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THE HONGKONG · TELEGRAPH,
SATURDAY, MAY 21, 1927.
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT SIR FRANCIS AGLEN'S
CRITICISED,
AMERICAN JUDGE WANTS ABOLITION.
Cleveland, Apr. 18.-There are
VIEWS.
SPEAKS ON RETURN FROM
CHINA,"
"Undoubtedly all sections of the many crimes many of them 80-Chinese community are united in called minor ones-more serious desiring to abolish the privileged than murder, in the opinion of the position of the foreigner in their newly-organized Anti-Capital Pun-midst. Such national feeling can- ishment Association of Cleveland not be ignorod-it has simply got which is waging à campaign to to be recognised."
This was the view expressed abolish the death sentence in Ohio.
Capital punishment has been yesterday to a Press representa- given its trial, and has failed, ac- tive by Sir Francis Aglen, the re carding to Municipal Judge Letiring Inspector-General of Mari- Stevens, leading sponsor of the time Customs in China who return-
ed to England last month. Association.
Established 1912.
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Recent reports on the situation, Judge Stevens, making. his first public utterance in favour of ond- Sir Francis remarked, were indica-i ing the death sentence, to which tive of a satisfactory trend in pub- cause he has been espoused for lle opinion. "A considerable sec- some time, claimed it is contrary tion of the Chinese is beginning to modern Ideas of criminology to realise that the policy hitherto and penolology. Crime, he said, pursued under Russian direction is now considered disease, is fraught with danger to the caused either by an unbalanced country," he added "It is very un- mind, or through heredity and en- fortunate that a great deal of the propaganda work which has been vironment.
"Electrocutions and hangings carried on has been directed Mrs. J. CRAWFORD. have failed in the first place." he against Great Britain, but, of certain said, "to protect society-the end course, in the Chinese mind there for which they were designed, is a historical basis for Murder has increased alarmingly amount of feeling against us. in this country, although ve- The British were the pioneers of sixths of the States still have foreign commercial enterprise in on their China, and they were responsible capital, punishment
for the inauguration of the Treaty books.
"There are now 10,000 murders system." in the United States "every year. "The rate is nine per 100,000 population. Fifty years was two.
Moscow Influence. Pursuing the subject of Russian ago it influence in China, Sir Francis 'de- clared that it had increased "There are many crimes more tremendously in strength during serious than murder, because they recent years: "Chinese labour has affect more people. The adulterabeen" very efficiently organised tion of foods with substances that under Russian guidance," he said, undermine the health of many, is and it has been organised with a a more serious crime than the slay. view to striking at the so-called capitalist Powers in general and ing of a single individual.
Britain in particular.
Many
Abolished in Many Places.
"It is sincerely to be hoped that "The so-called supreme punish. ment has been abolished now in the present movement will bring many countries, and in six States into being a really stable Govern- of the Union. The nations are:ment. China's greatest need is Italy, Brazil, Holland, Costa Rica, for peace. The civil strife now in Venezuela, Norway and Portugal progress is doing untold harm, The states are: Maine, Michigan, and all sensible Chinese people Wisconsin, Kansas, South Dakota are well aware of the fact. and Minnesota; in two other adjustments will be needed to en- States it can be only used where sure a lasting peace, and I fear the murderer is a lifer' in prison. that these adjustments will take a They are Rhode Island and North considerable time. Until there is a responsible authority with which "Furthermore, it is injurious to foreign Powers can negotiate, society in that it is just another [however, there can be no hope of law which is failing to be enforced, commercial prosperity in the coun- Juries are reluctant, they do not try."
Speaking of his own position, Sir give the death sentence very often. This undermines laws and is the Francis said he was still titular chief cause of the increase of head of the Maritime Customs, al- crime in this country. It is the though a mandate terminating his certainty of punishment, rather appointment had been issued by than the degree of severity that the Peking Government.
Dakota.
deters crime.
"I was dismissed on a technical "And these executions do much point," he stated, "the charge to debase public morals. Most of against me being that I refused the newspapers print the details, to carry out instructions to collect And these things cannot but do surtaxes. Certainly I did refuse, harm to weakminded men and for the simple reason that it was quite impossible to collect such boys.
taxes. The Chinese have now rea- "Capital punishment endangers the innocent. Many have beenised this for themselves." sent to their death needlessly, everyone knows.
almost
Fresh landslides have "Life imprisonment is much bet-completely destroyed the village. Southern Roquebilliere, in ter. It protects society just us af well, or better. It makes convic-France, which was mostly wiped tion much more certain. It has out by a landslide several months been tried in many places and age. Now, other slides are oceur-f found successful. And it dering and the few inhabitants left creases the harm when innocent jare moving to safety before their
homes are buried. men are convicted."
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