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as
LENINGRAD.
THE OLD CAPITAL TO-DAY.
RETURNING PROSPERITY.
SATURDAY,
been officially renamed "Prospect of the 25th of October" (the state of the Bolshevik Revolution no- cording to the old Russian eaten- dar); but convenience and tradi tion alike are against the new name, and the street is still usual- ly referred to as Nevaky...
Better Times.
Some foreign visitors to Russin If Peter tho Great could dis- during the period of civil war and mount from the spirited eques-military communism, notably Mr. trian statue which represents him H. G. Wells and Mr. H. N. Bralla-
pointing with outstretched ford, came away
convinced that arm toward the River Neva and Petrograd, artificial creation of stroll through the streets of the Potor The Great, would never re- capital which he built on the vive from the double blow of ex- foundation of a margh, he could
treme revolutionary privations stil! identify a few old landmarks, and the transfer of the capital to gays an Observer correspondent. Moscow. Evonts have not borne The golden epire of the huge Ad-out these pessimistio prophecies. miralty Building, which is a The population of the city, accord- monument to Peter's soaring am-ing to the census which has just bltion for Russia ૩૩ a naval power, still pierces the sky. The been taken, is 1,611,000. This is still 300,000 below the pre-war Fortress of Petropavlovsk, with its frowning bastlons, still domin-gure; but Leningrad is growing very fast; its population increased ates the Nova.
by fifty per cent. during the last The Tauride Palace was built three years. It has permanently after Petor's time; but he could lest several hundred thousand no doubt understand its outline government employees to Moscow; and design. However, he would but its position as a very import- most probably be puzzled on read-ant industrial centre, possessing ing the inscription: "Leningrad seme of the largest metallurgieni Communist Academy," which pro- factories in Russia, has been re- claims the unexpected new uses established. Its industrial pro- to which the palace has been put. duction is estimated at fourteen And amazement would no doubt per cent. of that of the whole yield to one of Peter's characteris- Soviet Union. Its big metal fac- tic fits of uncontrolled rage as he tories were slower in getting into came to realise that a new domin-fall-time work than most of the ant figure in Russian history, an even greater innovator and revo- lutionary than himself, had moved the capital elsewhere and usurped the name of his city.
Preservation of Art Treasures,
other Russian industrial plants, but there have been big strides forward in this respect during the inat two or three years, and Lenin- grad now occupies its pre-war position in Russian industrial life.
Besides its significance as a port and an industrial city, Leningrad seems excellently fitted to become a selentific centre for the Soviet Union. The Academy of Sciences, founded two hundred years ago by Peter the Great, is one of the most important central scientific
Leningrad is less changed in physical aspects than the average foreign visitor might' anticipate. The tales of riotous destruction of historical monuments and art treasures which were freely cir- culated abroad during the early years of the Revolution are nat horne out by personal investiga-and cultural institutions in the country.. And, as the Soviet tion. The city's famous cathe- drals St. Isaac's with its extra- Health Commissar, Dr. Nikolai ordinarily fine mosaic work, and Semashko, has pointed out, Lenin- Kazan, with its conscious imita- grad is far better equipped than tion of the architectural scheme Moscow with buildings suitable and o: St. Peter's, are quite unharmed for libraries, laboratories, and are open to Worshippers and scientiae research institutions. visitors. The Winter Palace, sent of the Kerensky Government, was stormed by the Red Guards in the
No one denies the inconvenience lust act of the Bolshevik Revolu- of an Easter whose date varies tion, but sustained remarkably over a range of five weeks. So little damage in the process. generally are the advantages of a Only a few smashed window-fixed anniversary recognised that panes in the upper storey testify Committen of the League of Na- to the artillery fire; fortunately tions has recommended neither prolonged nor severe, torence in the proposal which Mr. which the palace was, subjected Withera's Bill puts before the by the guns of the Bolshevik House of Commons. This would cruiser Aurora in the River Neva. associate the feast with the Sun- The Winter Palace, like the day following the second Saturday in April, and it has, among many Louvre in Paris, is finding a new
classes of supporters, the special function as & museum and art gallery. The Hermitage, with its endorsement of educational and in-. Since no rich collection of Dutch and dustrial authorities.
Etruscan pot-reasoned opposition is threatened. in which the this seems a case tery Scythian archaeological re- maing, and other
artistic scanty shear of private members' treasures, is expending and gradu legislation might very well have a ally taking up more and more of useful measure added to it. the unoccupied vooms of the Winter Palace. Another part of the palace has been turned into a museum of the Revolution, with 'chronological exhibitions illustrat- ing the course of the Russian re- vohrtionary movement from Pugachev to Lenin,
Flemish masters,
concur.
Time's Revenges. Nowhere in Russia is the con- trast between old and new more striking and more dramatic than in Leningrad. Coming out of the railroad station one is at first aur- prised to see the heavy aquat figure of Tsar Alexander III. on. horseback still commanding the scare. But on the statue is writ ten a grim couplet of the popular revolutionary poet. Dyemyan
Why use an elephant gan to Ryday, Jo the effect that the Tsar's father and son were killed, shoot rabbits? Why take large but he somehow escaped to remain disagreeable purgative pills, or a scarecrow and object of popular nasty oil or salts, to remedy liver! hatred. Equally grin was the and bowel irregularities, when touch of imagination which re- Pinkettes, tiny but thorough, do named the street near the royal just as well. Pinkettes are laxá-! palaces in the suburb of Lenin- tive perfection. They gently dis- grad formerly called Tsarskoe Syelo after Byeloborodov, the re-pel constipation, liverishness, sick volutionary commissar in the Ural headaches, bilious attacks, clear district who authorized the shoot- the akin, purify the breath, relieve Your chemist sells Pin- ing of the Tsar and his family in Piles. Ekaterinburg in the summer of kettes, or post free, C0 cents the 1918.
vial, from Dr. Williams' Medicine Co., 60, Kiangse Road, Shanghai.
The revolutionary renaming of places and streets seems to be even more prevalent in Leningrad than in other parts of Russia. Tsarakoe Syclo (Tsar's Village) has been rechristened Dyetskoe Syelo (Children's Village), be- cause many alling children are placed in sanatoriums there dur- ing the summer months. Senate Square, where the cannon of Nicholas I. mowed down the mutinous guard regiments. which followed those romantic aristocratic revolutionaries, the Decabristi, is now The Square The Decabristi.. Some fifty years ago IL revolution- nry worker named Stephen Khal- turin conceived a plot to blow up the Winter Palace and Tear Alexander II. with it; the plat miscarried, but Khalturin has re- celved posthumous recognition In having the street which runs past the Winter Palace named after him. Nevaky Prospect, the cen- tral boulevard of, the city, has
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