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How to rear Ta perfect Child
DO YOU KNOW. THAT an adequate supply of Vitamin 'D' is necessary for perfect bone-formation?
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THE HONGKONG - TELEGRAPH,
MALARIA MENACE.
METHODS OF ERADICATION.
Below is a further instalment of Dr. A. R. Wellington'a lecture on malaria:
Malaria' in the tropics causes more sickness, more Invaliding and more deaths than all other diseases put together,
It causes a high death rate and low birth rate.
It is the chief reason why such largo tracts of fertile land in the tropics remain sparsely populated and undeveloped.
THURSDAY, JUNE: 13, 1929. §
OBITUARY. HA
SAD DEATH OF A HAPPY VALLEY LAD.
Much sympathy will be extended to Mr. Albert Edward Murphy, of No. 12 Village Road, Wongnoichong, in the death of his son Henry Murphy, which occurred at the Gov ernment Civil Hospital.
Henry was a bright little Ind of thirteen and very popular with hin playmates. He was taken ill at 3 o'clock on Friday and on the advice of the doctor was removed to the Government Civil Hospital at`I o'clock on Monday morning. He gradually became worse and passed away on Tuesday afternoon. The cause of death was tetanuk.
PAMELA
LATEST STYLES IN AFTERNOON AND EVENING GOWNS: FRÒM LONDON, PARIS, NEW YORK.
સ
It is probably the chief of the factors which has decided the dif- ference in population between Java and the Federated Malay States, Javn with its 40. million, Henry was a pupil at St. Joseph'à the F.M.S. with its 1 million. Collego and an enthusiastic Soont. Malaria more than anything else. The Scouts showed their respect for frustrated the efforts of the their former colleague and their French to cut a canal through sympathy for the bereaved parents Panaran. After 8 years the com- hy turning out in full, fores at the pany went into liquidation with funeral. yesterday, afternoo bond and share indebtedones The Tuneral was attended by the roughly estimated at 70 million bereaved parents and a large num- pounds starling, Many hundreds ber of friends and schoolmates. A of lives had been lost, and the troop of Boy Scouts belonging to canal was only one-fifth through. St. Joseph's College, of which the Valuable plant estimated at 6 mil-deceased had been a member, head- lion pounds was left to rust in theod the cortege Into the Roman Catholic chapel where a short ser- jungle,
vice preceded the interment. The ceremony at the graveside Intoned by Fr. Page, the parlah French Dressmaker in Attendance. priest of St. Margaret's Chapel.
WEEKLY ARRIVALS A SPECIAL FEATURE QUEEN'S ROAD, 0. Adjoining B1, Francļu Hṇidl-' Tel č. 2422.
The Americans made a success where the French had failed because American sanitary officers headed by Gorgan and backed by President Roosevelt made it possible for the engineers to carry out their great
task.
Was
A profusion of wreaths covered the grave, including those from.- Pa and Ma, Angy and Uncle. Ross in his "Prevention of Malaria" Brothers and Sisters. Bill, Erle and states that the mean annual death rato Georges. Betty, Charlie and Walter, for the whole of India is & per 1,000, Sonny O'Connor, Mr. and Mrs. T. and that it kills 1,180,000 persons per V. Jeffery and family. Mr. and year or more than the mortality of Plague at its height, or of that of Mrs. Ward and family. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur M. de Souza, Mr. and Cholera and Dysentery combined.
your.
The deaths from fovers in Malaya Mra. Morley, Mr. and Mrs. Dod- were in 1821 over 17,000 and the ders, Mr. and Mrs. A.. E. Contes. death rate was over 13 per 1,000. Mary Chan and Sisters, Mr. and The economic los reckoned in money Mrs. Guimgam, Messrs. J.M.L. amounts to millions of dollars per Britto, Chye Chan. F. D. Leonard, Marie and Albert." Commissioner But malaria is not confined to the and Members, of the Boy Scouts tropics. It in prevalent in many Association, Brother Scouts of 1st semi-tropical lands and in many ten-Hongkong Troop and Members of perate countries, in Mesopotamia, St. John's Berchmann's Sanctuary Greece, Italy, the Balkans, Amerien, Society. ele, ole. Until a quite recent perlod there was malaria in England. In Dickens Great Expectations the con- viet who was released by the hero of the novel was suffering from the discaso contracted from the marshes. James the First of England and Oliver Cromwell are said to have died of Maluria. The decline of Greece and Rome is attributed by some to malaria, certain it is that there are ruins of cities in localities where i would now be impossible for large bodies of people to exist,
The Eradication of Malaria. There are three essential factors concerned in the spread of malaria, viz.: the mosquito, the parasite, and the human, and if either of these fac tqra bo eliminated or if the chain of sequence of man to mosquito and mesquite to man be broken it is im possible for the disense to spread.
I
Mrs. M. B. De Carvalho. The funeral of the Inte Mrs. Maria Botelho de Carvalho took place at the Roman Catholic cemetery, Happy Valley, yesterday afternoon, the Very Rev. Father' G. M. Spada conducting the service. The deceased passed away at her résidence in Granville Road, Kowloon, on Tuesday evening at the age of 41. She is survived by her husband, Mr. D. E. de Carvalho, four children, two sisters who are Hongkong, and two brothers in Shanghai.
Those, present at the funeral were the husband, one of the sous, and other relatives, and Messrs., A.A.R. Botelho, O. Burretto, II.A. Lammert, A.C. Botelho, A. Cerveira de Albuquerque e Castro (Consul for Portugal), C.A. da Roza, P.M.N.
others.
There were many Boral tributes from the family and friends.
In niicmpts to control malaria thedi Silva, E. Christensen, E. J. de following methods have been tried Figueiredo, F.H. Barnes, A. Silva (1) destruction of the parasite, (2) Netto, J.M. Noronha, L.E. Guterres, breaking the chain of sequence by J.A.S. Alves, D.E. de Silva, E.V.M. placing a barrier or not between man R. de Sousa, F."H. Kew, C. and mosquito during the feeding d'Assumpens, C.M.S. Alves, C.A.C. hours of the inseel; (3) elimination of Rodrigues, E. Leitao, and many the mosquito carrier.
Destruction of the parasites.-The parasite has only been found in the launan art in the mosquito. There may be a free-living stage but no one
the has ever seen it, we assume it does works were being constructed not exist
coolies were first housed on the spot. Leaving out of consideration the The many pools on the newly turned killing of a few malaria infected mos earth noun became thickly populated quitoes, the only means we have off with maculatus larvae and malaria destroying the parasites is the poison became epidemic. The coolle lines at ing of them in the human body by ad the works were abandoned and tho ministration of quinine, Quinine fa alabour force was housed two miles poison which has more effect on the away; the results were excellent. I parasite than it has on the cells of fuy inention that time changed con- the human. If one takes enough of dillons at the works, the anophelinos the drug one can teflise the tissues disappeared, and now coolles are re- of malarla but in poisoning the para-eiding there keeping free from fever. sites one partially polsons "the body. As anophelines normally bite only The more parasites there are in the between sunset and sunrise malaria in human the more quining is required to any district would be eradicated if all kill thom. Quinine talen prophylac humans remained behind screens dur- tically will become scattered through ing the feeding hours of the Insect the body before it is thrown out by But as humans will not go behind the kidneys. It stands to reason that, screens at sunset, therefore complete provided there is a 'sudicient conconeradication by this method is impossi
tration, any parasite injected by able. Screening helps but is not a mosquito will be killed beford it has complete solution of the difßculty. time to get into a corpuscle BT Theoretically screens should be multiply. It also stands to reason down during the day time and put up. that the fewer parasites there are at sun-down: Experience has shown Infected, the less quininò is required that the human cannot be trusted to to kill them.
close the screens in time-the mos- Quinine taken in small dosen (gr. quite gets there first. The best ro- 5-10) may keep off fever in mildlysults are got from fixed screens--with malarious places but in highly infect as few openings, as possible,. ed regions the results of prophylactic Fever patients being foci, for ther quininisation have been disappointing. Infection of the mosquito should be In epidemic areas as much as 30 kept behind screens until tlioy ceass grair a day may be necessary, to be infectious.
Strong minded individuals may take The more comfortable conditions 30 grains a day for a time but the behind the screens are the more likell- symptoms are so severe that few will hood is there of screens being used. keep it up for long.
Often the difference between the in- If men were, alavos, and fully under sido and outside of a screen is the control, quininisation might succeed difference between comfort and dis in eradicating malaria. But while comfort. man is free and objects to having his
The larger the mesh the loss will
tissues poisoned by the drug, eradica the screen obstruet air curronta. A
tion even in small areas is fropossible, all that can be hoped for is a lower ing of incidenca.
mesh of 18 strands to the inch will
aro
keep out all mosquitoes a mesh of 12 atranda to the inch will keep out Breaking the chain of sequence, the vast majority. In Jaya and Tho chain of sequence can be broken Sumatra and America 12 strand (a) by placing the human outside the mealies are common and they range of, flight of the mosquito be effective. The majority of bed cur tween sunset and sunrise; (b) by|tains need in Malaya are between screening the human during the same 10 and 12 when stretched and they period.
have been proved to be effective ́in The withdrawal of humans has keeping out mosquitoes, proved effective in many cases. On The effective screening of coolle certain estates in America It has been lines is a possibility but strict diagl Hound more economical to house the pline is necessary to ensure success.
labour force a couple of miles distant By scrooning it is possible theore from the anopheline breeding grounds, tically to keep a crowd., free from and arrango for their transport than malaria but by apch serooning as is to deal with breeding places or screen practical it is only possible to keep
individuals healthy.. the houses
(To Be Continued.)
When the. Kuala Lumpur water
F
2
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