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EXPERIMENTING WITH THE EINSTEIN THEORY.
MONDAY JULY 18. 1921.
should go around fasteak Dr. WU-HAN CITIES QUIETER. Silberstein explained, and the
second my which travels on the
outside of the triangle in the Position well in Hand: Decora- direction of the earth's motionations Galore: Capt. Dollar's should go slower. By first co
Munificent Gift.
Professor Silberstein's Attempt to Determine the Drag of
rering the transparent portion): Ether: Map Upset Relativity. and then uncovering it so as to There is a 2nneral-fsaling of let the second ray travel around confidence thas Governor Wang A proposal for an experiment the triangle a shift of the "inter has the position well in band mad which may prove Einstein's ference patterns at the point of has nothing is to be feared from theory of relativity to be all intersection should be apparent his troope states
a report in wrong has been placed before: This consequence of the other reference to Wochang and that soleatifio men at Princeton, and theary is obvious and already region. The efforts of the com it bas aroused the greatest in-known, Dr. Silberstein said, and spirtors seem also to be ending so terest This is to test the pull of he has drawn attention to it in afar. The methods of secret ser- the rotating earth upon the other paper recently read in Chicago,vice are truly carried to a fins arı to lear whether there is a drag. worked out the shape of the in China. The Military Governor whole or partial, and it has rays, which are more rigorously apparently has spies in quite several possible results, the most spiral shaped than the usual intimate touch with the con- important of which is its effect parabola. Moreover he has spirators, some of whose agents on the theory of relativity. worked out the theory of this have already been arrested. A
日
So important is the experiment terrestrial "experiment on little bary of tham was surprised judged to be by those who Einstein's theory of general just outside the British Conces bave learned of it that Professor relativity. and found that sion: seven were captured, with Albert A. Michaelsam, the in this latter theory the shift bomba, and revolvers upon thair who made experi-effect abould have necessarily the parsons, the otherm escaped. ments to determine the pass-full valus of 1.4 tringe widths in General Wang bas' again issued age of the earth through the an experiment performed with a langthy proclamation declaring either the failure of which to green light at the latitude of Chi-ja stringent martial law, The give a positive result led to the cage. discavery by Einstein of bis laws
of relativity-and who recently
at
WHAT IT WILL PROVE
rights of search, arrest, censor- ship of latters and telegrama ara being claimed to the full.
REWARDS ALL ROUND. Wang's opponents in the Pro- vincial Assembly have been a
remoral
discovered a way to measure the Based on the other theory the diameter of fixed stars, has offer-effect should be either equal to ad to perform the experiment) this full value, if there is no drag- himself. Professor Einstein was ging of the other by the spinning
first inclined to
doubt earth, and no effect at all if there
of Wang. but the on his theory, but, after thinking be only a fraction of the full effect majority, as before, are faithful that it would have say bearing is a full drag. Finally there would erting themselves to secure the it over, has decided that it is a if there is a partiat dragging of to their patron and seem quite new and practical way of testing the other by the spinning earth.reconciled to his continued stay If, therefore, the experiment in Wachang. The usual shower bis theory, and has described it]
which Professor Micbaelson will of distinctions and honours has as wonderful."
has been perform gives a fall value of the fallen upon those who have "dis The experiment evolved after months of calcula-shift, this will harmonize with the tinguished themselves by meri- generalrelativity theory as well as tion by Dr. Ludwik Silberstein with the ether theory, but if the mutiny, General Lui Teo-lung during the of the research laboratories of
Kodak affect is nil, or only a fraction of Commander of the Fourth Mixed the Eastman
the full shift of 1.4 per square Brigade, is awarded the Fifth Co. in Rochester. As out-lined kilometre, it will be a death blow Order of Merit Generals Tu to the relativity theory," although Yuan and Kao have also received compatible with the ether theory; decorations of "The Spotted testifying simply to partial Tiger" for loyalty, promptness drag.
by Dr. Silberstein the theory is briefly this:
torious
service
and decision at the time of theị matiny. Qc must be paid for faithfulness, as well as com mons soldiers, it seems,
WHAT NEW THEORY MEANS. If a beam of light is sent around
closed circuit in one direction When Dr. Silberstein out ined end at the same time in the other his idea to Professor Einstein the direction the time taken by the latter was doubtful of its applica- light in both cases is equal, pro- tion, but after thinking it over a
General Wang is bestirring vided that the experiment is day or two, told Dr. Silberstein himself with anwoited zeal in performed by means of an ap that be appreciated the sound the preparstion of the soldiers paratus fired in the luminiferousness of the reasoning on which if hslang for the fifth month. This medium, or ether. If, however, was based, and said it was of the will go far to keep the troops the apparatus is rotating with the highest interest. He showed the quiet, as long as it doesn't end arth with respect to the ather, greatest impartiality, and said by merely in a promise. Now that then the times taken by the light would gladly recognize a fraction the matinens troops have been cover the circuit in one al shift as a blow to his theory, divided up and foisted in smaller and the opposite directions will and at the same time enjoy the fetachments upon the country demonstration of the novel phefistricts, we begin to hear the mens. However, both Dr. Si murmurs of those who have had børsteja and Professor Einstein perforce to find a welcome for beli-ve that the full shift effect these same soldiers. It is tra
that some already have lost will be shown.
and all of them have learnt a lesson, but the cool insolence and tyranny of these com- panies of troops in country listricts is well known and will certainly be increased by the mutiny of Wachang. How the common people groan under the of their supposed Ppression protectors!
diffe.
The lagging behind of one rela dive to the other will be greater, the greater the velocity and the grater the area enclosed within the circuit. To give a numerical example: If the enclosed area f a horizontal circuit is one | 'quare - kilometre and if green licht be used, and the experiment is performed at the latitude of Chicago, and if the angular velocity relative to the ether is 160 degrees each 24 hours, then the retardation will be as great 1s 1.4 periods of oscillation of the light used.
I.
THE MICHAELSOS-MORLEY EXPERIMENT.
the
Board of Managers,
of
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Dr. Silberstein warned agains any confusion of this experimen with the Michalson-Morley ex periment which led to the theory of relativity, but there is this similarity in that they both used light rays for which the ether is the medium to detect motion of the earth in the ether. In th THE NEW Y.X C.A. OPENED. Michalson-Morley experimen
There was an interesting cere- By modern interferometric the attempt was made to learn methods, the method used by Pro- the translational mation of the mony at the Wachang Y.MA A
when the handsome new buildings, s fessor Michaelson in determining earth, whereas in this experiment be size of the star Betelgeuse, in the attempt will be made to deware opened, by the donor, Cap ain Robert Dollar, in person. he hands of skilled investigators termine what effect the spinning The chair was taken by Mr. .001 of a period can be messar-motion of the earth has upon L Wei-lin, chairman of the vdi. The retardation of aether. eriod means visually the shift In the Michison-Morley the Wachang Y.M.C.A, whe YOU CANNOT AFFORD TO BE WITHOUT THEM certain interference pat experiment the light ray wpoke briefly, welcoming with a
PANAMA CANAL TOLLS. equality, so that there shall be terns by the whole fringe widths, split and one part sent for cordial heartiness their venerable
no discrimination against any and it is possible to messure ward in the direction cl
soch nation, or its citizens or quest, Captain Dollar. Dr. Wu,
Administration and Treaty objects, in respect of the com- the earth's motion, anc
of the Hanyang Iron Work, gave xactly 001 of a shift.
· Obligations." The shift is ascertained by the other sent to a mirror on the
a welcome in English to the
ditions or charges of traffic or the split light rays side. It was argued that by send gallant captain.
Unquestionably Americanships otherwise. Such conditions and Captain Dollar said bow glad in the constwise trade should charges of traffic shall be rTERSON- around the circuit of an equiling light signals though equal
teral triangle. At one corner of distances in different directions he was to see the speedy compass through the Panama canal able. he triangle is placed a semi- the light to the aide should reture plation of the building. His soll free, and all American ships,
in purpose
waking unless, for the reveane which ilvered plate of glass, whose before the light sent on a chasereel
gift to Wachang they produce or for other reasons, the Suez canal. When Congress function it is to split the light after the mirror which is moving bis beam into two partial beams. The about with the speed of the was to make the young Chinese it is deemed best to collect tolls on acted-a-law exempting our- other two corners are occupied by earth.
of the city good all-ron d men for the present.
coastwise ships from tolls the nirrors. This triangle may en- *If one had gained on the other He felt confident in the Chines But there is a right way and a British Government protested it lose an area due square kilometre by even a fraction of the time of management of the Y.M.C.A. and wrong way to proceed to the ac-as a violation of the treaty, By
Bogue Convention in extent, although Dr. Silberstein vibration of a single light wave wished to express his thanks to complishment of a desirable pur. the hopes it will be possible to per the fact could be detected," wrote three keen Y.M.C.A. workers, Dr.pose. It is always best to find are bound explicity to submit form the experiment with a Professor Henry Russell, the Yen Teh-thin, now in Americe. the right way and then take it questions involving the inter- triangle of only 1 of a square Princeton astronomer, in speak- Mr. A. M. Gattery and Mr. W. C. It happens that, owing to the in-pretation of treaties to arbitration, kilometre,or even less.
ing of tide experiment, and the Jordan. Captain Dollar had been excusable blanders of our states. Instead of doing so, Congress, at
Tes which we ordinarily call greatly impressed in his recent men in 1870, we so engaged our-request of President Wilson, rÐ..... LIGHT RAYS TO BE USED.
light vibrate at the rate of about trip to Szecbuen by the immens-selves with Great Britain that we pealed the law. The light beam reflected from 600,000,000,000 per second. possibilities of the Upper Yangtze could not proceed at all to the Now it is proposed to re-enact the silvered portion of the plate Michaelson and Mority tried Valley. He was much moved by construction of any canal con- the law anderen exempt all of glass moves in a curve resembl their experiment, and in place of the destruction of property in secting the Atlantic and Pacific American ships. Should we do so. ling a parabola to point on the inside of the the easily measurable result- Wucbang owing to the mulinyasa national property, or in fact, Great Britain will again protest, tringle, and against the rotation which they anticipated, they go Re eaid that this must be re-do Buything about a canal with and unless we have adopted the and changed. The oat the consent of Great Britain. German "scrap-of-paper” policy nothing. The Ight waves came medied
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of the earth.
from
point
This is the ray.
A SCRAP OF PAPER OR WHAT I
That is the rule that applies to
Wo
that is first sent by reflexion on back over the two paths in ex- Captain concluded by quoting It was a bad bargain for us, but we must submit the interpretation shutting off the transparent actly the same interval of time." from Joshua, reminding them it was a bargain, and we kept it of the treaty to an arbitral tribu
When this came to Einstein's that courage and faith and the Except by an open violation of anal portion of the glass. The second
How an arbitral tribunal would ray goes in the opposite direction attention and he studied it for & presence of God would bring them treaty we could never have built
the canal at all without the con- interpret the paragraph of the through the anailvered portion of time be came to the conclusion success and prosperity.
Abost of complimentaryent of Great Britain, says the caual tresty above quoted each of the glass, and also moves in a that it was not possible by speeches, followed, delivered by San Francisco Chronicle. In 1899 is at liberty to judge or guese curve almost parabola from point physical experiment to detect the the representatives of the Military the British Government did give for himself President Harding to point on the outside of the existence of absolue, straight and Civil, Governors, the Com convent to our building the canal is said to be of the opinion that triangle. The difficulty arising ahead motion, and laid down the from the impossibility of invert principle that only the relative missioner of Education, the Chair- as a national enterprise by the rather than try it he would prefer ing the direction of the earth's motions of bodies in the universe man of the Famine Bellef Bureau, Hay-Pauncefote treaty, but for to endeavour to make a new deal the Commissioner of Foreign the surrender of rights under the Senator Borah, on the contrary, rotation will be met by an in-can be studied.
Affairs, Mr, Kung Tau-ta'ai, a Clayton-Bulwer treaty Great would ignore the treaty or intar- geniaus technical device invented And as the original Michaelson- Chinese lawyer. The American Britain made, as she had the pret our way proceed to act. by Prof. Michaelson.
Morley experiment gave rise to Vice-Consul and Mr. A. E. right to do, certain conditions, It would sesin good policy": The point of interference of the theory of relativity, Dr. Marker, Chairman of the British that bearing upon the present carefully to consider which of these two light rays is where the Silberstein explained, so the ex- Chamber of Commerce, also esse reading as follows:
these courses is right or wrongs delicate measurements which will periment to determine the pull spoke. Dr., Gilman in closing The canal shall be free and before going ahead. There is al detect the raine of the experiment on, the ether by the spinning made an excellent speech on the open to the vessels of commerce, ready quarrelling enough in this will be made. The ray which earth may either cozzoborate the international scope and wal and war of all nations observing world-San Francisco Chroni- travels against the earth's motion Einstein theory or destroy it.
purpose of the Y. M. C. A.
these rules on terms of entire cle.”