PICTORIAL SUPPLEMENT
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1933.
THE RE-BIRTH OF TURKEY: THE
THE OUTSTANDING FIGURE SINCE THE WAR:
With lavish pomp and ceremony, the tenth anniver- sary of the Turkish republic has just been celebrated in the capital city of Angora. By the same token it was a celebration of the achievements of Mustapha Kemal, Turkish President and all-powerful dictator. For it is. no more possible to separate modern Turkey from Mustapha than to speak of Fascist Italy apart from. Mussolini.
In fact, Mustapha had the harder job. Italy was one of the World War victors, and gained prestige and territory, but Turkey bus one- of the vanquished, and emerged with her once great empire fòrn to pleces. She had definitely lost Palestine, Syria, Arabia and Meso--| potamin. The Thracian plains were held by the Greeks, and Con- stantinople and the Dardanelles were in
possession of English, French and Italian troops while elder statesmen considered tear- Ing them away from Turkey,"
Mussolini had only to bent down his alrendy-unpopular opponents before marching on
Rome, but Mustapha had to suppress a cívfi war and fight the Greek army he- fore hc could uantme power. Mussolini kept the king on the throne, preserving the form of the monarchy. Mustapha sent the
Sultan packing and proclaimed a republe. Mussolin) composed his différences with the Roman Catho- lic Church, but Mustapha kicked out the Caliph of the Moslem faith- ful and drew the teeth of the in- fluential Montem priests. The Turkish lender also had to dent with an oriental people who did not relish being forced into west- ern ways.
ONT OF TURKS' HANDS.
drive from the Russians, Musta- pha and his chief of staff, deaf little Ismet Pasha, worked frantle- ally to reform their army, They became fast friends and are still co-workers,
BLACK DAYS FOR KEMAL.· ́
DICTATOR MUSTAPHA KEMAL TOWERS OVER TURKEY.
wars of 1912, he WAS menians' and Jews, Part of Mus-, Balkan
Galli- tapha's job was to restore these assigned to the defence of enterprises to his countrymen. poll when the Work War broke
His orieins, like those of Mus-out, solini, were humble. When he was born 52 years ago in Salonika, Mustapha's father was a minor Italians were pretty largely in government official. Against his parents wishes the boy decided control of their own affairs, But
to be a soldier, won honours at the Turks in the days of the Sul-military schools, and emerged a tans were mainly farmers and sol- | captain in 1905. In spite of his dlers-the men who raised the hatred of the old order and his food and then died for it on the association with revolutionary ele- battlefields. The country's inter-ments, he became, Chief of Staff national business and banking of the Third Army before he was were in the hands of Greeks, its 30. After service in Turkey's war local commerce conducted by Ar- with Italy in 1911, and in the
|
Mustapha held the British, Aus- tralian and New Zealand troops at bay and forced the Allies to abandon their campaign. Con- stantinople hailed the "hero of the Dardanelles" and experted him to be greatly rewarded. But. jealous Enver Pasha, a perfumed young dandy who commanded the Young Turks, sent him instead to the undesirable command of the army In the Caucasus. It was a nasty job, for the troups were dis- organized and fearful of a big
KEMAL REPUBLIC
of an armistice, and his career scomed over.
Her
ISTANBUL DOGS
Turkey seemed crushed. treasury was empty, her folds des- alate, thousands of her young
MUNICIPALITY BAFFLED. men dead, much of her territory in the clutches of the Allies.
Though one hundred and fifty Mustapha's ense seemed equally hopeless. He was poor, and he thousand dogs have been killed dur-. know no life but that of a soldier. Like a gaunt wolf he prowled the ing the past fifteen years, they are streets of Constantinople, finally still to be seen raving about the found a ray of hope. A revolu-by-streets, while nt night they con- tionary spirit was growing in Asia gregate in gangs, and, emerging Minor, and the Allies wanted some from desolate suburbs, make their emissary of the Sultan to go and
the centro of the deal with the recalcitrant Turkish appearanes in troops. Mustapha was the man town. They are, indeed, a per- manent challenge to the authorities. Many methods of destroying
selected.
Anatolla- Gladly he went to away from the Allies, away from them have been tried, The one Tewilk Pasbo, the pro-English most used has been the spreading Premier, away from the Sultan | of food containing strychnine. An- who was a veritable prisoner in other method was to pay a premium his palace. But once he got there. the "loyal" general threw himself for each dog killed by the popula- tion, payment being made on the with demonine energy into roux-
ing the spirit of resistance. Ile presentation of a tail. made Angora the centre of his ge- tivities because that ancient town The Istanbul municipality has perched on the edge of the Ana- now decided to kill the dogs by gas, tolian plains was in a strategic and the necessary installations have position, hard for the Alles been erected on the premises of the rench. There he defiantly issued
Animals.
a Turkish declaration of indepond-Society for the Protection ence, First he sent deputies to a national parliament in Constanti nople, but many of them wore ar- rested and deported. So he re- constructed his parlament. made Angora the capital and formed a government with himself as com- mander-in-chief. THWARTED GREEK AMBITIONS.
of
hundred yards of each other. One overt net trobably would have. precipitated A war. Bul Mustapha wanted no war with England. And England, war weary, wanted no quarrel with anybody, however weak. Besides, Franco and Italy had quietly with drawn their opposition to the new Turkish regime.
to
Then came a new danger. The Greeks, who had been encouraged by the Allies to occupy the city of Sinyrna, began to dream of con-
So on October 11, 1922, an ouerine all Asia Minor. In 1920 they started a real war, swept the armistice was signed and Musta Turks out of Eurone and captured pha won all along the line. The Adrianople. In 1921 they started Greeks were to retire from East across Asia Minor, with Angora ern Thrace, which was to be re- their objective.
Turkey. The Allies Mustanka took stored personal command of his troops, were to get out of Constantinople, prepared his capital for a siege. { bag and baggage, and took his stand on the river His success in the war with. Sakkaria. For three weeks, the Greece, and his triumph in the Greeks bravely attacked and the
peace-making with the Allies, Turks held steady. Finally the
made Mustapha Turkay's out- ranks of the invaders broke and standing man. He had taken they began their disastrous race hack to the aes, with the Turks demoralized armies and beaten Atronger foes. He had faced the hard on their heels.
greatest powers in Europe and won a chance for Turkey's rebirth. He could now turn his attention to home affairs.
Bolshevism swept Russia, and its army in the Caucasus melted away. After retaking several im- portant towns, Mustapha was sent Mustanha wanted to attack the to oppose the British in Syria,Greeks in Thrace, but the only Fighting all the way, he finally way to reach them was entrenched his forces at Kitma the Dardanelles from Asia into and prepared a laat stund to pre- Europe, and his route was blocked vent the enemy from reaching he a British forco. Turkish and Turkey proper Then came news British armies were within a few
to
cross
Next Saturday: "Turkey Mar- ches Forward."
PAGE THREE
QUEER THINGS DO HAPPEN
25 Bables in 25 Years.
Signora Furlanetto has jus given birth to hor twenty-fifth child!' In Venice. She is forty-six. Hor husband is the same age, and they have had a child regularly ovory
of thoir
life. Eighteen of
married the childron arc
year
living.
*
Asleep for Three Months,
Specialists are on their way to the village of later, in Croatin, to ace The Man Who Will Not Wake Up.
His name is Velemir Csokor, and, nccording to reports, he has been slooping for three months.
ETorts to awaken him havo proved futile. His heart-and- pulse are normal.
The 21b. Mushroom.
•
Italy, a pensant has picked por In the hills near Mantegna.
haps the largest mushroom on record. Its weight la over 2lb.
*
Such a Slip for a Policeman.
A candidato taking the entrance examination at the Police Train- ing Institute In Kobe, Japan, so far forgot himself as to take two. parses from the pockets of other would-be policemen,
He was caught in the act and la under arrest.
Advertising on Money,
Chinese patent medicine shops in 03 Ал Canton are using money ndvertising medium. They stamp their names, addresses and tele-
phone numbers on all bank-notes which pass through their hands, with a list of articles for sale.
The banks have had to issue an
order forbidding the practice.
*
Are Good Men Bald.
Religious men tend to be bald and ardent lovers to have a bulgo In the back of the skull, according to the theories of a leading French phrenologist.
An enlarging of the summit of the skull, he considers, denotes mother love.
Actors are inclined to have a furrow or depression running across the crown of the head, but a hollow above the eyebrows means an expert mathematician, according to the new theory.
This pleasant atory comes from Nice.
THE
MERRY
Christmas STORE
WHITEAWAYS.
STORE FOR TOYS AND CHRISTMAS
THE TOYLAND OF
OF HONGKONG.
GIFTS.
BIGGER, BETTER SELECTION, and BRIGHTER THAN EVER. Bring the Children to See the Toys.
·
GIFTS IN ALL
DEPARTMENTS.
GIFTS FOR BOYS.
GIFTS FOR FATHER.
GIFTS FOR SISTER..
GIFTS FOR GIRLS.
GIFTS FOR MOTHER.
GIFTS FOR BROTHER.
GIFTS FOR FRIEND or SWEETHEART.
GIFTS FOR THE HOUSE AND HOME.
FOR MEN.
FOR LADIES.
TIES
GLOVES
FOR THE HOME. DOWN QUILTS
SOCKS
HANDKERCHIEFS
RUGS
SWEATERS
HANDKERCHIEFS
BRACE SETS
GLOVES
SHOP EARLY for CHRISTMAS at
CARPETS
GLASS WARE
TRUNKS
CUSHIONS.
WHITEAWAYS.
NECKWEAR
GARTERS
HOSE
HAND BAGS.