THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. FRIDAY:
DECEMBER
1934.
POINTS STRATEGISTS
MAY MISS
NATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
AND SEA POWER
By LT. CMDR. KENNETH EDWARDS, R.N. (RET.) London is now the rendezvous for representatives of the three greatest maritime Powers-the British Empire, the United States of America, and Japan. Conversations are going on almost daily, either at Downing Street or in a famous West End hotel-conversations which are being closely watched by Frande and Italy, which one may term the runners-up in sea power...
SACRIFICES
Giving the marrymakers at Murran, Switzerland, the slip was easy for this jarz band playing on skis
at a party that greeted the first Alpine snow of the winter. Preventing the banjo from tabboganing va the slids trombone caused considerable trouble, but the greatest difficulty was in making the music hot enough to keep the musicians' fingers warm.
LAND SCANDAL
These talks are preliminary. |account of this. They laid down Their object la to explore every number of "thou shalt not's." avenue and parform all the other Documents were signed, sealed and familiar evolutions of conferences, delivered which could not, by their Only time can tell what they are very nature, prove effective in to be preliminary to. They may achieving either of the objectives. foreshadow, compromises and sac- rifices which will enable a further
As for the contribution made to naval limitation Treaty to be
The United States is satisfied; drawn up. On the other hand, the general peace by the Washing- their direct result may be the ton Treaty, that, too. is negative. with the oxisting Treaties and abrogation of existing frenties And the reason lies in a wrong does not wish to have them altered. IN PHILIPPINES
Least of all does she wish; to avoi without actting anything in their paychology in the drawing up of place. There would follow an- the Treaty. Its provisions regard-Ray modification of the 6-6-3 ratio navalling the size of ships have caused which she considers to be the very restricted competition in armaments. The clock would be great dissatisfaction in the British core of naval limitation since the Empire, an Empire whose psycho-War.. The basic reason why she! pat back to pro-War years-with the additional complication that log in and always has been sway wishes to preserve the existing there would be at least three com-ed by a desire for security without sinte of affairs is because it en waste and an innate reluctance to sures the inferiority of Japan at petitora instead of only two
are too many eggs in one basket. there were prior to 1914.
The ratio fixed by the Washington There is no doubt the the object Treaty the 5-5-5 ratio for the of all throu of the participants in the present talks is to avert the naval strengths of the British Empire, the United States and Anancial burdens inseparable from Japan-flew in the face of the An unrestricted armament race racial pride
of a great nation Yet there seems at the moment to which was and still is, growing be scant chance of any agreement being reacheil, so diverse are the views of the three Powers ean cerned,
DIVERSITY
143
*
To impose inferiority upon an Eastern nation possessoil of in- teuse pride of race-a nation in which the losing of "face" is the With a malaal objective, one deadliest of sin-was to How a would imagine that agreement rest of unrest which has resulted would speedily be ranched. But in a growth not easily to be ap there is such psychological diver rooted. Worse, the establishment sity between the three participants of the ratio on the basis
of a
every
upon
Subsequent events have by no
to the conversations as to threaten mathematical certainty of interior-
blazoned WAN serious breaches. In part, they situation to-day is due to neglect possible accasion. of the psychological factors in thei framing of the earlier Treaties means improved matters. Japan's those of Washington in 1922 and of London lu 1930,
The Washington Conference set out "desiring to contribute to the
seizure of Manchukue is Inter- preted by the United States as an infringement of the stutus quo and "f the "open door" in China. The rapprochement between the United maintenance of the general peace States and Soviet Russia is intere and to reduce the burdens of com-preted by Japan as an upsetting definite petition in armament," to quote from the preamble to the Treaty of the status ques and
threat to Japan. Beyond the arresting of large Two facts stand out with regard bulkling programmes which were to Japan. One is the necessity then threatened, and which lack for territory to accommodate her of necessity would surely have growing surplus population. The reduced if not arrested, the Washather is her dependence upon sen ington Treaty has proved a failureborne trade.
she
деп.
LEGISLATURE INVESTIGATION IN
JAPANESE PROBLEM
last session of the legislature when realdent commissioner at Washing-
Representative Jorge Delgado, now
ton, said the situation was becom ing Increasingly serious.
The question entered the halls of the constitutional convention, which drafted the constitution for the Philippine commonwealth, when Delegate Pantaleon Pelayo from Duvno, pointed to alleged facts regarding Irregularities in land
Japan, with a growing volume |
and growing of overseas traile
The land situation in the pro-transactions. responsibilities in the Far East, feels that she can no longer toler- ate trenties which place her in a vince of Davao, Mindanao, in which position of open and avowed in-Japanese settlers figure prominent- ferierit;. This is particularly they, has been made the subject of a case since she feela that she la thorough investigation by a special involved in supposedly shady land
He made a direct statement say
ing that some officials in Davao are
FOTOGRAFIEREN
RBOTEN
RAUCHEN ERBOTEN
The Graf Zeppelin takes on passengers in Frederickshaven for a flight to South America.
so far as reducing the burdens of The United States, on the other competition in armaments is con hand, does not desire further ter- cerned. The reason for its failure ritory, nor is she dependent upon in-ihla direction was that it fixedea-borne trade for more than a the size of ships too high and, by very few of the necessities of life." the imposition of arbitrary limits, She is concerned with prosperity instituted another race in arma-and, with her European markets meats a race in which a striving dwindling daily. Ands it to include the maximum of "power" essential to preserve and enlarge into a fixed Treats tonnage took the vast markets of China for the hecoming somewhat hemmed in by committee on public lands of the transactions with Japanese nation- the place of a race in the size and absorption of her exports.
Philippines legislature, which is us. number of warships bulit.
The British Empire is certainly Russia and the United States,
With such a divergence of views holding public hearings to receive There are estimated to be nearly 20,000 Japanese in Davao. They and feelings the prospect of agree- ment cannot be said to be any-complaints until December 8.
Persistent charges of irregular-cultivate 34,000 hectares of land, thing but gloomy. But much can be achieved if only there is a genuine attempt on each side to itica in the acquisition of public of which 8,000 is public land. The understand, not only the claims, lands in Davao by allens, particu-Japanese control the majority of but the underlying causes and arly the Japanese, made on the business in the province. The feelings which prompt the claims floor of the legislature and the con-chief industry is the raising of Abre known in trade as nbaca, of the others. It is as well to bear stitutional convention, prompted
Manila hemp. in mind the fact that the uncom- the investigation. promising refusal of a claim based
Representative Antonio Z. Argo- a nation's conviction of upon Justice, is a far surer method of sino, chairman of the committee, getting that claim put into effect promised a thorough inquiry. than an attitude of understanding and the patient suggestion of com promise.
SECURITY FIRST
The financial affect of this new not desirous of any further ter- race is clearly seen from the fact ritory. She is concerned solely that H.M.S. Malaya- battleship with the protection of her citizens completed five years before the and the long sea-borne communi- calling of the Washington Con- caliens linking them together and ference-cost under £3,000,000, upon which lows the trade with whereas H.M.S. Rodney, a battle- out which Great Britain Cannot ship completed five years after the exist. signing of the Washington Treaty, cost close on £7,500,000. The cost of wages
and materiale has, of From these facts ono can deduce the wide course, risen la the interval, but with falr accuracy to nothing like the same extent psychological differences which as the rise in the cost of warship separate the Powers whose repre- production. The balance is due to sentatives are. now conferring in the new "power" race in arma- London. ments,
The British Empire feels dis- In cruiser construction the rise satisfied with the existing Treatles in cost is even greater.
because they have produced waste This new competition is dietated and do not give her the protection largely by psychology. Every which she needs for her sea-borne virile man is spurred on to de communications. Moreover, she better than his neighbour. Were feels somewhat cheated in that It not for this trait the world she made more sacrifices "a the; would be a world of drones and cause of peace", than any other decay would speedily set in. The nation, and those sacrifices appear naval limitation Treaties took no to have been made in vain.
Philippine laws impose restric- tions on the acquisition of land by nliens, which are alleged to have The Davao question, of long been violated by varlous subter- standing, bobbed up anew in the fugen.-United Press.
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General Smuts, veteran soldier and politician, is being drawn by under- graduales"up 'to St. Andrew's for-installation ns-Lord Rector of the oldust Scottish unlvaralty.
Mr. Myron Ling, who is asapciated with hotel management in Shanghai, and Mias Betty Wazz, a zrnullat; were married recently at Holy Trinity Cathedral, and they are shown above with their at- tendants outside the Church after the ceremony.
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also under the same management THE CRAG HOTEL Penang Hill
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