THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. THURSDAY, JUNE
1935.
EMPIRE EMIGRATION
IN REVIEW
NO QUICK CURE FOR UNEMPLOYMENT
By John Coatman Formerly of London University
London.
Talk of Empire emigration is in the air again. Visiting Prime Ministers have referred to it, and dis- cussion is once more becoming busy about the best way of carrying it on in the future.
It must be admitted that much of the organised emi- gration of postwar years has not had the results which were hoped for, despite lavish expenditure by the Govern ments of this country and of the various Dominions con- cerned,
We know, too, that large numbers of British men and women have been deported during the lean years of slump from one or other of the Dominions, notably Canada, to which they had gone. It is necessary, therefore, to examine the problem afforded by migration in the light of modern conditions, and see if we can come to any useful conclusions,
Our experience of the years; millions of British subjects emi- since 1929 has repented with over-rated to the United States of whelming force the truth that emi Americo, financed there by the en- gratlon needs the stimulant of ormous British investments in prosperity, It is most brisk when every department of American trade is prosperous and employ economic activity. We may oover, ment is good-particularly, of again have the investable surpluses course, in the countries to which of the golden days of the past. We the umigrants go. Further, emi-ball certainly not have the con- gration is not, and nover has been, tinuous large population growth of a quick cure for unemployment. the nineteenth century. It behoves The best emigrants are those who, therefore, to expend both our are welcomed in the countries to money and our men as wisely as
possibile, which they go because of their per somal qualities and capacity to make Both for safety, and for scope of good. They aro, in fact, precisely employment, the British Empire to the men and women who most day presents as attractive an outlet easily secure, employment in their for British capital as any other own country. The unemployables, part of the world. Without enter- and the more or less regularly un-ing into any involved economic employed, must always remain as argument, we may take it as an problem to the country of their axiom that new investment, at any .domicile,
FIRST CONCLUSION
.
rate, can be canalised, and it is in the interests of this country and the Empire that our new invest- pients should be directed, as far as
Our first conclusion, then, is that prosperous conditions in the over-is technically possible, into Empire Rear British countries are the channels. necessary condition precedent to
By doing this we shall in the last
the resumption of the flow of resort be exporting not only enpi-
◄ emigration from
these shores. And this leads us on to considera ttons of some importance. All our overseas Dominions find themselves - mainly-or, in the case of Canada,
very largely dependent on this: country for their prosperity. We.]
tal, but men and women to become British citizens in another part of the King's Dominions.
ILL-FOUNDED FEARS
Fears have been expressed that,
in our turn, are becoming steadily we shall he umble, because of our'
more dependent on their marketat.... for our prosperity.
These conditions are not likely to alter in the near future. On the contrary, the trend of International -economic relations-is-such-ns to confirm and strengthen them, and it is the settled policy of our own. and the other Empire countries,; to increase by Government, action) the volume of Inter-Imperial ex- changes.
This is a case in which sentiment and self-interest go quite a long way together. for the more we con- tribute to the prosperity of the British countries beyond the sens, the easier we make it for them to receive British men and women as Immigrants,
PROVIDING MARKETS But providing markets in this country for Empire produce is not the whole of the economic story. The young, growing nations over- sous must be all the time improv ing, extending and generally deve- loping their economic equipment of all sorts. In order that they may be able to do this, a constant stream of capital must be directed towards them. Clearly, it is the function of this country to supply the capital required.
During the nineteenth century,
4711.
The Duke of Devonshire had
man
narrow escape from death when two bullets, fired by macked
from nearby bushes, narrowly missed him. The Duke was fishing on hi Careyville estate near Cork in
Ireland, at the time.
Watt-
creme"
The above photographs were taken at Nanking when Mr. A. Ariyoshi presented his credentials an Japanese Ambarındor. In the upper photograph, Mr. Ariyoshi and party are shown entering the Government building, while below is reen the Japanese Ambassador and these who attended" him. Rending from right to left they are: Commander Kitaura, Japanese Naval attache at Nanking; Mr. M. Arino, Second secretary of the Japanese Emb11y; Mr. Horiuchi, First Secretary of the Embassy;" Mr. A. Ariyoshi, Japanese Ambassadors Rear-Admiral Sato, Japanese Naval Attachos Mr. Y. Suma, Japanese Consul-General in Nanking and first Pecretary of Embassy: Colonel Amomlya, Japanese military attache in Nanking,
Robert Rohme, Austrian-born
Englishman, was recently son.
tenced to 18 months' imprison-
mant by German court in
Berlin for "making grossly in
sulting remarks about Horr
Hitler, the German nation and German women," According to
a letter to his wife in London,
however, Rohme intimated he
soon may be reunited with his family.
The 5.5. Yung Yoo belonging to the Italo-Chinese River Navigat tion Company was wrecked in the Wushan Gorge of the Upper Yang- tre on May 31. The vessel was travelling at full speed on the down- ward voyage when she struck submerged rocks about seventy miles above Ichang, umashing a large hole in the forward section of bør hull. In an endeavour to beach the vessel Captain Ferranzo put her hard about and succeeded in getting her nose on the shoré just where the King Men Tze River joins the main channel of the Yangize. The vessel practically broke in two just abaft the funnel.
falling birth-rate, to provide cus; ough emigrants to maintain the, British character of the British Dominions. These fears are ill- founded. In a paper which I read to the British Association three years ago, I gave reasons for be- 000 emigrants annually, a figure type that this country can most lieving that both Canada and Aus-which will meet the effective do- readily supply. tralia will have an annual absorp-mands of the British. Dominions tive capacity of between 25,000 and for citizens from oversens. 55,000 immigrants, when economic life revives.
To sum up, there can no longer be laisser faire in emigration, any
As far as British emigration is more than in other branches of New Zealand and South Africa concerned, the development of economic activity. The revival and naturally have & much
lower secondary industries in the Domin-control of British migration to the absorptive capacity. Even taking fons is a favourable circumstance, overseas Empire countries now de- into account the present trend of for it means that the demands will pends in the last resort on the con- the British birth-rate, we shall be
certed economic policy of all the able to supply approximately 100,- be for emigrants of precisely the countries concerned.
8.4711.8
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