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"
that will Ca
Avels battle for honours and af
patent rights is expected to result wireless nofe, ... It from tha. announcerpent in Decauber day just twenty-five America of the Invention of a new years ago that a small boat put kind of radio vacuum tube" by out for the East Goodwin Light- Dr. H.-Preston “ship, carrying the first apparatas Pratt, says & Chi for regular overssa communic
ation. On Christmas Eve the | vago massage.
Thecontroversy wiring up was complated, and may come soon messages were exchanged with- after the mang-out difficulty over the then in- facture of these credible distance of 12 miles. tubes, planned Staid officials from Trinity House to start in had to admit over their Christmas weath or so, and port next day that it was. &; the contenders triumph for wireless talegraphy, those who now and when a few months later} own the Fleming the lightship's call for lifeboats, and De Foreat resulted in rescues from the patents, Despite steamer "R F. Matthews, there Abis probabihis. Wax a general recognition of the Dr Pratt is going possibilities of radio... on with the plans For three years developments, for manufacture were steadily pushed forward of his new tube month by month, but it was again. THE PRATT because of his a December day that brought an claim that it was outstanding wireless triumph. he to whom hon During November, 1901, Marconi ours should go for inventing the had proceeded to Newfoundland to arrange & transatlantic test, original vacuum tate.
and it was on December 19th that the first signals from Poldhu were received by him at St. From John's
TUBE
. The apparatus used on- this
Back in 1976. Dr. Pratt points out, be began sperimental work in wireless telegraphy. then until 1896, he tested every tube in existence, be says..and in 1897 he invented several types of historic occasion would hardly recozuised by wireless tubes, one with the present three be known elements-filament, grid enthusiasts to-day. The trans and plate. Besides, Dr. Pratt mitting aerial was fan-shaped, claims other important radio and consisted of a number of wires evenly spaced along A horizontal insulated stay, all His latest product, the new converging at the lead-in. This) tube, Dr. Pratt claims has these stay was supported between advantages:-
masts 16) feet high, and the Less tube noises, no distortion, power used for the transmissions. free from inductive and static ; was about 25 kilowatts. disturbance, better reproductive The receiving aerial was a capacity, greater volume,operates
inventichs.
on plate voltages from 1 to 150, temporary one flown from a kite. (and the experiments were carried consumes 1-30th to an ampere of out daring daylight, because it current, long distance easily was not until a few months later tuned by filament control, more that Marconi discovered the range) rigid and more durable than of wireless transmission was other tubes, signal strength pro-enormously increased at night. portionate to plate voltage.
Since then development has been
The difference between the swift and sure. Pratt tube and others lies in the control of the electrons.
are
Now powerful stations communicating across the world. The present day tubes," "ex-The man in the street does not] plains Dr. Pratt, fail to control pause to marvel at that fact, but
merely wishes they were not quite so powerful, so that he could tune them right out more easily and listen in for America andisturbed.
"
GRAPHITE IN RADIO.
Although graphite is not usually regarded as a crystal, a short des- Jcription of its properties will not! be out of place for the substance sometimes finds a use in wireless detectors.
Graphite is an element: in fact,} it has precisely the same com-¡ position as diamond and charcoal, the three substances being merely different forms of the same element-carbon. Charcoal may be changed into graphite by dis- solving it in molten iron and! allowing it to crystallise out, and graphite may be obtained from diamond by strongly heating the latter, but it has been found im-' possible to bring about the reverse of the latter process, and particles-electrons, atoms and convert graphite into diamond. molecules. There is a constant. It is true that diamonds have bombardment of these particles been obtained artificially, but in the tube. They may be said their size is microscopic, and they to be running wild.
have no practical use.
of
DR. H.. PRESTON PRATT.
"My tube controls these part- Graphite is found in consider-
B
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"CHANTILLY" The prodir dabcacy of Chapely 5 the machung að the pamera intha megle Hut, motowind, all wird – Xáthaanda vana af sér vel ber að Erase ache a hear mount, known under the name, the tortues-shet stulanty d Chantilly a slet un-postel star al te vorenʻat sat purn? The exposed me a brev, abertas
vand o maak dan sakau ar an mishme mbistwa, d
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icles absolutely. They not only able abundance on nisay parts of THE HUMAN ZOO are controlled, but they are am-the earth's surface. It is obtained plified within the tube and are from India, Ceylon, Siberia, and given a directional movement." California, besides to a much
extent from a few! Here is Dr. Pratt's description smaller
mines which have been of his tube:
at Borrowdale, in Let us assume that the worked
ก soft, sour.... C electron energy-the Cumberland. It has files located in the centre shiny, greyish-black appearance. of a uue which a vacuum has and it is soapy to the touch. been established. I place a re- Graphite is often used as flecting desice in the shape lubricant for certain kinds of
small a
cup on machinery, such as acid pumps, either sido of this central spot, in which the use of oil would be these reflecting surfaces facing inadmissible. Colika diamond, each other. Interposed between which is a non-conductor, grap these two cups, in addition to the hite easily conducts electricity..
For purposes of wireless spiral filament, is a spiral grid and a spiral plate, just the same rectification, graphite is usually Of great psychological interest | painful details of her life rere as may be found in any three employed, in combination with of soft lead were her descent and au- revealed she would jump up and element tube, except for design galena, a piece
pencil being used to make tecedents. She is of Serb
action, and one of her ancestors, der to make ber come back the
ex-run out of the court, and in or and arrangement.
The two reflecting surfaces contact with the crystal. Only some centuries ago, was a ruler, audience had several times to be concentrate the material particles a very light contact is necessary. A sensational law-suit recently Voyvoda. Her tribe, having to excluded. Later on the judge and in the centre of the tube at the and the pressure is somewhat against Milica Vukobronkovic, fight against many enemies, was Public Prosecutor changed their central spot, taking them away critical. A graphitegaleria de which lasted five days and stirred banished and outlawed, and in attitude and treated her very from the outer surface of the tube. tector is one of the most sensitive Vienna profoundly, had some ex-course of time
deteriorated severely, and the prisoner vehe. From this central point these means of rectification which that The gifted so badly ceptional features.
of them mently protested against being material particles Complete the under ordinary circumstances. It and imperious young lady, who ended as degenerates. Milica tortared."
filament plate circuit in the tube. is possible to obtain. That is, the last of this wrote poems, first worked as is
**- There is much discussion in the This action, Dr. Pratt bolds, of course, provided a thoroughly. teacher at an elementary school fortunate clan. Some years ago Press and among the public whe- tends to increase the strength, good galena crystal is used.
Graphite is not in general use, and afterwards became secretary she was charged with having ther it was right to sentence her activity and intensity of the elec
However, on account of the to a publisher. She had a liaison attempted to poison a farcily to three years and a half in prison trical oscillations.
critical nature of ite-adjustment. with him and tried to remove his also in connection with a man instead of perhaps sending her to
APTER TWENTY-FIVE YEARS, and because of the introduction wife and children by poisoning who interested her. She is of a hospital, as none of the poisoned them with white lead, which she extremely hysterical disposi-persons had died or suffered un- The month of December seeme of other crystals, which if slight contrived to get into rasks and tion.h
daly from the consequence of her to be specially connected with ly less sensitive, make up for other foods instead of sugar. Sher At the trial just finished she den ere, During he trial the rewireless development and its dul therr deficiency in that respect
of the by a much greater ease of opers declared that she had acted "în ied her guilt repeatedly, although ceived no fewer than fifteen offers days has a state of dreaming."
brightest incident in the histortion.
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