THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, MOTORING SUPPLEMENT. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1925.
GRAHAM BROTHERS
GB
TRUCKS
BOLD BY DODGE BROTHERS LEA.LP YVERS WHER
The ability to insure owners of immediate service at all times is an asset of tremen dous importance to truck manufacturers.
In this respect Graham Bro- thers have an obvious advan tage, marketing, as they do, through Dodge Brothers vast and reputable dealer organization.
1-TON. CHASSIS;
BB 130 W. B.
16-TON CHASSIS::
CB 14" W. R.
B 158 W. B.
U. 8. OY.
HIS CAR.
(Continued from page 1).
THE PLAIN MAN ANDgines is the absolute impossibility of perfect dynamic balance and the uneven turning effort (torque) unloss a comparatively enormous flywheel is used. For thoso rea- Isons it very early became 'stand-i ard practice to fit multi-cylinder casily exploded at átmospheric engines in ears, and the engine pressure, and the stroke dercrib which has most nearly fulfilled od, which is necessary in any requiraments of good balance, case owing to the piston having good i torque, compactness, and to be brought to the top of its, cheapness is the four-cylinder stroke before the explosion" can type, with the result that the [have 'any useful offect, serves number of cars fitted with this| to compress the "mixture" into type of engine is as great as that Comparatively small space of all the other types taken before it is ignited. During this together. Something may bò suid stroke, #ich is known as the later of the merits of the alterna- COMPRESSION STROKE, both, tive types of cylinder, arrange valves are closed.
ment, but at prosent the As the crankshaft continues four-cylinder type only will be its rotation and the piston is considered. ubout to descond again a spark is The cylinders of a multi-cylin made to pass across the "points" der engine are numbered from of the sparking plug, which is the radiator to the dashboard.. screwed into the top of the cylin, Thus the cylinder nearest the [der, and the mixture explodos radiator in a four-cylinder engine driving the piston before it is Number 1 and that nearest the lit with great force, The dashboard Number 4. In this downward, stroke which results type of engine tho cranks is known as the EXPLOSION are set at 180 degrees, which is to STROKE.
say that when two of the pistons
As the piston commences to are at the top of their strokes the rise once more at the conclusion remaining two are at the bottom of the Explosion Stroke the valve of theirs. Numbers 1 and 4 are putting the cylinder into Commu-af top dead centre" when Num- nication with the pipe leading the bers 2 and 3 are at "bottom doad burnt gases away to the SILEN centre". The sequence of firing, CER is lifted from its seating, and or firing order, depends. in the the ascending piston, by a pump-first place upon the limitation |ing action exactly the reverse of imposed by the cycle ofoperations,
that caused on the Inlet Strok, but this leaves two....... possible | Sweeps the furnt or "exhaust "sequences in the case of a four- gases out of the cylinder. This cylinder engine, 1, 3, 4, 2 and 1, last stroke in thig cycle is the 2, 4, 3. The decision as to which EXHAUST STROKE
of these is to be adopted may very
.. S 995
$1,280
51,330
BM 140 W...B.
$1,345
. LBM 158 W. B.
..$1,395
PASSENDER RUS CHASSIS
useful
YB 158" WIB.
$1,600
A Boty for Every Lane of Businesa,
THE DRAGON MOTOR CAR CO., LTD.
33, WONG NEI CHUNG ROAD
HAPPY VALLEY.
1926
SINGER
1926
As summing up the nature of easily hinge on questions con- the four strokes and the positions nected with the comparative of the parts of the engine during twisting strain on the crankshaft them the following table will be, or the possible interference of one
closed INLET VALVE EXHAUST VALVE IGNITION
moving downwards openi PISTON
Inlet Stroke
Spark
pasoja
upwards
closed;" closed.
downwards closed
nado
pasoja
spreadin
Stroke
Explosion
Compresion
Stroke
Exhaust Stroke
cylinder with another in drawing! mixture from the carburetter, but
on the assumption that the first named sequence is probably more: frequently found than the last numed the table set, out holow has been based on a firing order) 1, 3, 4, 2. The table will be found useful for reference and as al check upon, one's understanding of the operation of the engine as a whole. The positions referred
to are "top dead centro" positions of two pistons and, accordingly, "botton dead centre" positions Inf the other two.
Cylinder No.
Position 1
Piston position Stroke about to be made
D.C.
Explosion Exhaust Compression
Exhaust Inlet
Explosion-
Compression
Inler
B. S. A.
MOTOR CYCLES
Famous For Reliability and Economy
Full Particulars from the Sole Agents:
THE SINCERE CO.
Rudge-Whitworth FourValve.Four Speed
MOTOR CYCLES
NEW STOCKS ON HAND.
"ALL ELECTRICALLY EQUIPPED 3.46 H.P. $485.00
4.99 H.P. $525,
4.99 H.P. Combination $775,00
RUDOLF WOLFF & KEW, LTD.
54, Queen's Road, Centra,
Phone C. 2173.
ANNOUNCEMENT
Unlose you are one of a very small minority of Hongkong residents, it is probable that, in existing circumstances, you cannot afford expensive motoring, and even if you are among that fortunate minority, you would still like to reduce your motoring expenses by seventy live. per cent. The way is open to you by becoming a "SINGER" owner driver, which will cost you a quarter of your big car upkoop and take you and your friends everywhere the big cur can, with equal ease and comfort and with the added satisfaction of handling the car yourself. The Singer is designed for the, latter purpose and simplicity and accessibility form its keynote, If you are under the impression that a light car is uncomfortable or ill suited to, this country,"
You we shall welcome the opportunity of dillusioning you by pruotical demonstration. may accept this, but stilkask WHY particularly a "Singer"? We reply for the same reason that the South Kensington Museum are exhibiting a "SINGER" chassis as representative of all that is best in BRITISH light car engineering, and again for the same reason : that local SINGER owners (and their number is increasing rapidly) are unanimons in expressing their complete satisfaction with their cars. One of them recently voluntoored the information that he was averaging 38 miles to the galloon. Do you appreciate, the economy implied by this.? If you want additional reasons, wo would ask you to consider the advantages offered by overhead valve pinchanism (pressara lubricated), pneumatic upholstery with solid leather covers friding on air)-these in addition to all the usual modern refinements, xúch as ro-inforced balloon tyres (Dunlop), four wheel brakes, all weather equipaient etc. The first batch of 1926 "SINGER" models is now on route for HONGKONG and we know that, if you become a Singor owner, you will bo satisfied. OUR INTEREST IN YOUR CAR DOES NOT CEASE UPON PURCHASE, AND WE MAKE IT OUR BUSINESS TO SEE THAT YOU CONTINUE SATISFIED. To ensure oarly delivery of a 1926 SINGER, place" your order now. PRICES FOR EITHER TWO OR FOUR SEATER "DE LUXE" MODELS delivered HONG KONG $2,200. Particulars of the now six cylinder 14/34. H.P. saloon model will be announced later.
FOR DEMONSTRATION AND FULL SPECIFICATION
GILMAN & CO., LTD, HONGKONG BANK BUILDING.
As the valves require to open only once in every two revolutions of the crankshaft the camshaft noed revolve at only half-crank- shaft speed, and it is sometimes referred to by mechanics as the half-speed" or "two-to-one"! shaft. Another name occasionally given to it is that of "secondary shaft," but all these names are based upon the fact that the shaft runs at half engine" speed, a fact which it is 'most useful for a designor to remember when plan- ning drive for auxiliary units, and for ordinary purposes the term camshaft is much the best. The drive from crankshaft to camshaft is always a "positive one, ie, by means of gearing or ai chain, andsit is only necessary to time" this drive correctly in the first place for the operation [of the valve gear to continue
its proper relationship to the movement of the pistons through- out the life of the engine.
in
The process described above may have to be made to take place several times before the engine starte, but however many times the crankshaft rotates be- fore and after starting the sequence of strokes as set out! will continue, and the sequence goes under the name of the Cycle! of Operations. There are other possible arrangements of the pro- of Inlet, Compression, Explosion and Exhaust, but they will not be treated in these articles! because it is most unusual to find petrol driven cars with an engine! not employing the "four-stroke of Otto cycle just describod..
MULTI-CYCLINDER ARRANGE-
CORBOS
*MENTE.
Position 2
Table Continued..
D.C.
Stroke about to be made
Cylinder No.
Piston position
Bjar
Position 3
Exhaust
Explosion Compression
Exhaust
Inlet
Position 4.
(To be Continued.)
WE DRIVE IN HEARSER.
The single-cyclinder, 'petrol: engine is extremely common in small sizes, as required for motor cycles, but it is a long time since: this type of engine made way for more advanced types in practice. Apart from the fact Hearses are what Europeans that it is impracticable to increase call our autos; since most of them the capacity of a single cylinder are painted black and look so above certain limits the great sombro. Most European cars drawback to single cylinder en- havo bright colours,
Car
SOCONY
MOTOR OILS
AND
GASOLINE
MORRIS CARS.
BRITIAN'S MOST POPULAR
LIGHT CAR
THE FINEST MOTORING VALUES IN THE WORLD
· MORRIS-OXFORD
-$2800.00
(4-5 SEATER-4 WHEEL BRAKES,
-$1975.00
-$1875.00
MORRIS-COWLEY
(4 SEATER--2 WHEEL BRAKESĮ
MORRIS-COWLEY
(2 SEATER-WITH DICKEY)
THESE MODELS IN STOCK
THE HONGKONG HOTEL GARAGE
PHONE C, 4759.
MORRIS SERVICE at STUBBS ROAD GARAGE (THE HONGKONG and SHANGHAI HOTELS, LTD.)