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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,
TYPHOID IN HONGKONG.
(Continued from Page.) oach day and store it in recept. acles which are very liable to con- tomination. They take pails, tins, cans, etc., to street bydrants and draw water. Such portable vessels may well be liable to contamina- tion in the yards and kitebons of Chinese houses. "
Water is even" obtained from pullaba and other sources of questionable purity to supplement
WEDNESDAY, JULY 18, 1923.
The Chairman: As regards the Chinnae the increase this year over last year is I think, accounted for almost entirely by the large in crease in the number of reports from the Hongkong Mortuary?
difficult to get any reliable data. The incubation period is so long that it may be four or five weeks after infection that a report from the Mortuary is sent in.
The Chairman: There is a very large influx going on at present?
The Medical Officer of Health:
The Medical Officer of Health: I have not the figures with me, but I know that quite an astonishing very large indeed. When I say number of cases of typhoid fever that certain cases are imported I has been reported by the Officer in bave very good reason for saying charge of the Fablie Mortuary, a, ded because 1 say that others and I have also remarked that out" are not imported it is because I of those cases a large number are have not sufficient information to. children.
go on.
Higher Than I Ought to be,
The Chairman: Would you te gard a total of 148 out of a popula tion of 600,000 to be a large
number or small?
Abandoned "and Destitute: The Chairman: Something like the scanty supply available from 95 per cent of the corpses admitted the public maias. Under these circumstances it is not surprising to the Mortuary are the of the that there has been an inabandoned or destitute?
The Medicaliser of Health: The Medical Officer of Health: creuse in a water-borne disease. To what extent carriers of typhoid I have not gone into the figures. Of course much depends upon the axist amongst us is not known, but but I know that for the five years sanitary condition of the Colony. they certainly exist, and at a time I was in charge of the Mortuary Having regard to the fact that the all the cases taken water supply bere is of a ligh when the disease, from whatever nearly
there ·were either destitute or degree of initial purity I think 140 original ease, has increased, car riers will have increased also. A abandoned people.
cases is somewhat higher than wa The irrense ought to have. If we could mala. some what analogous pulbreak of a "The Chairmao; water borne disease occurred in theems, therefore, to be entirely txin a constant supply of water year 1902 when the Colony was restricted to the very piour? and got bave "it collected" in short of water and the Chinese
all sorts of receptacles and places, were restricted to a small daily in
I think we should have much less Water was| termittent supply. then also collected and stored by!
typhoid than we have got. the Chinese under insanitary con ditions and an epideinte of cholera, to the extent of nearly 600 cases, necurred.
The Cause of the Epidemic.
If for the term "source of in
The Medical Offer of Health: a very large extent, certainly The Chairman: Would I be entreet in saying thas of the Gav erament water supply was the cause, that there would be no distinction made between rich and
poor.
Replying to Dr. Koch, the Medi cal Officer of Hesith said he had for many years heard rumours of people leaving the Colony when there was disease about. They suddenly became ill; got frightened đað rún away, In many cases the Sanitary Bard took action to clear
The Medical Officer of Health; the Government water supply fection in Dr. Koch's question was contaminated either at its substitate the term "principal sources or during distribution. 1 them out for a period of 48 houra Factor in the spread of the disease," would expect no discrimination whilst disinfection work wae io pro- I may say with reason that it has between rich and poor or discri-kress at the houses, not been the quality of the watermiation between, localities. As supplied by the Government should expect as much typhoid which has been the probable cause fever according to population at of the typhoid epidemin, but the the Peak as at West Paint or at want of sufficient water to maintain East Point.
In constant supply and the ine
vitable conecipiences of such shortage.
11 Do Kch thought the discussion proved that the Department was insufficiently staffed they wanted a Medical Officer of Health who could devote his whole time to making enquiries into esses as soon as they were reporteď The Medical Off- cer of Health was so overburdened with work that he could not pɔs- gibly do mre than he was doing at present.
The Chairman : The conclusion. I bave one to is the same as yours.
With regard to the fourth ques tion; the Medical Officer of Health. sid be bad prepared a table show- ing the monthly incidence of The Chairman:
The Medical Officer of Health: Yes, substantially the saine.
I think you
ts plan and paratyphoid fr i gave the total figures as 148 leenl
Would be correct in s 1913 to 1923. Taking the first six cases
months of this year, he found thereing that it is quite possible that were 1 ruses of typhoid and porn certain number of the 148 may b typhoid, of which 11 were para-imported cases?
typhoid and the remainder typhuid. The Medical Officer of Health: Comparing the figures with those They may be. It is extremely}. cl previous years. he found that in 1922 there were in April Hi eaves,
As against 24 this year. In May there were 14, as compared with
1. and is June 1. us enc pared with 55. The Daly pre. vions et of the "lant ten and a half during which there, was any incidence which was at all comparable to that of this year, was that of 1918, when in April [there were 17 "cases, in May 32 and June 44. This year, however, |-howed during the last there!
months ጴ greater incidence typhoid and paratyphoid since and acluding 1913.
Coordination Needed. Dr. Koch thanked the Medical Cicer of Health for his very, full and exhaustive statement. It was! very evident that the Chinese were the great sufferers at the present time froin the disease, and it pointed rather strongly, as Dr. Pearse had said, to the question of the water supply. He asked whether any effort had been made to purify the water"
The Chairman That point does! not arise at the moment,
Dr. Koch said that it seerned to bim rather s pity that they had the Medical Oficer of Health claiming that the water storage was respon. sible for the increase in the pum. ber of cases and that apparently. anthing had been done to couster. aet this by giving warning to the Chinese.
The Chairman: Isn't it difficult! to anticipate? - As a matter of fact we are not the Water Board.
The Koch: think the Water Anthority and the Sanitary Board ought to work hand in hand. We ne so dependent on each other We are not working in water-tight eqppartments
The Chairman: The question which appents to arise out of the Medical Officer of Health's reply. Why can't we get toure water, and the answer is that we capact control the rain. I would! tike to put one or two subsidinggi question, to the Medical Officer of Health. I think. Dr. Pearse stal ed sant the figures showed no to-
crease.
If
infec-
The Medical Oficer of Health: No appreciable 'increase. we have an increase of tious disease..amnuget. the Chi- nese, wo are likely to get more carriers in motion and to see a elight increase arúng non Chinese, but the slight increase bas only. barn.s factor recently. So fRE DA this year is concerned. I have shown that there is a decrease of l one case, although from the 23rd, to the 27th week of this year there was a slight increaes.
The discussion then dropped.
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