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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,
CONSPIRACY CASE,
CHRISTIE AND BLUHM
SENTENCED.
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 11, 1928.
at the very outset come out with the plain question of "Do you want morph?"
With regard to the second polat of disinterestedness, again rofer ring to the same authority, Mr Leask said a witness, to be per After a protracted hearing, in- fectly creditable, must not be lu cluding a re-trial resulting from the least degree blaased or partial an amendntent of the original | to either party. The witness, charge. James Christie and Haynes, in addition to his other Christopher Bluhm were yester- qualities which need not he added, day found guilty of conspiracy to was distinctly biassed, Mr. Leask obtalu money from a Chinese submitted. Police Reservist, and were sen- tenced to four months and three months hard labour respectively, the sentences to date from the
date of detention.
When the hearing was resumed yesterday afternoon, there was one ather witness called by the de- fence, this being W. K. Smith, an oil dealer from San Francisco, whose statement was accepted that
P
Mr. Lansk found for this biassed attitude on the part of Haynes three motives:
(a) That there had been some thing in the past in Shanghai in 1926, when Haynes asked Christie for a loan and did not get it, and Haynes had eald:
"I will never forgive you Jim, for this."
(b) Haynus wanted to get rich quickly and saw his chance in get- ting into the deal in arms, which Christie would not allow him to do. Ae
again to Archbold, Mr. Lenak sub- mitted that the defendants could not be prosecuted for giving a pro- mise of future conduct, a promise of future delivery, even though the goods concerned were drugs, which of course he strenuously denied.
POLICE RESERVE,
ORDERS BY THE CAPTAIN
SUPERINTENDENT.
A general Inspection of the whole Polico Roservo by the Hon. Captain Superintendent of Police accompanied by the Hon Commissioner of Police will take place at the Central Polica Station on Tuesday, January 31, at 6.15 p.m. sharp. All members are to
attend
Chinese Company.
Man of Many Parts, The prosecution had attempted to throw descredit on the receipt for a deposit of $100,000 in the Li Tung Bank in Swatow, whereas it was shown." from the occurrence of both defendants' names there- on, that it was a genuino deposit All ranks of the Chinese Company made payable to Christle after will parads at the Central Police certain obligations under an arms Station on Thursday, January 12, contract had been discharged. Itat 590 p.m. sharp. Bress-Winter was unfortunate that arrest should Uniforms. Caps. (without covers). have occurred the day before this Belts need not be worn. No trun money was made payable to Chris-cheons.
tic.
big
Flying Squad.
Was it conceivable that Christie
The weekly instructional patrol of should have jeopardised a
January. 19, will start from the arms deal, worth thousands of dol- the Hongkong section on Thursday, lars to him, for the sake of seeking Central Police Station as usual at 6,16 a paltry $200 or $300 in such riskyn.m. sharp. Dress Winter Uniform. circumstances as a morphin deal
view of Christie's long sojourn in | China and his qualification as a shrewd man of many parts.
In concluding, Mr. Leisk pointed out that it had been laid down that
Sharpshooters' Company.
The following have enrolled in the
the firm of Thatcher and Company, with which the second defendant was seeking to do business, dist exist in Shanghai, and that there was such a brand ns "Long Life" (c) Having discussed the ques-in this Colony? Mr. Leask re- keroseng oil on the China market. tion of arms with Christie on sevgarded this as inconceivable in Sharpshooters' Company. He had never seen this brand iveral occasions and gone to the Hongkong, and spoke of conditions most extraordinary trouble of get- in the North China market where ting information, he noted the de- a marked drop occurred in the talls on an envelope with the view prices of kerosene during the to making his own skin safe by months of September and October. reporting to the police. He could not say that he knew Zip,
"The other points dealt with by the rhan mentioned by Bluhm às being connected with the Jardine Archbold spoke for themselves,
said Mr. Leask.
"That is one Engineering Corporation in Shang-other point, that Haynes is known as The Liar, and if your Worship thinks for one moment that his evi dence can be belleved, I shall be very surprised indeed."
hai.
Questioned by Mr. King, witness said that he had met Thatcher amongst other oil dealers in Shanghai,ad it was possible that Thatcher did bring up the possibi- ties of the South China market
Concerning Bluhm. With regard to the second de
Constables, R. 402 C. A. Grimes, R.463 S. C. Ho, R.404 B. A. Young, R.405 A. W, Grimmitt, R.407 W. V Flok, R.408 W. W. Dalton, R.410 J. C. M. Greenham, R.11 F. W a police witness must be corro-K, Stuart-Smith, R.415 W. Ward, Mathison, R.412 0. B. Raven, R.411 borated. There had been no cor- roboration of Au Yeung as the Police witness, because the second witness, Haynes could not be be lieved. Much of the evidence was merely dragged in to secure a con- viction
Dealing with the passports charge against Bluhm. Mr. Leask said that Bluhm, who was at one time a secretary to the Latvian Consulate at Hankow, had
1
417 J. K. Ross.
(Sl) G. B. HARTFORD D.S.P. (R).
Hongkong, January 12, 1028.
during the conversations. In any fendant Bluhm, Mr. Leask pointed laisser passer from the Commis-been convicted before! It was a
case, he did not mention Bluhm'a
Mame
"
out that, in their testimony, both the first and second witnesses Ta closed the evidence,
strenuously stated that Bluhm did Mr. Leask's Submissions. nt bake any part in the proceed- "After dealing with the wordings whatever. How, then, Bluhm of the charges, Mr. Leask, in his could be said to conspire with address for the defence, said the Christic it was difficult to see. same evidence and the same set of facts had been resuscitated in
the re-trial on another charge amended from one on which the defendants had already been dis-, charged. It did not seem conson- ant with British justice that they ahould "stand for another trial where the plea of autre fois acquit zould have been submitted.
However, as the case had been before his Worship, he would re- mind his Worship that he was sit
ting there as a judge and jury
and that he was to carefully as- sess the evidence-cridence which, to Mr. Leask's mind. if it had gone before a jury, would not have been considered sufficient ground for a
conviction.
་
His Worship pointed out that at one stage Bluhm did go to Haynes and interest himself personally in the matter."
Coming to the point of con- spiracy, Mr. Leask argued that there must be an agreement for the alleged purpose and also the defendant's joint participation it. He argued that Bluhm was a genuine oil dealer, as was shown In the correspondence with That- cher and Company of Shanghai, a
concern which it was suggested did the evidente of Mr. W. K. Smith not exist but which, na proved did exist.
!
was some
admits that in the box, but could a man placed as Haynes was go into the box and deliberately tell a string of untruths for which he could be bowled out every time? He admitted frankly that he had ||sioner of Foreign Affairs nlight task for him to go into the
Canton, but it was an unfortunate box. I suggest there thing that it was written in. Chin- other interest than one of purely ese and Bluhm did not know that personal spite that made him go. it was tenable for only one month. into the witness box and give his Taking his It was only during developments evidence as he did. arising from the morphia charge altitude! submit that while his that the Police discovered those past has been shaky, and his cralit documents and charged Bluhm with. not possessing a valid pass-, port in addition to the other charge.
ask for their discharge
Mr. Leask concluding, said: I They have been in gaol since Novembar 16, on two charges which no evi- depce could support..
Mr. King's Points,
shaky in some respects, his evi- dence has been entirely sustain.d right through."
Mr. King refuted the suggestion that Haynes wanted to get into the arias deal and that at the last moment when he saw he had no chance of doing so had gone to the police with his information to save his own skin, Drugs came into the deal because the defendants
Mr. King said, with regard to know that if they defaulted on this, the buyer would have no redress. the question of autre fois acquitte could not go to the police ant raised by Mr. Lensk, he (Mr. King) other Court the learned Magistrate him as much as on the defaulters. would like to recall that in the report on a matter of which the consequences would be visited on gave defendants an option.
This supplied the key-motive of whole case, added Mr. King. the defendants actions during the
"He was prepared to go on to deal with the case on the charge as it now stands before your Wor- ship, but left it to the defendants to pursue that course or whether they elected to have a new trial. They chose the second alternative, and I think it is not quite in order for the suggestion of autre fois acquit to be made now."
"Blabm gave his evidence ex- tremely well, and I don't think that he was shaken. The whole time
The Master Mind, With regard to the evidence, that he was dealing in oil, with various for the prosecution was based on persons, Mali Khan, and the Chin-
"Christie has been the master the evidence of the Police Resez cac mentioned by Bluhm, in the vist, Au Yeung. But it would ap-famous Sonsky letters as "The
mind. They could not put forward the second defendant Bluhm as the pear that the principal witness was Grafter.'" actually Haynes, the informer, I was n
most extraordinary
principal, and that was why he re- mained more or less in the back- Haynes evidence, Mr. Leask thing that in spite of the most thought, could not be accepted by rigid search both of Christie's the defendants were not pleading being later introduced as the sel- Mr. Leask, interposing, said that ground during those interviews, anybody.
room and office, no serap of evi- guilty to any of the two charges. ler. Throughout the whole case. Speaking with regard to this dence had been found relating to
Referring to the evidence, Dr. the relations between Christie and point. Mr. Leask referred his Wor-drugs. This charge was spread by King then proceeded to deal with Bluhm are stressed in the Sonsky ship to an authority, Archbold, Haynes after he met Christie in the points raised by Mr. Leask. letters, Bluhm calling Christe 26th edition, page 473, where November, 1927.
Mr. King said Haynes had report. "Popsky" and himself "Sonsky." Archbold said, under heading of
ed heroin after the first interview In giving his decision, Major "Credit of Witnesses," the credi
The Police Raids..
with Christie, and the exact in- Willson said Christie had said in bility of 'witnesses depended Mr. Leask asked how the men- structions to the Chinese Police Re-evidence that if Au-Yeung was amongst other things, upon (1)tion of heroin, at the first inter- servist were that he was to look capable of telling one lie, by say knowledge of the fact he testifies view between Haynes and Christie, for "drugs" generally. If "moring he could not speak English, hu to. (2) his disinterestedness, (3) could be reconciled with the steps phia" had been used, to denote was capable of telling others in his integrity, etc.
that immediately followed and heroin, it was the Chinese corrup- the Court.. His Worship viewed which were based on morphia tion of the word, (pronounced as that it was a necessary untruth for charge. He submitted that Haymo teh") by which was meant the the purposes of the Police work, With regard to knowledge, thenes had contradicted himself here. generic term used by Chinese in and therefore Christie's allegation Police Reservist, possessed xo
was one which need not be taken While on this subject, he would reference to morphia, heroin and knowledge of the subject matter like to refer again to the police other allied drugs. The witness into consideration. of, the sise in which he was called raid on the address of a friend of was clear that it was not oil other
His Worship agreed with Mr. upon to interest himself as a men-Christie, as confirming what he wise, the Chinese word for "ail," King in his point that the defen- ber of the Police Reserve. He was told to look for two foreigners and already said, at the last hear which was distinct from "mo feh," dants knew the prospective drug
would have been used. If it was buyer could have no redress who had morphia, and his whole
not drugs, then why should they defaulted on the undertaking mind was obsessed with morphia, Mr. King: I strenuously deny "Swiss" and other brands of morte procure drugs, and had made and morphia only. It was agreed the statement. The Police entire phia mentioned by Christie remain their plans accordingly, that at the outset Au Yeung had ly repudiate any imputation on the stuck in Au Young's mind and be no knowledge regarding the drug,Police in that direction.
reported to Police Headquarters and it was also admitted that he Mr. Leask: I would like to after that interview? went back to Mr. King and Mr. mention that somebody did raid Taylor, who "put him wise" on that address, and the first defen the deal.
dant said. It was the Police.
The Witnesses,
ing.
1
It was inconceivable that a man wanted to explain as you might with diversified experience extend-think it was a wild statement. ing over 30 years in China, and Continuing, Mr. Leask said that who according to the evidence, the charge really resolved itself had the attribute of being cautious into one of obtaining money by and shrewd in his dealings, should 'false pretences, Referring once
SALESMAN SAM
"MIGOSH, GUZZ, THIS IS ) WHY IT AIN'T CHINA THAT WAS SOME POSSIBLE TO FLIGHT WE MADE MAKE THE TRIP FROM RUSSIA - FROM RUSSIA "TO
CHINA IN ONE
DAY!
"THAT JUST' PROVES WHAT, A WONDERFUL PLANE WE'VE GOT?
The Pursuers.
His Worship found both defen- danto guilty of the charge "sen- tencing Christie to four months' hard labour and Bluhm to three months, to date from November 16, the date of their arrest.
I It appeared to Mr. King that it
Bluhm was also fined $50, or an was not Haynes, but the defen- dants, who were pressing and run-additional four weeks, if he failed ning after the other party to get to pay the fine, on the passports charge, an order. being made for business.
"Admittedly the second witness, his expulsion. from the Calony Haynes' credit is shaky. He after his sentence had been served.
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