any
definite conclusions concerning
the prospects of large-senle
of the most expert, and a remark- able skill in Industrial technology, it has produced the modern Japan, whose insurgent demands for ex- pansion may well prove in the long rum of infinitely more munient to the peace of the world than those of the, by Japanese standards, Homewhat amateur terrorists of Europe.
Jaran might have been regarded, morally and politically, as an anach
if vonism in the modern world Mussolini and Hitler and not demon- strated so efficiently the rapidity with which the wheel of progress can be reverseil in
us
MONGOLIA
CHINA
JAPAN Spreads
Shanghai
Hongkong
CHINA Philipp
BRITISH
BORNE
Singapore DUTCH EA
No full appreciation of the dim. article, is a vital factor. culties that are pinced in the way, of World
pence by Japanese foreign policy, and no true assessment of her politicni aut economic claims, is pos- sible without a clear understanding of her internal political and economic problems.
Herself
by
FRANCIS
WILLIAMS
A now World Economic Confor- ence will be held shortly in London. The problems it will grapple with aro not merely European; the am- bitions and discon- tent of all nations must bo dealt .with.
Japan, shown in
INCE then the balance of power hns shifted from time to time. The Mitsui-Military alliance has been strengthened and at the Hame time inconvenienced by an Irre- spoustble Fascist group of Army
officers not easily kept under con-
tron
The Mitsubishi interests have been reinforced by the growing anxiety of
other banking interests regarding the heavy cost of war, but the essential position has remained unchanged.
The dominant classes in Japan need war because the alternative might easily bo social revolution. They are alded in their war campaigns by the feudal structure of Japanese society, as the strength of the military easte this, and its closeness to the Emperor, by the public attitute to the destruc- tion of human life which condones, and Indeed it would appear on occasion enthusiastically approves, political murder at home no less than war abroad, and by the disorganisa- working tion of the agrarinn and work classes,
That fall in prices ruined the farm groups. Those groups, on occasion; war with each other, but they com- Ing community, aiready heavily in bine in their determination, to main debted to money-lenders, already at n thin the privilege of their einn at the-level-of-poverty-near and in many expense of the vast majority of their enses below, the starvation line, while fellows.
at the same time it brought in its train growing industrial unemploy intent.
*
They have been assisted, iso, by the The roots. of those problems go far
*
fact that thele aggression has coin- cided with a universal economic de- back. They are a product of the
Na world increasingly rapid Westernisation and Industrial-
The rulers of Japan were faced with pression which has occupied the isation which was imposed upon
dominated the
economically the situation which faced Mussolini thoughts of the Western Powers-thus traditiona! feudalism of the country
by Vast monopolistic last year, which faces Hitler to-day the first aggression in Manchuria came in the second half of the last century amalgamations, the great family the choice between internal economie on the very day Britain left the Gold
Standard-and
mazing friend- and by the amazing by the Mikado, under the inspiration combines of Japan are unique in crisis leading possibly to an overthrow
the of the Samurai, whos: agricultural the breadth of their interests and
of their regime, and an external diver liness to their designs shown by
British
through sion. They chose, as Mussolini and.
Government, which estates
bankrupt, and with the their tight control of the political Hitler in their turn have chosen, ex-
the mouth of Sir John Simon put the enthusiastic
structure.
ternal diversion.
nt Geneva better than Japanese case they could themselves, as Mr. Ant- suoka, the Japanese delegate, with true Oriental courtesy frankly ad- mitted.
were
the small group of merchant and
support of their creditor
money-lending families.
As a consequence, political, econe- mic and financial control in Japan rests to an extent unknown elsewhere inhe hands of one or two powerful
Chief among them are the rival interests of the Mitsub family and those of the Mitsubishi group owned by the Iwasaki family. The firet, in addition to its enormous financial and industrial interests, has a traditional link with the aristocratic clan which officers the Army-the second an which provide the higher ranks of the Navy
mining activities in the New NOTES OF THE DAY equally powerful link with the families
Territories, following the re-. ported find of valuable wolfram deposits, the results of the pre- liminary survey carried out by experts would certainly appear to justify a mensure of op- timism. So promising, indeed,
"BLACK-COATED" WORKERS
Insur-
Both have world-wide interests, but whereas the Mitsui is, despite its foreign affiliations, predominantly con
cerned in domestle industry, includ-
ing armaments, interests of the Mit subishi are predominantly in foreign
trade.
S. MOUTRIE & Co., Ltd. is the outlook that a prominent come limit for manual workers, but ministers have been murdered and
York Building:
གོམས་གང་ལོང་བ་པོ་
CAREE
F
O
R
Chater Road.
YOUR HANDS
firm of mining specialists has undertaken the work of boring two tunnels for the purpose of ascertaining the depth of the new-found minoral zone, and if early anticipations are realised
we
Kwang.
A special committee which has been considering the question of extending Unemployment ance, in so far as it affects non- manual workers, recently issued its report. At there is no in- for non-manual workers it is £250 a year. When the Unemployment Insurance scheme was first intro duced it made no provision what- ever for the clerical and salarie classes--often termeil the "black- conted" workers. These were first brought under unemployment surance in 1920. For some yours it was assumed that the man with an income of over £250 a year had much greater security than the average wage-earner; but it is now
Governments have risen and fallen,
new ones taken their place, but in essence each Ministry has been either a Mitsui Government or a Mit- Bubishi Government.
*
*
sk
ITH the world economic depression a new factor entered the situation in Japan, as elsewhere.
Under a Mitsubishi Government con- cerned
for the international funncial interests of its masters. Japan had re- turned
ned to the gold standard in 1980, and was, in consequence, in an exposed realised that he may suffer just as position when the world-wide econo much from the vicissitudes of the mic depression brought a restriction of Inbour market. Unemployment world markets and a catastrophic fall risks have increased and real hard-in commodity prices. ships are sometimes inflicted.
The Committee concerned has now recommended the raising of the limit for non-manual workers from £250 to £400 a year. About involved. 400,000 persons will be
The ELIZABETH ARDEN'S waysiderable quantities in would tors clerits, and the employees
Wash the hands with LEMONIES SOAP as this is an excellent soap which cleanses and whitens the hands..
may expect to see major operations begun within the next few months. The "find" now reported comes rather un- expectedly in view of the fact that previous survoys had not indicated the-Wkelihood of mineral deposits being dis- covered in the New Territories promising profitable working on large-scale lines. Such mining as has been attempted hitherto has been on an extremely
In their evidence submitted to the modest basis by small Chinese
Committee nearly all the represen- groups working on licence per- tatives of the employees were in mits, amounting to little more
favour of raising the limit. Repro- than a mere scratching of the sentatives of some of the employees ground in surface activities. in banking and insurance support- Something much more protenti- ed the proposal for an extension ous is now envisaged, however, and some opposed it. Only in one Wolfram, of course, exists in con- or two occupations, such as those of chartered accountants and sollci-.
uniformly opposed the proposal. On the side of the employers there was almost general opposition to a raising of the limit. The question now rests with Parliament. So far the Minister of Labour has not com- mitted himself, but the general- opinion in the press seems to be that the Government will accept the. findings of the Committee. shown to be practicable, Colony may not merely witness come will be starting of a big the springing up of a big mining new industry for Hongkong, camp on the mainland, but the of smelting Buch an it has hitherto facked. establishment
works, for the purpose of ex- Wolfram ore, it may be noted,
of the valuable tracting the metal from the ore, is the source mineral element known as tung- might well follow. The fact sten, used as an alloy with steel that a well-known British firm: to form self-hardening steel of mining specialists has agreed tools, and the smelting of this to carry out extensive tests is, motal is now.regarded as one of in itself, distinctly promising, the key industries. The pure and in these days, when general metal is also utilised In the conditions in the Colony are not making of electric lamp fila- all that they might be, it is re- monts. These facts are auf assuring to feel that there seems ficient to indicate the possibili- a reasonable prospect of a now tics of the industry locally.and important industry arising Should large-scale working bein our midst.
be natural, therefore, to assume its presence in the New Terri- tories. Preliminary investiga- tions would appear to bear out this expectation; all that now remains to be ascertained is whother the deposits are To keep them soft and smooth rub on a sufficiently large to warrant the little MILK of ALMONDS,
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the
In their case, the decision was precipitated because of the struggle between the two rival groups of great
vested interests.
accounts for 47 per cent. of the Bud
The Mitsubishi
So far, aggression, while successfu) sht group alone might, for the sake of its foreign financial in a political and military sense, has -looked at economically-proved an interests and out of its desire to main-- tain the gold standard, have attempted expensive luxury. conciliation in the interantional sphere, The cost of the campaign has been hoping to weather the internal storm heavy, and arms expenditure now by an expansion of external trade.
but the Mitsul group,
and get, which gambled
heavily in
By skilful manipulation of the cur and stood to make a fortune out of de rency Japan bas, unlike Germany and the pressure of its Army associates decreasing her export trade, but imports valuation of the yen, and had behind it Italy, succeeded in substantially in- manding a policy of foreign aggression and military glory, seized its oppor- tunity.
It believed that popular discontent at home could best be met by a war of territorial conquest which would pinke the poor forget their misery in a fervour of patriotism, while at the same time bringing to the group itself vast profits out of armament manu- facture.
to provide the raw materials for waY have jumped even more substantially, and she is faced with a considerable adverse balance of international' pay- menta.
*
*
OREOVER, control of Manchuria,
it. though has provided a fresh and remunerative outlet for Japanese banking finance, has failed to bring
full economic advantages
was
anticipated,
While the Government hesitated, the the military took matters into their expected. own hands, and on the sporious excuse Manchuria, it that a Japanese Army captain had would supply Japanese industry with been shot by the Chinese, begun the raw materials, but, although its con military occupation of Manchuria. Aquest has placed substantial coal and few months Inter the Mitsubishi shale oil resources at Japanese com- Government fell, to be replaced by one mand, the other raw materials which dominated by the Mitsui group, which her industries require do not exist netted substantial profits out of the there in any great quantity, new Government's first net, the im- mediate devaluation of the yen.
SIDE GLANCES By George Clark
"But if I wait until I know him better I'might not want to' marry him."
Nor has conquest led to the open- ing up of a new market to the extent hopeil for; there has been no Increase in Manchuria's purchase of textiles and cheap manufactured articles.
Still less has it provided an outlet
agricultural for desplie, the severe crisis within Japen, there been practically no emigration to Manchuria.
has
Now Japanem ambitions are turning to North China. The Mitsubishi in- terests, for example, have their eyes on the Yellow River Valley, which, they believe, could be developed to supply the raw cotton requirements of the textile industry controlled by them.
Even North China will not satisfy Japan. The Dutch East Indies, as sources of petroleum and rubber; Malaya for its rubber and tin; the northern areas of Australia for
settle ment all come within the orbit of the ambitions of her ruling classes. Sooner or later their policy, I carried to its logical conclusion, hust bring› war on a big scale. But for that they are apparently prepared..
War first with the U.S.S.R., and—1f that is successful-a peremptory de mand to Britain and other European. Powers and to the United States to clear out and leave the Eastern world for Japan-that is the ultimate. Į objectivė,
E3
**
*
Sit possible to prevent war n the East? That *question
provides the new World Conference at once with its most difficult task and its greatest opportunity, For if Japan cannot somehow be convinced that war cannot pay and at the-same time be assured of legitimate eco- Įnomic expansion through peaceful means, war will undoubtedly re- fault..
And a big war in the East would, in view of the International Interests In- volved; mean a world war in which neither we nor any other great Power". would be able to keep clear,