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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,
THE CENSUS.
HISTORICAL REVIEW OF ITS DEVELOPMENT.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7. 1931.
this time broken out in Chlɛa andi Hongkong began to reap the
harvest which has Invariably
from
the flow
fallen to its lot whenever the adjoining districts of Kwangtung province are in a disturbed state. A Blood
Bot The taking of a Census in Hong towards tiongkong (and emigration
Macao); kong, was in the early days of the
also Colony closely connected with the some remained but many voxed queation of the registration Passed on to the Straits Settle- ments, to Callfornia and to the of the Inhabitants,
Weat
The Previous to the British occupa increased rapidly and
Indies,
population Chineso tion of Hongkong, the population capit of it probably never exceeded at capital, seeking a safe refuze
tho clutches of any one time a total 2,000 people marauders, commenced to
float, but addi- mara whether nahere tional numbers were soon attract into the Colony for investment. of males to ed to the new Colony by the high Even the proportion
Lany females now
to commenced Many wagen there obtainable.. of these new-comers were worthy improve as the disturbances drove labourers and artizans but they whole families to seek refuge in also included a considerable numton was about 21,500, in 1849 It
Hongkong. In 1948 the popula ber of "the scum of the popula
of the neighbouring main- land."
The Gazette of the 15th May, 1841 published, according to Eitel, the first figures of the population
The disturbances continued for of Hongkong. No mention is made of non-Chinese but the some time and the population
the increased rapidly
Referring to Chinese residents are given the year 1856 the Governor re-
5,650 numbering
composed 2.650 villagers and fisherman, 800 ported an increase in the respec- Chinese Uving in the Bazaar,tability of the Chinese population 2,000 du craft of various kinds in and stated that a better class of the harbour and 300 labourers People had now commenced to
The population settle in Hongkong.
tion
of
from Kowloon, of Kowloon Point, which was not included in these figures, was stated to be 800 Chinese.
were
Though little
By March 1842 the population was estimated to have grown to over 15,000 people of which 12,360
Chinone, business was being done in the new Colony the Chinese popula tion continued to increase an reached in April 1844 a total of
included 19,000 which now sprinkling of some 1,000 women and children.
Life Insecure.
#
rose to 29,500 and by the year 1863 It numbered 39,000. In 1848 one-fifth only were females but in 1863 the proportion had increased to one-third.
INDIGESTION STOPPED
Kowloon's Advent. In 1858 the population had in creased to 75,503, in 1860 it was about 95,000 and the cession of Kowloon In 1881 brought the population up to 119,321
After that year, however, the population increased more slowly and in 1871 It stood at 124.108. Government
Notification No. GB of the the 5th May, 1871 gives Census Returns of the Population of the Colony for 1870-71 and the date given as the date of the enumeration is 2nd April, 1871. seems probable, however, that these figures represent something
It
of a yearly average,
Life was, however, insecure in the young Colony and the Govern ment decided that some mienka
A further census was taken "os must be devised for regulating the Chinese population and checking the night of the ist December" 1872, again on the night of the The influx Into Hongkong of un-
4th December, 1876, and then we desirable clements from the neighbouring mainland. The come to the regular censusen taken Cavernment also desired to avoid in 1881, 1891, 1901, 1911, and 1921 any appearance of promoting class with intermediate and partial cen- legislation so that a bill was passes taken for special purposes in ed by the Legislative Council to 1897 and in 1906, establish
The Report for the years 1870-71 1 registry of all the inhabitants of Hongkong without the first printed Census Report distinction of nationality or that the writer has been able to status. Neither the European discover.
869
or the Chinese mercantile com- Many comments could be made mualty were apparently consulted on these returns; some are obvious- In the maiter and there wasy estimates only; but they would naturally great indignation. The perhaps be of little interest now. British residents felt that their The 2.736 European and American personal self-respect. their "Fixed Residents" in the 1870-71
were composed of national honour and the liberty Return of the subject had been trumpled British (624 mea, 160 women, 102 underfoot; the Chinese made pre- Boys and 63 Girls). 1.367 Portu- parations to desert Hongkong Kuese, 170 Germans, 133 Americans, en masse and some 3,000 actually 60 French and the remainder of 14 left. The provisions of the different nationalities. The total wore speedily suspended and Europeans and Americans in the- eventually an amended Registra Colony at the time (Le, including tion Ordinance (No. 16 of 1844) the Military and Naval Establish- was substituted for it. This ments and the Police) was 5,931, Indians etc. 2,823, the Ordinance applied the principle the total
116.444, making a of registration only to the lowest total Chinese rinases and exempted from rogis-total for the Colony of 124,198. tration 11 Civil, Military and The Report for the year 1876 re-
Naval
the Ployees, all members of marks on an increase of the Euro-
professions, mer-pean and American Community of chants, shopkeepers, householders, 247, "almost solely attributable to Lenants of Crown property and the number of Portuguese who persons having an income of $500 have made Hongkong their re- a year. The Ordinance came into sidence since the partial destruc- force on 1st January, 1846 and ton of Macat hy typhoon and Fire worked
that so smoothly
on in 1874." It also mentions December 31st, 1846 it was pos- "Yaumati in Kowloon has become sible to modify it No. 7 of 18461a new Town within the last few so as to provide for a periodical months.". census of the whole population.
Fluctuation.
It is not cienr, therefore, whether the figures given as the population of the Colony in these early days represent the results
that
The 1881 Census seems from a perusal of the Report, and it has been taken by others commenting on Hongkong census, to have been the first "regular" census. It was taken on the night of the 3rd April, of n census enumeration taken on 1881, and disclosed a population, fixed day or whether they are exclusive of Military, Naval, Mer- not an estimate based on the cantile Marine, and Police of registration figures for the year 152,868 persons. Including these, together with a separate enumera- the total was 160,402, tion of the persons exempted from registration. tion in 1847 la given a and in 1848 as reduced to 21,614. In commenting on this, the Governor (Sir John Davis) attri buted the decrease not to the alloged decny of local commerce, but to a more careful registration while giving a truer
Thus the po
which of the actual number.
Recount
relieved the Colony from those who hung loose on it and only applied for registration tickets to make bad use of them."
The Taiping Rebellion had by
SALESMAN ŞAM
Į TELL YA, SAM, MY GAME'S BEEN SO ROTTEN ALL SUMMER I'LL HAFTA BEGIN
ALL OVER AGAIN -
WET PANT
The Report of the Census of 1891,
taken on the 20th May, shows con-
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siderably greater detail on that oc- casion; the Intermediate census of with the special object of discover 1897 was a partial ono only taken
the population had been affected in ing whether
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1901 included. for the first time the
had n New Territories which at that time In population of 102,254 persona af whom 17,243 lived south of the Kowloon range of hills; the census partial one only of 1906 was also and did not include the N. T. north of the hills. There does not seem to have been any particular reason for this census; the intention may have been the worthy one of having in future intercensal periods of G years only in place of ten: If that were so, the advent of the war no doubt suppressed the iden in 1916. The suggestion for a census in 1920 was considered but not proceeded with.
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