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A BOOK AND ITS STORY.
LECTURE BY FATHER F. J. JOY.
(Concluded from Yesterday,)
One of the chief points taken up by Father Joy was Resurrec- tlon, which he chose as a' test' of the theories of the Rationalist critica of the Now Testament. He pointed out that Christ's disciples believed that He had rison from the dead, and that all the Gospels narrated it. He also considered the crucifixion and dealt with the deception theory and the alleged swooning of Christ. Dealing with the resurrection he said:
theories?
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1929.
Deception Theory. Did they believe what they Bald? Perhaps they were deceive ers!
Moyer, Otto, Harnack, Wellauson | Thomas by allowing him to put his admit that, as the last-named says: finger into the place of the nails The foundation of Christianity and his hand into His sacred sida. remained the belief in the Cruci- Does a ghost appear to many not fled and Resurrected Christ. The once but 'several times! Not by While faith in the Resurrection. was night only, but by day? never shaken."*.
they sit at table? While they fish in the Lake? To five hundred at a place and time fixed beforehand? Can one touch a ghost, taking hold of his foot? And what became of Christ's body if, He novor rose? By all the laws of evidence the And do thousands become convert- Deception Theory breaks down: ed in a single day, as they did on 1 It was not in their in-.the Feast of Pentecost M. It was terest to invent the story. alla ghost story very easy to ax- They were few and faint hearted. The whole Jowish nation was against them. They themselves looked on Calvary as the final failure of Christ. Why should they pro-
·long the tragedy?
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poeo?
The Swoon Theory."
There remains one other at tempt at a "natural" explanation. It appealed to crities because it seemed to account for all the 2 Was their conduct such as to facts. Briefly it is this: Christ
prove sincerity?..
never died. He was merely in a When Christ died they were swoon. He recovered and He left Why do I choose The Resurrecalled with gloom and despair. In the sepulchre. Again let us go tion as the acid test of rationalist a few days they are filled with back to facts-the last thing
joy and confidence. They preach theorisers think of looking at. the Resurrection and in the very
Chriat had suffered terribly. place where it was said
to have The Agony, the
illtreatment by taken place, where therefore the the Jews, the scourging, three fraud could be most easily dis hours nailed to
a crose-and covered. They set out to convert finally a Roman soldier, to make the world. Such a changé de assurance doubly sure, thrust R mands an explanation. It Christiance into Our Saviour's side. had not risen then Christianity Surely there is enough here to would have died, on Calvary.
cause death!
1 Because it is the central fact of Christianity. If Christ rose from the dead, Chris tianity has upon it the scal of
the Divino.
2 Because Christ emphasised it beforehand as the great test of the truth of His claim to be the Son of God.
3 Because "If Christ be not risen then is our Preaching vain and your Faith is also vain. Yes, we are found false witnesses of God" as St. Paul tells us.
4 Because the enemies of Christianity from Jew to Rationalist have always found it the stumbling block and have directed against it their
greent attacks.
Let us see the facts round which the proof of Christ's Resurrection centres:
n Thic unshakeable
viction of His disciples. The empty tomb.
con-
e Christ appeared, after His
death, alive.
The disciples believed that Christ was risen.
All the Gospels narrate it. All attempts to prove later insertion have hopelessly broken down. These narrations are brilliantly vindicated in St. Paul's epistles, The Acts of the Apostles give us short speeches of the Apostles beginning on the very day of Pentecost and all stress the Re- surrection, What does that teach
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8 But, Furthermore, and this point is vital-mon do not suffer for what they believe to be false. Yet they gloried in their sufferings and nothing could shake them in their conviction that Christ died and that Christ was risen. Clearly, all attempt to impugn the sincerity of the witnesses breaks down the moment it is examined.
110
The priests thought Him dend. The crowd thought Him dead. The Roman soldier thought Him dead. His own friends were so sure of it that they buried Him. Yet we are asked to believe that on the third day after these events He not only recovered consciousness (that would be wonderful enough) but He came forth from the tomb so strong and healthy. that there is trace of weakness in Him, that He is able to walk to Emmaus and back on feet pierced by nails two days previously. Moreover, the tomb had a guard of soldiers and He got away without their knowledge. Further. He must have known beforehand that all this series of happy accidents was going to happen for He told both friend and foo that He would rise in three days. Lastly and this finishes the Swoon Theory-Jesus Christ, than whom no nubler figure has passed across the stage of human history, as even enemies reluctantly testify, is made to go about pretending that He has risen from the dead. He Is reduced to the level of an im-
HIA
Mythical Theorica, These facta also dispose of all talk
about the "Resurrection Myth." Remember the claim is that Christ's Body appeared to them. Remember it was not one person but many who claimed to have seen Him, sometimes by day, aometimes by night, sometimes separately, sometimes in groups. And they not only saw Him but talked with Him, ate with Him, and even examined His body to satisfy their doubts. Remember fually, that we are dealing with contemporary accounts, circulated in the very spot where all those things were said to have happened with day and place and person given for everyone to cheek.poster. 1 Corinthians dates at latest Myths don't grow in that way. And they all believe the talal from 67-68, if not, as Harnack Besides, it takes no account of the What happened after that? 'Did thinks, from 62-53. Yet here we empty tomb to which Romans, Jesus die Inter? If so, they must have a full account of the Re-Jews and disciples all bear wit-have known it. surrection and the Appearances ness. Nothing was easier than to So all attempts to make a die- of Christ. Not only that, but it point to Christ's body still in the tinction between the Jesua tells us that Paul preached the tomb if it were all a myth. History and the Christ of Faith Resurrection, to these Anme
tie themselves up into hopeless Corinthians five years earlier. It
contradictions; and rationalist tells us that Paul learned of the
Bible Criticism, and with it the Resurrection from James and
railonallat attempt to destroy the Peter, i.e. three years after
supernatural, is bankrupt before his own conversion. It tells us
the plain and simple facts of the appearance of Christ to
Resurrection.. The Jesus of Paul himself which occurred at
History is the Christ of Faith. most three to five years, if not, as Harnack thinks, either in the year of, or in the year after Christ's death.
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of the
The Aets of the Apostles bring us back to the day of Pentecoat, less than two months after the Ressurection, on which Peter hurled the Ressurection fearlessly in the teeth of the Jews: "Jesus of Nazareth you by the hands of wicked men have crucifled and slain....This Jesue God hath raised again whereof we are witnesses". He is equally fear- less before the Sanedrin and be fore the Roman Centurion, Corne- lius.
But we need not labour the point. Even the most decided enemies of the Resurrection, like
Vision Theory.
These facts dispose, further, of the "Vision Theory" the first of the "natural" explanations. Ac cording to this, the disciples were 80 enthusiastic and so excited by the events of the Crucifixion that they were easily imposed upon. They kept dwelling on the thought so that after a time they imagined they saw Him. This is still the pet theory, so let us examine it. Did they, as a fact, expect Christ to rise? Wo know they did not. The holy women went to the tomb on the third day. For what? To aunoint the dead body of Christ. Mary Magdalen, when she finds the tomb empty, concludes that the body has been taken away. When the other women tell the Apostles of the Angel's message, the whole thing is grected as mere idle wataon's tales. Even when Christ appears to them they are not con- vinced. He has to
prove is identity by eating, by showing His hands and feet, in the case of
21
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of
"Christ, risen from the dead, dieth no mora"-it is the song of triumph of St. Paul. It is the song of triumph of the Church which in Ilor Easter service peals forth Her Alleluias. It is our triumph also. He is our Friend, He is our King, He is our God,
Christus vivit, Christus regnat, Christus imperat.
Nanking, Feb. 21. Hsu, Mo, chief of the European and American Affairs Committee of the Foreign Ministry, has been appointed Commissioner for Foreign Affairs for Kiangau in succession to Wun Z-king, who has been appointed Minister to the Netherlands-Reuter,
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