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BAILINGS 1927.
Hongkong Shanghai
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Van var Arriva
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Oct. 14
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Nov: 19 Nov. 22 Nov. 25
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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.
LOCAL MALARIA.
HUGE INCIDENCE IN THE TERRITORIES.
Writing on "The Present Posi- tion of Malaria" in the current issue of Caduceus, Dr. John Ander- son; Professor of Medicine, Uni- versity of Hongkong, says, inter
alia:
THURSDAY,BAUGUSTO 25/1927.
TRADE REVIVAL.
CHINESE CHAMBER NOT DISMAYED BY CRITICISM.
Despite the unsympathetic atti- tude of the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce the Trade Revival Committee of the Chinese Chamber of Commerce will con- tinue their efforts to find a solu tion to the present trade slump.
at a
Malaria is a problem of the first importance to China, but unfort-
This was brought out unately we have practically no atn- tistics to bring home that truth to raceting of the Chinese Chamber the general public. The earliest reyesterday when the stagnancy of cords of a scientific nature were trade generally was discussed. published in the Annual Reports of the Chinese Maritime Customs com- mencing in 1871, and as these were simply records of various epidemies of clinical malaria in Poking and the Treaty Ports, they left no foundation for statistics.
About 20 years ago, Drs. Jeffreys and Maxwell tried to collect details of the incidence of the disenso io the various provinces from the members of the China Medical, Mis- sionary Association, and although the data gathered were quite in- adequate for statistical purposes, they were able to state in their pub- lished work that "Malaria still re remains the commonest of discnsus in China and the most serious cause'
of invalidism among Europeans in the East."
Mr. Ho lu asked the Chairman, Mr. Li Yau-chunh, whether the criticisms which had appeared and the letter from the General Cham- ber of Commerce, pointing out the futility of taking any steps in the direction of a revival of trade, had damped the efforts of the Chin- és Chamber. He asked if a reply the General had been sent to Chamber of Commerce;
The Chairman replied that go far no reply bad been sent.
A general discussion followed, in which it was pointed out that having brought the matters of s trade revival before the public it i befitted the Chamber to allow it to die a natural death because of sying athy and of argument. At the present moment, a number of merchants looked to the Chamber to do something to restore trade stability, and it was the duty of the Chamber, if it lay in their power, not to disappoint the mer- chants.
It was decided to call a meeting of the Trade Revival Committee at the earliest possible moment so that any plan arrived at could be put into operation with the least possible delay.
In Fifty Years. Two years ago, Dr. Faust, of the Peking Union Medical College Ins- tituted an "inquiry into the preva- lence of malaria in China and while his records are still fragmentary he has been able to indicate the vast toll, in lives and in ill-health, which this disease takes annually from the Chinese population. From total absence of infection in the North-west province to a light in- cidence in Manchuria and the North-east maritime districts, the
A number of interesting letters disease becomes increasingly preva valent along the Yangtse Valley were received by the Chamber and down the coast until it reach-since their last meeting and these AS es almost saturation point in Hain- were read to the meeting by the an, Kwangtung, and along the Secretary, Mr. Ip Lan-chuen. borders of Indo-China and Bur- each letter was road the Chant- ber discussed the subject contain mah.
Amongst other dis- ed in it. cussions the following, which are or public interest took place.
From a scrutiny of the Medical Reports of the Maritime Custonis Service and all the hospital re- ports available, Faust is struck with the fact that there has been no material change in the amount or distribution of malaria as a whole during the last fifty years.
Incentive in Hongkong.
Other Matters.
A pawnshop keeper of Welling. ton Street wrote in to invoke the asistance of the Chamber towards getting his licence renewed by the police. He pointed out that he had been a licence-holder for some
The Chairman informed the
There has never been a system-years. tic malarial survey of this Colony meeting that enquiries made by and we have no statistics of any the Chamber showed that the po value for estimating the prevalen-
ce of the disease in our midat. Inlice had found opium in the pawn- the city of Victoria, whatever the shop and suspecting it to he an condition may have been in the pium divan, had refused to re- past, malaria is now indigenous, issue the licence. The Chamber Was therefore unable to assist the but in the villages scattered over. the island and in the New Terri-pawn broker, under such circum-
stances, tories I believe, frum observa- tions made in the Government Ci- vil Hospital, that at least 70 of the population have at one time or another suffered from malaría.
Here is surely incentive enough for tropical physicians to explore all possible channels of research and to take stock of their arma- mentarium for dealing with this paramount disease.
Three Malaria Carriers. In Hongkong and the neighour hood there are at least eight species of Anophelenés but there are only three worthy of consi- deration as malaria carriera, viz.
Commercial School.
Steps are being taken to esta blish a commercial and industrial school in Hongkong. The Cham- ber is exceedingly keen to see such.
school established and is now taking steps to ask the assistance of the Government in the matter of a building site which would in- clude both the Chamber and the School. It is intended to dispose of the present premises if a sul table site is available.
Hongkong Money Discounted. Passengers of the Yaumati Ferry have written to the Cham- ben complaining that on
the A moctatus, A. hyrennus var. Hongkong Wharf, when a ten-cent sivensis, and A. minimus; the others are too rare to be of any piece is tendered the Ferry Com- account. Although A. maculatus rany places a discount of ten per is the predominant mosquito there cent on the coin and gives change is a general idea amongst the pr- as if the coin were worth only fession that A. sinensis is the nine copper cents. A five-cent chief carrier, but there has been piece is similarly treated... no attempt at systematic dissection in this area and the charge against A. sinensis is not proven.
The habitat and the conditions favourable to mosquito life are slightly different for all three spe- cies, and it is quite possible that the local sanitary department is expending a good deal of labour on the destruction of a species which is comparatively harmless. The dissection of 1,000 Anopheles col- lected locally would clear up an important problem and the authori- ties would then be in a position to concentrate on the species incri- minated.
..
Methods of Attack.
The Chairman explained that on receipt of the letter he communi- cated with the Ferry Company and was informed that the com- The ferry Com- plaint was true. rany, however, justified itself by saying that a notice was posted on the wharf to the effect that no change be given and that anybody desiring change would be charged 10 per cent. discount. This was due to the fact that there was no money changer on the wharf. In view of the reply, the Chairman stated that he could not see what steps the Chamber could take.
Contractors Logic. Laughter was created when a Since the only solution of the letter from the Building Contrac- problem of malaria seems to be ters Guild was read. The Guild the annihilation of the carrier, urged the Chamber to do what i are we making any headway in could to get the Government to go our methods of destroying the mos- in for more building work, both in quita? The discoveries of Man- the island and on the mainland. son, Grassi and Roas were the the Government ordered more signal for a great outburst of buildings to be put up, added the sanitary activity in which the doc-letter, the contractors would have tor sought the help of the ento- more business. Needless to add, the Chamber decided to write to mologist, the chemiet, the biolo- the contractors pointing out their gist, and the engineer. The mu inability to dictate to the Gov- thods of attacking mosquitoes ernment. which have met with any degree of auccess car, be classified under three heads.-
amount of labour applied
and
1. Destruction of the breeding-the enthusiasm of the medical of. places, such as by drainage cer in charge of the work, but the and filling in swamps, train-expense is recurrent and In many ing streams etc.
communities It is prohibitive. What
oiling, by chemicals, and by larvicidal fish..
2. Destruction of the larvae by we are in search of is a means of dealing with mosquitoes far more effective than at present exists. 3. By destruction of all kinds of After discussing recent pro- shelter for mosquitoes cut-greas the writer says that the ting down trees, shrubs, and perfect drug has not yet been weeds.
discovered but the first of a series
In certain circumscribed areas of synthetic products gives pro- these methods have been success-mises of something even more ef- ful in direct proportion to the fective than quinine
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