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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH. SATURDAY, APRIL 8, 1933
HISTORY OF ARCH
(Continued from Page 10.)
THE CENTRAL TUESDAY accessary condition for Gothic
and
Jack AYNE hits BAND "Say it
with Music
WITH SONG-HITS THAT WILL DELIGHT YOU.
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ider
the Compantes Opti-
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Shanghai)
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construction.
The Bysantines had solved the problem of vaulting as far 35 square spaces were concerned, but, the early Gothic architects found that square spaces were not suit- able for their style of building, and tried to vault rectangular spaces, a thing the Romans had not attempt,
'MEMORIAL SERVICE.
THEOSOPHISTS HONOUR
LATE MR. MANUK
A memorial service for the late Mr. M Manuk was held at the Theosophical Society's Rooms yes- terday evening. There was a large gathering of friends of the late Theosophical leader, including Miss Mary Manuk, his sister, and one of the founders of the, lodge.
Impressive scenes were witnessed ed to do. All sorts of complex during the service. Many dowers, problems presented themselves, even sent br friends of the late Mr. in the vaulting of a square space. Manuk surrounded the platform. For the Gothic builder had - Incense was burnt throughout. vanced thus far beyond the Roman
that he was attempting to build his Tribites to the great work done, roof of ribs, with light infilling be-by MrManuk for the Society were tween, a much more scientific and paid by Mr. J. Russell, Mr. Paul economical precess than solid vault-Presitent of the Society), Mr. B, ling. Now, if two equal semi-Talati and Dr. Reichelt
jcircular or barrel-vaults intersect, Mr. Kussell disclosed that Mr. their intersection is an ellipse. Manuk had been responsible for his
The medievál architect know
nothing of ellipses, and could not entry into the theosophical move- set out the diagonal ribs. Instead, ment. He had always been a they set out semi-circular ribs both Christin and a. Ireen student of diagonally and round the space to religion but he felt he was a much be vaulted. The resulting vault better Christian after Mr. Manuk was somewhat dome shaped but not had finished with him."
a dome in the Bysantine sense at In tommercial life, said Mr.
all. It was twisted also, and diffi- Russell Mr. Manuk was highly, res- cult to build
pected and his opinions were widely Fought His energy was amazing and his time was fully occupied.
Mr. Russell regretted that many of the able lectures which Mr. Manuk had delivered were not taken down aid printed.
When however the space was the rectangular, obviously either crown of the arches had to be of different height, or else the arch had to be stilted, so that the spring ings of the smaller arch had to be stilted, so that the springings of the "There is no grave to worship, no smaller arch was higher than the monument of stone to mark the springing of the larger. In the spot where his body rests, yet we latter case, which was the method have a memory that cannot fade-a adopted, specimens of which may monument of a life well spent." be seen in many noble Norman said Mr. Russell. churches, such
Durham A$ Cathedral, the intersection of the two barrel vaults was in plan ahe had to doubt but that. Mr. wavy line, and obviously this could Manuk was one of the Great Ones. not be employed as a rib.
in' constant touch with the Masters.) It was up o them to take up the work he had done so well.
The Gothic Architecture.
Then came the wonderful ins Ipiration which has given us
two
Mr. "Pail in a short address said
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Gothic architecture as we know it. ecclesiastical architecture. The architects wanted the
The thrust of such vaulting had crowns of their vaults to he so of course still to be dealt with. The nearly as possible horizontal, so as Gothic architect had brought the
<f concentration to avoid the unsightly pseudo-dome, principle
abug ribs and down They still could think of no better stresses way of forming the diagonal than columns to perfection. He proceed- by using semi-circular fibs. Buted to show his further economy of instead of having semi-circular material by arrying the thrusts of to the longitudinal and transverse vault-the main aulting down ing, they hit on the plan of forming ground by means of further, arcives their arch of two segments meeting within the building, thus making at a point; and by suitably select use of much a' the space which the ing the radius of these sements
would have Romans
discarded. they could raise the mint to any Frequently ale flying buitresses heleht they liked. The method outside
the building carried
Name
Address
admitting
was, of course, a compromise. The stresses too high up to be dealt with had produced a framed structure, Window openings followed the northern Jimate of true shape to fit in with the semi-by the above method, all eventally strong where strength was requir-general lines of the interior. When rather than keeping out the sun- circular diagonal rib would have being brought down to the grounded, the rest being simply infilling. walls wore no longer needed for light, we owe the marvellous stained. been an ellipse. But it worked, or to massive battresses.
The result was grace and beauty, structural strength, they could be glass windows of many of the us the glorious i The main point to consider, how-not deliberately sought, but there pierced to almost any extent, and cathedrals and abbeys of northern Early English ever, was that the Gothic architect ward of fitness.
to that, and to the need in a Europe.
ind it has given
painted arch of
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Sam Wins by a Growl!
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OH)
By Small
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REG. U. S. PAT. OFF.
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BY NEA
THANKS!
I HAD TABE!