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LEAGUE'S FIRM STAND
INDICTMENT OF JAPAN
exercise of rights which were undoubted.
China's Transition.
5. In the present period of transition, the national re-con- struction of China calls for the employment of a policy of inter- Geneva, Feb. 11.
national oo-operation, whereto the The Drafting, Sub-committee League of Nations should afford has agreed to the text of the re-any asalstance requested. A full
thin of
policy, commendations which, after the appreciation Committee of Nineteen has given initiated at the Washington Con- its approval, will be submitted ference, was delayed, particularly with the rest of the report to the by violence and anti-foreign pro- League Assembly, probably on paganda carried on in China from February 20.
time to time, economic boycotts
The Boycott.
to
The recommendations indicate and anti-foreign teachings in a determination by the League to schools, all of which contributed adopt a strong attitude in hand-to creating the atmosphere in ling the Sino-Japanese dispute, which the present dispute broke start out. to urging both parties negotiations with the assistance Powers, of a committee of the
6. The boycott previous designated by the Assembly,
America wherein
and Russia September 18, 1931, which ex- at certain will be asked to partici-pressed indignation pate: also that members of the line.dents and supported certain League agree not to do anything claims, did not fail to aggravato a tense. After inconsistent with the recommenda-aituation already flonn, and not to recognise the that date, the boycott falls under
the category of reprisals. existing regime in Manchuria.
The recommendationis further' take as a basis the League Cover- nnt, the Nine Power Treaty, the
The League's Pari.
7. The Lytton Commission
Kellogg Fact, the ten principles found each of the controversies of the Lytton Report (Chapter 9), capable of settlement by arbitra- tion. It was the duty of the the Assembly Resolution of November 3, and M. Briand's nation regarding itself, as the in- declaration of December 1931.jured party to draw the attention Article 12 of the Covenant, when Router.
diplomatie negotiations were un-. duty prolonged.
Geneva, Feb. 12. The conclusions in the report of the Drafting Committee con sist of 10 paragraphs, the gist of which is as follows:
Manchuria Is Chinese.
8. The military operations of the Japanese at Mukden and other places in Munchuria on the night 101 September 18 cannot be regard- ed as measures of self-dufence. Morcover, even the adoption of 1. The Sino-Japanese dispute measures of legitimate defence originated in Manchuria which does not exempt a State from the China and the Foreign Powers provisions of Articlo 12. regarded as part of Chind, under the sovereignty of the Chinese Government. The
rights con-
The Real Manchukuo.
9. The activity of the Japanese'
ferred on Russin and subsequently acquired by Japan in the South in Manchurin, both in civil and military matters, was Inspired by Manchurian Railway zond were essentially political considera- derived from the sovereignty of
not
and Japan.
Not Independent.
Уда
or-
the
China The Nine Power Treaty tione. A group of Japancae civil applies to Manchuria as to other military officials planned, parts of China. During the first genised and carried out in Mun- an independence move: phase of the confiet, Japan did churia
ment as a solution for the situa argue that Manchuria not an integral part of China but tion there as it existed after the even insisted that the dispute events of September 18, 1931, for ought to be settled between the this purpose using the names and parties concerned, namely, China activities of certain, prominent Chinese and certain minorities and native communities which had grievances against the Chinese administration. This movement, 2. Despite the traditon of
supported and guided by autonomy in Manchurin, it obvious that the Government of Japanese General Staff, could only be carried out owing to the pre- did the three eastern provinces not regard itself as a government sence of Japanese troops. It can- of a State independent of China.not be considered a spontaneous and genuine independence move- Independence proclaimed by
ment. Chang Tso-lin at different times never meant that he or the people wished to be Manchuria
10. The principal political and of
power in the separated from China. Further, administrative since 1928, Chang Hauch-lang has Government of Manchukuo is in recognised the authority of the the hands of Japanese officials
and advisera. Chinese National Government.
Generally, the Chinese in Manchuria do not support this Government and re-
Chinese Settlement.
Recognition.
3. Under the Chineso Republic, gard it as a tool in the hands of should be noted, Manchuria was thrown wide open Japan. It
to Chinenc immigrants from other though, that since the Lytton provinces, who made Manchurin Commission completed its report in any ways a simple extension Manchukuo has been recognised of China south of the Great Wall, by Japan and not by any other and the political and economic State. ties between China and Man- churin grew.
Japanese Claims.
Foreign Views
London, Feb. 12. "The tone of the recommenda- tions of the League Sub-committee 4. On the other hand, Japan. regarding the Sino-Japanese dis- In the same period, that is the 25 pute is a clear sign of the changed years ending in September, 1931, bearing of some of the great acquired, or claimed, in Man Powers towards the dispute dur- churin, rights which restricted the ing the past few weeks," writes exercise of sovereignty by China, F. Wickham Steed in the Sunday the Government of Kwantung Times. exercising
to what amounted
"This change has already had- full sovereignty. This state of its effect in Tokyo, where threats affairs
might have continued of withdrawn) from the Lengue without complications and in-are much less insistent lately. cessant disputes if both parties "In official circles at Tokyo, tho desired or accepted a policy of danger of Japan finding herself economic and political co-opera-at variance with practically the tion. Before September 18, 1931. whole world has been keenly ap- ench country had legitimate precinted during the past month. grievances. Japan took advan-It is therefore possible, though in tage of rights open to question, nowise certain, that Japan will not While
(Continued on Page 11.) the obstructed
China
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