6
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPHI, FRIDAY, APRIL 3, 1980.
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The
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FRIDAY, APRIL 3, 1936.
COLONY HUNT: 1936
GERMANY
POLAND
SARDINIA
A
By Lionel Birch
Economic Intelligence Officer, League of Nations Union
Italy leaves land uncultivated in Sardinia while
she fights in Abyssinia
or
Germany,
NE recalls the reported worde
ONE
of Mussolini to the French Ambassador laat autumn: "If you brought me Abyssinia on a allver plate I would not accept It; for I am resolved to take it by force."
While Jand is lying un- cultivated not only in Sardinia but also in Italy itself, we can hardly say that Italy is over- No doubt after populated. much coaching, the Italians have come to feel over-popu- Inted. And it is important to distinguish between a real and an imaginary over-popula- tion problem; not because the imaginary problem is likely to provide a less potent incitement to fight, but because the two. problems demand a different kind of solution.
Even assuming that Italy were really over-populated, she could not ense her troubles by conquering Ethiopia.
her surplus population, ignoring the fact that the number of Germans accommodated in 1913 by the German colonics was about 18,000.
The same sort of thing is true of Germany. Some Germans domand the return of the ex- or ary emphasis in 1926, when, German colonies, because Ger- CASUAL paragraph in one help Italy,
of the evening papers last Japan or Poland. Colonies never after returning from a visit to many must have an outlet for week informed people in Eng- have helped these countries North Africa, he remarked: land that Poland finds she can- much, in any material sense,
"We are hungry for land be not possibly do without a colony, Colonies never helped Germany
First Italy, Japan and Ger- to obtain, on specially favour- cause we are prolific and intend many, and now Poland. One able terms, any considerable to remain so.". begins to wonder where, and amount of raw materials. In The colonial problem is highly more particularly how, this 1913 sisal hemp was the only complex.
commodity imported into Ger- process will stop.
It has many ingredients-the
The spectacle of, for instance, (48 It is possible to point out, of many from her colonies which
constituted more than 8 per desire for contral
desire for course, that a colony wouldn't cent of the total value of the opposed to the
Britain saying to Italy or Ger-
commodity so imported.
access to) the sources of raw many: "Anyone who likes is get raw materials, the desire to obtain at liberty to go and assured foreign markets, the materials from our colonies," be determined whether NOTES OF THE DAY BEFORE the war Germany fed feeling or the fact of being over- and leaving it at that, is not
unlike
spectacle of it a large part of her popula- crowded, the graving for pres- wealthy industrialist saying to
GERMANY'S TERMS
So complicated and hedged about with reservations as they are, the German proposals for the pacification of Europe de- mand the closest scrutiny before it can they are likely to be productive
of concrete results. It is, how-AUSTRIA'S TURN ever, clear, both from the tone
*
*
*
over
Nevertheless, the matter can- not be left where it is.
1
tion with food from oversens ter- tige.
n bankrupt competitor: "Ánу ritory which she did not need to
Of all these, the feeling or the one is at liberty to walk into of the memorandum and from Dr. Kurt Schuschnigg has an own; and but for the interven- certain constructive proposals nounced his country's intention lotion of the war she could have fact of being overcrowded is the Ritz Hotel and order a din- liable to provide the most ner there." Very likely they reorganize its fighting forces and continued to do this.
But it is as well for them advanced, that there
effective pretext for another are. are ele-to create an Army whose strength
From the point of view of raw war. "We must fight or to have some money with which ments in the document which, if is far beyond the limit set by the
are very starve!" The idea is splen- to pay the bill. explored to the full, might well post-war protocols. governing these materials, colonies
matters. But we do not feel dis seldom the right colonies. An didly suited to the perorations form a busis for further deli-posed to criticise. Of all the overwhelming proportion of the of the big chieftains. What berations. Doubtless the next Central Powers. Austria has prob-most important raw materials, truth is there in it? step will be to seek clucidation ably had greatest cause for com-
of
best to become so.
to
chase.
*
鼎
GERMANY and Italy have no money to pay the bill. They plalat since the close of hostilities coal, copper, cotton, iron
Are Germany and Italy, in are quite at liberty to walk up of various points raised, in in 1918, and yet has been one of ore, petroleum and steel, are
She has been produced mainly from terri- fact, over-populated? It is easy to the British Empire and order which connection it is fore-the most amenable.
like. But they cannot pay for shadowed that Britain will most torn by revolt; she has suffered tories other than colonial terri- to see that they have done their as much rubber or tin as they
horrible episodes of civil strife; torics.
it. They have equal oppor- likely proceed along these lines, she has starved. But always she
Mussolini has deliberately re- tunity of purchase; but they Italy, for instance, obtains Much of the German reply is hua trodden carefully, and since baken up with a defence of the the present political alignment hardly any raw materials from stricted emigration, instituted have not equal ability to pur
positive inducements re-occupation of the Rhineland commenced functioning, she has colonial territories controlled by bachelor taxes, offered all sorts
Colonial of the great acted in all affairs with commend-one
The reason is precisely be- and the denunciation of the ablo diplomacy. All about her Empires. Italy's raw materials potential parents, instigated a Locarno Pact. In these res-great fighting forces have grown are obtained chiefly from other vehoment journalistic campaign cause there is not an equal right
against birth control.
for Germany and Italy to sell: pects, the Note adds nothing to", notably beyond the Car Sovereign States.
firstly to the particular colo- pathians, and to the south and
And why does Mussolini nies or countries from which it the already known attitude of north as well. With the re-arma- True, these cold facts do not the German Government. So ment of Germany an accomplished prevent Italy from continuing punctuate his complaints. that desires to import, and, secondly, far as the making of a definite fact, and probably with Italian to demand colonial territory as the country is already over to other countries, by means of But populated with demands for "a which it could discharge its in- at this stage is conceived no great risk in announcing perhaps, by this, Italy means maximum
support in prospect, Austria per "an economic necessity."
of birtha"? The debtedness. In a tariff-ridden cerned, all that Germany is the reorganisation of her defence that she must have an outlet for reason seems to be that, some world, equality of access to raw where around 1926, Mussolini materials is a barren privilege. prepared to do is to refrain from forces. It is probable Hungary her surplus population? increasing her military strength will attempt to do likewise. We must admit that what is fair for
gesture
રી
It is as though we were say- ing about the dissatisfied nations: "We are perfectly willing to allow other countries to have aur raw materials,
By George Clark provided that they can pay for
was seized with the notion that Signor Mussolini put this the Italians were race of in the Rhineland and from
| one seems likewise fair for an- moving her troops nearer to the other, and yet the feelings of the point of view with his custom- unique virility. frontier, provided France and Little Entente must be considered Belgium are willing to act and it would be folly to allow a
situation to develop which might SIDE GLANCES similarly. This, in effect, means create serious tension in the that Germany takes the stand Balkans if, by some simple remedy, It is time that the fail accompli with that the security and sovereignty
it could be prevented.
which she dramatically faced of these lesser European states her neighbours recently cannot were re-insured in order that they be modified in any way. Be-do not grow hysterical and rush to
arm themselves and thus add to; garding the denunciation of the the already dangerous turmol of Locarno Pact, it is stated that European politics; and perhaps Germany would have been pre-precipitate the very contingency pured to respect its provisions they hope to guard againat. if the other signatories had done] =
of!
so, but the point that it has not in Germany's good faith, re- yet been determined by anybody. sulting from unilateral denun-) except Germany, that the ciation of treatles, is apparently Franco-Soviot Treaty is an in-answered by the proposal that
international fringement of that Pact is com- an
court pletely ignored. It is true that arbitration should have compe- the League has decided that tence in respect of the obser-
of Germany is guilty of a breach vance
any. agreements of treaty, but that, it is worth reached, its decision to be final. noting, was not the point sug-In the face of this suggestion, gested for reference to the it is not easy to appreciate Gor Hague Court, which
was many's disinclination to submit whether not the Franco-the Franco-Soviet Pact to the Soviet agreement justified Ger-Hague. But if there are many man denunciation of the Locar aspects of the German reply no understanding. Although which need clarification, and no mention is made of Russia whilst the absence of a definite in the Note, it remains clear contribution is regrettable, that Germany is still deter- there will be a widespread hope mined to leave the Soviet out of that the proposals will be any discussions or agreements further explored, with the envisaged--a course which dominant objective of achieving makes it difficult to see how any the main aims which the Ger-¡ lasting European accord can be man Government professes to be expected. Loss of confidence its policy.
OT
"Hey, Eddie, shall we chargo admission for Annie's lttlo brother?
them. But they cannot pay for them.
If the countries of the world were to abolish their preferen- tial, and lower their protective, tariffs, the whole economic basis of the dissatisfied coun- tries' complaint would be re- moved. On the other hand, it may be doubted whether these countries would be satisfied by any such technical equity.
*
题
WHAT seems to have happen- ed is that in Germany and Italy a certain number of in- fluential people have made up their minds that, for reasons private to themselves, they must have colonies. The over-popula- tion cry and the complaint about access to raw materials look very much like polite after- thoughts.
Colonies, to some people, sp- pear in the
same light as diamond rings and pearl neck- laces. The people next door have colonies. The Joneses have, colonies. Thon why not we? In essence it's a matter of prestige.
It's all very well for people who own half the diamonds in the world to say, "There's no Thing in diamonds," It's now attitude to diamonds that we'll be needing. And a new, attitude to colonies.
A