CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS
25 WORDS $1.50 for 3 DAYS PREPAID 50 cents for Every Additional Day
Alternate Insertions 20% Extra.
If Not Prepaid a Booking Fee of 50 cents is Charged.
FOUND
FOUND-At 11 Mile Beach, pair please apply spectacles, Owner Manager, "8. C. M. Post."
ROOMS TO LET
ROOMS TO LET.-Clareniunt Hotel begs to announce that they have few rooms available at $100 per month,
TRUTH ABOUT THE
BRITISH NAVY
(Continued from Page 0.)
THE VERY IDEA!
(Continued from Page 8.)
shall forward it to My Lords, as it outvies oven our best Navy issue rum in promoting the fighting spirit.
1
The people here do be very clannish, carrying their clan spirits to extremes. The talpan clan live in colossal matsheds upon the top of the mountain, and are very hostile to the Kowloon clan, which speak another dialect entirely.
I hope in my next report, My Lords, to give you nowe of further expeditions, particularly to notorious pirate lair, known as lee
In their beds if they could open all their asinine cars to its full House street. meaning and menace.
In the meantime, as the Pando (mail carrier is awaiting this Wo have two million men un- employed. We can find work for despatch I have the honour to Your humble EDWARD them if we make up our sluggish subscribe myself.
and obedient servant.
minds to rebuild our dying Navy: KELLY PHILLIPA. R.N.
Our idle boys would flock eagerly
not
to the Fleet and the shipyards and general election, and an Empire the blast furnaces and the heavy Navy to keep the seas and the Iron and steel trades, which are narrow scas for our merchant ali rotting into decay,
ships and our traders and our food The millions would be supplies in time of foreign wars, wasted. They would provide work now visible on the sea-line. and wages for all sorts of trades. Į
back to the son Britain! Go They would give our workers fresh and let Europe go to blares if she hope and fresh life.
wants to. That is my broadside Money is dirt cheap. It is there for your weak stomachs and fat for the asking. Our Investors bellies. You can like It or lump would whoop for joy and pourit, my hearties! their idle money into a national Navy loan.
A dose of salt water will do you good! I give you back the Nelson The nation would save itself by touch! I fly the old signal:- saving the Navy. The Navy would
"England expects that every save the nation from the thicken-man this day will do his duty" ing perils that hover over Europe. If the politicians bar the way, Let us have Empire Free Trade any, in fearless Jacky Fisher's and Splendid Isolation before the words, "Sack the lot!"
WASSENENADIONNADADADADABRENGASASUTADATAONAVALANANA STENDAWILKOWICIOBANEMONOMIAOM
SWAN, CULBERTSON & FRITZ
Investment bankers and brokers in accurities and commodities Daily New York and London Stock Exchange Service. Commodity Futures on the principal American markets
Members of:
New York Cotton Exchange. Chicago Board of Trade,
Commodity Exchange, Inc.
(Bliver, Rubber, Sük, Copper, Hides and Tin). New York Coffee and Sugar Exchange, Canadian Commodity Exchange Inc.
Winnipeg Grain
Exchange.
Manila Stock Exchange.
Correspondents. for Hayden, Stone & Co.
Telephone: 30244, 30245, 80246. Cable Address: Swanstock
9, Queen's Road Central
(Corner of Ice House Etreet).
AEROMAIL
Facsimile of
Watermark
SPECIAL
REDUCE YOUR
AIR MAIL CHARGES
BY USING
THE "POST" AEROMAIL LETTER PAPER
AND ENVELOPES.
EXTREMELY LIGHT AND STRONG
ON SALE AT:—
THE SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, LTD. Wyndham St.
Tel. 26615.
PADS CONTAINING 100 SHEETS, LETTER SIZE, $1.00 ENVELOPES IN 3 SIZES; $1.75 TO $2.75 PER. 100. SMALLER QUANTITIES ALSO AVAILABLE.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH WEDNESDAY,
AUGUST
1935.
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
THE HONGKONG LAND ́INVESTMENT & AGENCY CO., LTD.
AN INTERIM DIVIDEND of ONE DOLLAR per share for the six months ended 30th June, 1835, will be payable on TUESDAY, 20th August, on which date Dividend Warrants may be obtained on
the application at
Company's Offkes, a Chater Road..
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the REGISTER OF SHARES of the Company will be CLOSED from THURSDAY, 8th August, to MONDAY, 19th August (both days inclusive) during which period no transfer of shares can be regis- tered.
By Order of the Board of
Directors. 0. EAGER,
Secretary.
Hongkon 1st August, 1935.
HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION.
IT IS HEREBY NOTIFIED that an Interim Dividend of £2.10.0 per Sharo, subject to deduction of In- come Tax, has been declared for the HALF YEAR ending 30th June, 1935, at the rate of 2/2.1 per Dollar.
оп
THE DIVIDEND will be payable and after MONDAY, 12th AUGUST 1935, at the offices of the Corporation, whore Shareholders aro requested to apply for War- ranta.
THE REGISTER OF SHARES of be closed the Corporation will from MONDAY 29th to SATUR DAY 10th AUGUST (both days in- clusive) during which peried no transfer of shares can be regis- tered.
By Order of the Board of Directors.
V. M. GRAYBURN,
Chief Manager. Hongkong, 10th July, 1935.
THE HONG KONG SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF CHILDREN.
What to do to help a child.
Anyone knowing of a child who has been zesnultod, neglected or II-treated in a manner likely to Cause unnecessary suffering or Injury to health, or knowing of a parent who is seeking advice on any matter concerning a child, would be doing an net of kindness by communicating at once with- The Hon. Secretaries, H.K.S.P.C. c/o G.P.O. Box No. 518, Hongkong. or the Inspector, 49 Pokfulum Road, 1st floor; or the Inspector. 242, Lockhart Road, lat floor; or the Inspector, 12, Sai Yeung Chol Street, 1st floor, Kowloon.
All further stopa will be taken, and
borne, by the expenses Society.
The Informant's name will be kapt strictly private, except in cases where malice is proved.
RADIO BROADCAST
(Continued from Page ?.)
C. P. Battlacombe, 1.8.8. 7.15 p.m. Charles Manning and his or
chestra. THE p.m. The B.I.C. Midland Orchestra: lendar, Alfred Cave: conducted
by 1. Porter Clack.
Greenekh Time Signal at 12 Noon 8.20 p.m. An Organ Reeltal by 9. II.
Peasgood.
9.15 p.m. The Birmingham Hippodrome
Orchestra, 9.45 5.m. Close dab,
SHARE PRICES
The following is the list of focal share quotations issued this morning.
Transmission 3 (0.8.0. 10-11,48 p.m.1 0.8.E. 10 p.m.-1 am.j Q.A.B. 12-1 KM)
10 p.m. Fig Ben, "And Summer's Jaman
bath 11 L
dale"
abert
(Shakespeare). A programme af summer music. The B.3.C. Empire Orchestra.
11 p.m. Another aemion of "The Cha
Cos-Nedia Chik**
11.45 p.m. The Northampton New, Theatre
Orchwire.
12.15 am. The Coirie Sharpe Sextet,
Greenwich Time Signal ni 4.39 pan - 12.30 KM. The News. 12.45 mm. The Coirie
Bextat
(cont').
Sharpe
Transmission - 4
1a.m. Close down.
(G.B.B. and G.D.)
1.16 ..
PART 1
Big Bone The News ––
Greenwich Time Signal at_T_public;
1 kau "The Purple Päev" 17 B. G.
X45 cm The B.B.C. Miltary_Band.
“Gromwick Time Signal at 3 pm. 43% 636. Another Bomben, of "The One
Cow-Noodia CaX"
3 mm Close down.
PART II
5.13 a.m. The 1.B.C. Orehazte (Betha C.) In The News,
4.15 am. Danes Music.
8.4% a.m
Clan de
CANTON AGENTS
for
The
Honotony Eriegraph.
WM. FARMER & CO. Victoria Hotel_Building Shameen, Canton.
Tel. 13501:5
Banka.
H.K. Banks, $1,050 cum. div ́n. H.K. Banks, (Lon. Reg.),
2105 ex, div. n. Chartered Bank, £13 Mercantile Bank, A. and B.
£811⁄4 1.
.
Mercantile Bank C., £18 ¤. East Asia Bank,
Insurances.
Canton Ins., 8203 n. Union Ins., $970 b. China Underwriters, 10 cts. n. China Fire, $882 n. H.K. Fire Ins.. $200 n. Internat'i Aseco., 8h. $4 n.
Shipping.
Dougian, $30 n. H.K. Steamboats, §4 n. Indo-Chines, (Préf.), 380 n. Indo-Chinas (Dof.), $12 n. Sholl (Boorer), 74/4 n. Union Waterboats, $11% n.
Mining.
Antamoks, 74 cts. b. Balatoes, $18 n.
Baguio Gold, 22cts. n. Benguet Consolidat), $12.20 n. Benguet Exp., 12 cts. n. Benguet Goldfield, 10 cts. n. Big Wedge, 8 ctx. n. Gold Creek, 30 cts. n. Gold River 5 cts, n. Ipo Mining, 90 cts. n. Itogons, 36 cts. n. Saincot, 12 cts. n. Kailan, 12/6 n.
Langkats (Single), $14 n. Shai Explorations, Sh. $4 ¤ S'hai Loans. Sh. $51⁄4 n. Rauba, $7.25 n. Venz: Goldfeld $2.30 n.
Docks etc. H.K. Wharves (old), $78 n. H.K. Wharves (now), $74% n. H.K. Docks, $631⁄2 n. Providents (old), 85 cts, n. Providents (new), 29 cts, n. Hongkowa (old), Sh. $240 n. New Engineerings, Sh. 84 n. Shanghai Docks, Sh. $78 n.
Colton Mills.
Ewo Cottons, Sh. $7 n. S'hal Cottons (old), Sh, $65 n. S'hai Cottons (new), Sh. $40 n. Zoong Singe, $81⁄2 n.
Wing On Textiles, Sh. $25 n-
Lands. Hotels, etc.
II. and S. Hotels, $3.80 n. H.K. Lands $29 b. Land 4% $100 n.
H.K.
debentures,
n.
S'hai Landa. Sh. $20 Metropolitan Landa, Sh. $10 n. Humphreys, $8.10 n. H.K, Realties, $4 n. Chinese Estates, $88 n. China Realties, Sh. $4 n. China Debentures Sh. $123 n.
Public Utilities.
H.K. Tramwaya, $12.50 b. Peak Trams, (old), $7% n. Peak Trams, (new), $5 D. Star Ferries, $76 b. Yaumat! Ferries, (old), $17.00
п.
China Lights, $8.50 b. HK, Electric, $574 b. Macao Electric, $221⁄2 n. Sandakan Lights, $3 a Telephone (old), $20,85 n. Telephone (new), $8.20 n. China Buses, Sh. 811% n. Singapore Tractions, 10/6 b. Singapore Pref. 22/6 b.
Industrials
Malabon Sugars, $8.50 n. Cald: Macg. (old), Sh. $19 Caid: Macg. (Pref.), Sh. 813 Canton Ices, $1.80.
Cement (Converted), $44 8. H.K. Ropes, $2. n.
Stores, &c. Dairy Farm, $15.40 s. Watson, $3.86 n. Lane Crawfords, $3 n. Mackintoshs, $7 n. Sinceres, $470 n. Wm. Powells, 70 cts, n. Wing On (H.K.), 855 n.
LOCAL OBSERVATORY. CORRECT
BUT PRESSURE LOW
NEAR HONGKONG ›
The Royal Observatory was evidently correct in Its statement, yesterday that only one typhoon, and not two, as reported from Manila, had formed in the China Sea. This morning, reporting at 11 am, the Manila Observatory mentiona only one disturbance, this being situate in about 116 Long, 24 Lat., moving west. The position is west, of Swatow.
The Royal Observatory. In its weather report to-day, states that the trough of low pressure .con- tinues to move slowly westward, pressure being lowest about 100 miles to the E.N.E. of Hongkong.
The local forecast for to-day Is: West to 3.1. winds, moderate, freshening inter;'squally; cloudy;
rain,
AN INTRUDER AT SHEK-O
DOGS GIVE THE ALARM
Barking
dogs prevented Chinese from entering 9 Shek-0.
Mr. the residence of
E. J. R. Mitchell, in the early hours of yesterday, when Mr. Mitchell found the man standing in the grounds near the verandah.
POST
OFFICE.
CHARGES FOR TELEGRAMS
It is hereby notified that from the First day of August 1935, the charges for telegrams will be collected at the rate of Dollar 0.65 to equal Gold Frane 1.00.
GOVERNMENT EXAMINATION IN WIRELESS
An examination for the Hongkong Government Certificate of Pro- ficiency in Wireless Telegraphy, 2nd Class (Restricted), will be held at the Government Wireless School, 1st Floor, G. P. Q. commencing on August. 15, 1935. Applications for permission to attend must reach the abov addreas not later than August 8.
GOVERNMENT WIRELESS SCHOOL
A Refresher Course in Wireless Telegraphy (Theoretical, practical and telegraphy) will be commenced at the Government Wireless School, 1st Floor, G.PO, about the middle of September next, for existing holders of "Special A." Certificates wishing to qualify for the 2nd Class (Restricted) Certificates. The course is expected to last about two months, and will be limited to twelve candidatos. The usual School fee of $10. per month will be payable. Applications for admission to the Course must reach the above address before the end of August. The exact date Refresher Courses will bo of commencement will be notified Inter. repeated at convenient Intervals during the next twelve months for the benefit of those who cannot be included in the above course.
IMPERIAL AIRWAYS VIA SINGAPORE Bandoeng-Amsterdam via Singapore: Balgon-Marseilles
via Balgon: Bingapore-Australia' Corresponderca will be accepted for transmission by these Ber- vices. Rates and all particulars are shown in the schedules exhibited at the Post Ofces. All letters etc. must be marked "By Air Mail" and be handed in at a Post Office,
VIA SIBERIA ROUTE
Letters and postcards for Europe and South America are for warded via Siberia" if so superscribed.
Japan
Shanghai
Australia and Manila Shanghal
Tsushima Maru
Huichow
Changte
INWARD MAILS
0
Japan...
Shanghai and Swatow
Melbourne Maru Shantung
August
August
Japan and Shanghal
Tatauta Maru
August
August
August 8.
August 9.
August 9.
August 9.
.August 9.
Pres. Coolidge
August 9.
Pres, Jackson
August 9.
Ginyo Maru
.August 10.
Canton
Brought before Mr. Schofleld at the Central Magistracy this morn- ing, the man, Wong Yu-wing, 24, unemployed, was sentenced to two months hard labour on a charge of being found on the premises and being unable to give a satisfactory account.
Sergeant Groves prosecuted and stated that when defendant was unable to explain his presence, Mr. Mitchell locked him in the conlroom and then called for the police.
FLYING CLUB LIQUIDATION
NO QUORUM AT MEETING
No quorum was formed at a meeting of members of the Hong- kong Flying Club called for noon to-day at Messrs. Lowe, Bingham & Matthews' office.
Only Mr. E. M. Bryden, C.A.. joint liquidator, and the Press were present.
The meeting was called to receive the final report and accounts, of the joint liquidators which 'will now go forward to the Government. It will be remembered that mem- bera agreed to relinquish claim to all assets the Club might have when it was voluntarily wound up and," failing a formation of a similar Club before November, 1935, the assets are to be passed on to the Government.
INDECENT ASSAULT
n. UNEMPLOYED
n.
Miscellaneous. Amusements, $1.85 p. H.K. Entertainments, $4 n. S. C. Enterprise $1.35 n. Macas "Greyhounds," $2 n. Constructions (old), $1.10 n. Constructions (new), 25 cta. 11. Vibro Filing, $4 n. Ch. Govt. 6% 1025 G. & Bonds
90% n II.K. Govt. 45% Loan 64%
prem. b.
H.K. Govt.. 3% Loan 1%
prem. n.
Wallace Harpers,
THE CHEER-O CLUB
WHIST DRIVE WELL PATRONISED
ACTOR
SENTENCED
Six months' imprisonment was the sentence passed by Mr. Macfadyen at the Central Magis- tracy this morning on Yu Suen- Jung, aged 28, unemployed actor, on a charge of Indecently assault- Ing Mrs. E. Cleme on Saturday.
Inspector M. Murphy stated that i Mrs. Clemo was walking with a friend in Queen's Road Central, near the China Emporium, when defendant came up and indecently assaulted her and pushed her off the footpath. Mrs. Clemo then turned round and slapped him in the face.
The Inspector added that the same lady was assaulted in a simi- lar way some time ago, and other European ladies had also been treated in the same way.
SHANGHAI DISTRESS
NANKING ASKED TO GIVE ASSISTANCE
Nanking, Aug. 6.. Delegates of the various IC- torles in Shanghai headed by Messrs. Chang Tse-lion and Pang A very suecaasful whist drive | Chih-chun arrived bere from was held at the Choer O Club Shanghai a few days ago, and call- last night, ten tables competing, ed on the Central Kuomintang, the and at the close of play Mrs. | Legislative Yuan and the Ministries Hance diatributed the prizes.
of War and Industries this morn- The following wore the winners: Ing to petition the Central authori- Ladies: 1. Mrs. Price, 140: 2. tles for immediate measures to Mrs. Bowles 139.
relieve the present depressed busi- The hidden number prize was ness conditions In Shanghai cat for by Mrs. Hills, Mrs. Edge | Central News Agency. and Mrs. Jones, the last named
Japan and Shanghai
Japan
Manila
and Shanghal
U.S.A., Canada, Japan and Shang-
hai (Seattle, 20th July)
Salgon
Japan Haiphong
Straits Shanghai
Japan
Shanghai Manila *Straite
Canada, U.S.A., Japan and Shang
hai (Vancouver B.C., 27th July) Calcutta and Straits
Amay
Shanghal
Japan and Shanghai
Straits and London Parcela (London
11th July).
For
Conto Verdo General Lee Kalsar-L-Hind
Chenonceaux Diomed Agamemnon Noshiro Maru
12.
August 11. August 11. August August 13. August 19. August 18.
Porthos
Potsdam
August 18,
Yasukuni Maru
August 13.
Emp. of Russia
August 14.
Kutsong
.August 14.
Penang Maru
..August 14.
Atuta Maru
.August 16.
Delagon Maru
August 16
Santhia
August 15.
Bhutan
August 10,
Haruna Mars
August 10.
August 16.
Date and Tee
Patroclus OUTWARD MAILS
Samshul and Wuchow Australia and New Zealand
Brisbane.
Per Wednesday.
...... Kong Ning ..........
via Melbourne Maru
(Duo Brisbane, 21st August).
Haiphong
Wed., Aug. 7, 4 p.m. ............ Wed., Aug. 7, ...Aug. 7, 3 p.m. Aug. 7, 3.45 p.m. .Aug. 7, 4.30 p.m.
Parcels Rog., Letters, Com. Herri Riviere
Thursday,
Amoy Straits Amoy and Formosa vin Swatow.. Fukuken Mara Holhow, Pakhol and Haiphong -Shanghai, Japan and Europe
Siberia,
Wed., Aug. 7, 5 p.m.
Tjinegara Thurs., Aug. 8, 8.80 a.m. Van Heutaz Thurs, Aug. 8, 9.30 a.m.
Thurs., Aug. 8, 10.80 m. .... Prominent Thurs., Aug. 8, 10.30 a.m.
vla Naldera........Thurs., Aug. 8, -10.530-a.m.---
Fukukon Maru
Amoy and Formosa via Swatow ....
Swatow Bangkok
Straits Saigon
Thura, Aug, 8, 10.30 ans, Hydrangea. Thurs., Aug. 8, 3 p.m. Pronto .....
Thurs, Aug. 8, 3.30 p.m. Hai Lee....Thurs., Aug. 8, 5.30 p.m.
Lyeemoon...Thurs., Aug. 8, & p.m..
Friday.
Shan, hai, Japan, Honolulu, Canada, Erap, of Canada ................Fri, Aug. 9,
U.S.A., C. and B. America and *Europe vis Vancouver B.C., (Parcels for Canada only).
Parcels, .......Aug. 8, 5 p.m. Reg, ...................Aug. 9, 9.15 mana Letters, Aug. 9, 10 am, Kwangtung ........Fri., Aug, 0, 1 p.m.
...Fri., Aug. B. '';
(Dus, Vancouver B.C., 28th August). Hoihow, Pakhol and Haiphong.... Letters for "Bandoeng-Amsterdam Conte Verde
Air Mall Berrice"
Due Amsterdam, 19th August.) К. Р. О.
Reg.,
..Aug. 9, 1 p.m.
Letters....Aug. 9, 1.30 p.m.
G. P. O. Reg., ..Aug. 9, 1.30 p.m.
Letters,
....Ang. 9, 2 p.m,
..Fri, Aug. 9.
Swatow, Amoy and Feochow.......... Haiyang ................Fri., Aug. 9, 2 p.m. Straits. Cdylon, India, Mauritius, E. Conte Verds
and S. Africa, Egypt and Europe via Brindisi.
(Due Brindisi, 30th August).
K. P. O. Reg.Aug. 9, 1.80 p.m. Laitors, ...Aug. 9, 1.30 p.m.
•Straits and *Calcutta
G. P. O.
Reg..
Lattern,
Kumsang
Letters
Parcels ....Aug, 1, 2.00 p.m. 7 Shanghai, Japan, Honolulu, USA Pres. Coolidge
C. and 8. America, Canada and *Europe via San Francisco
Europe via Siberia. (Duo San Francisco, 28th August). Manila
.Aug. 9, 2.15 p.m. Aug. 9. 8 p.m. Wed., Aug. 7. Aug. 9, 8.00 p.m. .Fri., Aug. 9.
.Aur. 9, 8 p.m. .Aug. 9, 4.15-p.m. .Aug. 1.5 p.m.
and
Parcels,
Reg. Letters,
General Lee ... Saturday
Fri, Aug. 9, 6 p.m. August 10,
Australia (except places North of Kalsar-I-Hind
Brisbane) and Now Zealand via (To connect with the s.a. "Nieuw- Singapore and Brisbane--due to Zealand" at Singapore:
leaving arrive, Brisbane, on 21st August. Singapore, en 16th August,) ..
Reg., August 10, 8.45_am Letters, August 10, 9.30 a.m Letters for "Imperial Airways Ber- Kalsar-1-Hind
vice"
(Due London, 26th August,)
Reg.
Letters,
LEQ
......Ang. 9, 4.30 pm. .Aug. 10, 9 K.m.
Reg.
Letters
Letters for "Singapore-Australia Kaisar-I-Wind
Air Mail Bervico"
(Dae Darwin,_20th August.)
Rég
K. P. 0.
„Bat, Aug. 10.
GP.Q
....Aug. 10, 3. Ha -Aug. 10, 9.30 a.m. Sat Aug, 10
G. P. O.
Letters,
Reg. (Aug. 9, 4.59 p.m. ; Letters, Lib. Aug. 10, 9 a.m. Straits, Ceylon, India, Mauritius, E. Kaisar-1-Hind
and 8. Africa, Aden, Egypt and
Europe via Marseillai. (Due Marseilles, 6th
Parcels, Rog Letters,
K.ptember),
Aug. 10, 9 KM, „Aug. 10, 9.30 M.EL. „Bat., Aug, 10%
G. P. O.
.Aug. 0, 4.30 pm. Parcels, ..Aug. 0, 6 pat
.Aug. 10, 9 a.m..
Reg., Aug. 10, 9.45 am. ......Aug. 10, 10 s.m. ̧ Letters, ..Aug. 10, 10.80 ́.
Pres. Jackson Sat, Aug. 10, 480- p.m. Sunday.
Canton Mara Bung Aug. 11, 9 mm; Muinam...Sung, Aug. 11, 9'am... Shantung. Sun., Aug, 11, 0 a.m.
Manila Swatow, Amoy and Formosa Hoihow Messrs. Benjamin and Potts re- Foochow Men: 1. Mr. A. E. Medins, 149; ceived the following selling and buy 2, Mr. Fisk, Mr. Fergusson and ing rates from their Manila Agents Mr. Hodgson, tied with a score this morning: Banguet Consols.,
Winning.
Bwatow and Bangkok
"Haiphong
Monday..
Kwelyang- Mon, Aug. 12, 18.30 p.m.
- Mon, Aug 19, 1 pm.
of 145. The cut was won by Mr. 12.20, 12410 Antamoks, 81, 13: Fort Bayard, Holbow, Pakbel and G. G. Paul Doumer Ferguson." The hidden number Bagulo Golds, 28, 35; Gold Rivers; priss was won by Mr, D. Williams, 5, 40
persertbad correspondence only, J
Page 15Page 16