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THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 4 1920.
FUTURE OF THE EMPIRE. ation are already wararing, al-
CAN BRITAIN HOLD MIDDLE EAST!
though they understand no more about Bolavism than they do about Bolivia.
►
a
LABOUR VIEW OF BOLSHEVISM.
MR, BEN TURNER ON THE TERROR.
We are therefore in a mass in Locat Fraser writes in the Persia. We must either get out
Mr. Ben Turner and Mr. Tom Daily MailOne morning re-pow or face the alternative of be- cently a flotilla of steamers packed ing compelled eventually to enter Shaw, M.F., who were members with Bolshavik troops appeared into a sort of veiled military of the Labour deputation to off the little Persian port of occupation of the country, just as
an interim report of the deputa Enzchi, on the southern shore of we did in Egypt long ago. States Russia, have returned home with
tian. the Caspian Sea. The Bolshe-men and the War Office will pe
Mr. Turner, in an interview, sike came ashore and marched haps tell you that there is
There is not, and
gives a candid description of the in, and the British garrison, 400 middle course.
they know it.
condition of affairs in Russia strong, marched out.
You may perhaps be told under the Bolshevisis. He says The story sounds trifling and
"There has been a red terror, remote enough as you sit on the farther that there are British ol breach Most people in this coun-fields in Parsis, which we must and the Bolshevist leaders say try bave never heard of Enzeli,protest because we need the oil. that force will be used so long as ang in truth it is a deadly dull The Persian oilõelda are situated there is a possibility of a conn- near the head of the Persian ter-revolution, and so long as the Yet, if rumour be correct, that Gulf, not far from the sea, in semi-Polish war continues. They de
spot.
small episode was one of the independent territory, and we can clated-1 msself do not know sinail episode was one
things which brought Mr. Lloyd protect them without running that they are surrounded by spies
and supporters of the old regime." George up to town from his about over hall Asia.
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It has been reported in the retreat at Cobham. Those dis- The protection of those Persian lembarking Bolsheviks and the oilfields has already cost this Fress that during the Red Terror
handful of British and Indian country hundreds of millions of 10,000 people were shot. soldiers marching away over the pounds and tens of thousands of official figure which he saw was dreary level road to Reshi were lives. Had it not been for them $500, and most of the executions, a parient.
we should never have gone into be was told, were for acts of treachery behind the lines during They had suddenly thrust into Mesopotamia at all.
the Denikin and Koltebak cam- prominence a mighty issue which
The Persian oilfields have little paigns. The Bolshevists, he said. stretches from the Dardanelles to
or nothing to do with the present did not disguise the fact that the Khyber Pass on the contines Persian problem. On the other there had been a Red Terror of India. They had covered the hand, oil has everything to do following each White Terror. map of the Year and Middle with our policy in Mesopotamia They said that the White Terror' East with one huge note of in-There are oil deposits nes: Mosul, came first terrogation. They concerned son bundreds of miles in the interior. and me and all of us.
The question they implied were there:
GREAT LACK OF FOOD.
FRESH GRUYERE CHEESE
PINEAPPLE" BACON
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LANE, CRAWFORD & Co.
They Delicious
and quite close to the mountains which form the southern borders: With regard to the scope of the of Armenia. I do not quite know investigation, Mr. Turner said no limitations whatever Are Britons prepared to serve in why so much stress is laid on the that large numbers in Mesopotamia, Mosul cilñelds. My information ware put on the movements of and possibly in Persia, and to ex-is that there is far more oil in the the deputation or the inquiries kage in frequent warfare, not for valley of the Middle Euphrates. they made. "I do not mean." be a few months, but for a period though it has not been sa care said, "that they thrust documents: at us, but we were allowed to see which will never end until our fully investigated. legious are withdrawn, as the We have been told that we are everything we asked for. Roman legions were withdrawal to "accept" a "mandate for were brutally frank about their from Britain?
Mesopotamia in order to gain shortage of necessaries and their Are British taxparers, already control of the Mosul oil. The bardship, and their intention to crushed with taxes and protit couple of millions of hybrid Arats win through, even though that; duties and threats of levies, who form the sparse population means the employment of con already taxed several times more are quite a secondary considera-siderable force. They hid nothing even though it told than Frenchmen ot Italians or tion. We are so irrigate their from ca. !millions annually for a big stand-them, although most of them do material condition of the country
bad that they did not] do not want us at all. We get is so ing army in the Middle Eas27
Supposing the men are ready, the oil for nothing. but we are to attempt to hide it. There is great supposing the taxpayers are will-charge them for the water faslack of food and clothing, of FAN materials, and of transport. They ing, bave we the strength and the their thirsty crops.
bave had a tremendously tierce Already there is a grant deal of battle with disease. They have resources to control vast regions which have always speli ruin and quarrelling about the Mesopera had a million cases of typhos, decay to these nations which have main oil, and what is to be don
and scores of thousands of cases with it and how it is to be shared.of malaria and small pox, and entered them from afar off?
The French bare certain claims have no medicines. Neither have Even if every possible con- dition is favourable even if we The United States has made some her fats o pils." have the men, the money, and the son of protestation. The Durch resources, what right bare Mr. are in it. Somewhere in the back
round certain Germanis
Americans, willing to pay mans land and collect revenue from against them. The physical and
Parliament
Mr. Turner spoke of the acute hunger apparent in Moscow and Lloyd George and ons o
Petrograd, arising, partly at any other Ministers to add another lurking. I may have a good deal
rate, from defects of transport.) Empire to our already excessive to say on some future occasion should say," he went on burdens without first consulting shout oil and its contaminations.that there are 3 per cent.
nation? Oil exploitation is a very smeary and the What right have they to talk of business, and my Thirteen Prints gry, although every one gets a minimum allowance of food. accepting on their own respon about it can be toiled down to There were scenes of desolation sibility "mandates" involving this that in regard to Mesin Petrograd. As to the state of immense annual expenditure? I am for "open exploitation the crantryside, we had oals
here not something grossly un-openly arrived at."
limited opportunities of judging constitutional absent their wholej But while the air resounds with as we travelled from one place to
squabbles, not a word is said another.". procedure?
about that patient beast of burden. the British taxpayer.
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new rate of oil
IDEALISM OF THE
BOLSHEVISTA.”
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mote
TRADE WITH GERMANY,
Advice by
the Government ration to these who do not give their best pro- duction considering their physical condition and general efficiency. IN PHILIPPINE TOBACCO, There are no strikes, because the
Tobacco trale between the Government won't have them. There is not the freedom on the Philippines and Germany can industrial side that we bare in now be resumed. this country. Indeed, some of cable was received at the office their proposals regarding prodoc-of the Governor General, and tion and the abolition of the strike sent to the Collector of Customs. The cablegram which was would gladden the heart of some employers of labour here. but they signed by General McIntyre of do not suit me or some of my the bureau of insular affairs Istates that The American mission colleagues."
now in Germany bas advised the ESTIMATE OF LESIN.
Secretary of State that the tobacco Mr. Tom Shaw. M.P..generally market in Germany is now in views such a good condition that it speaking. endorsed the expressed by Mr. Ben Turner, would be profitable for the Philip- emphatically pine tobacco manufacturers to and even showed his dislike of Bolshevism establish connections at once on the ground that it infringes with Germany. The cable reads individual liberts. In particular as follows:
"Head of American mission In he treated with contemptuous scorn a suggestion made by Lenia Berlin has suggested through that, in order to prove whether or that secretary of state that not the British Government is Philippine tobacco exports be assisting the Poles, the British advised to seek German business workers should carry through a immediately. Import of foreiga tobacco is being resumed, and revolution.
Mr. Shaw stated that Lenin Philippine tobacco once had good appears to be very badly informed footing there."
Inquiry at the custom hruse of the state of public opinion in England, and that he was surpris brought out the information that ed to learn that the people of in 1913 the Philippines exported England are neither on the point 2.712.193 cigars valued at P49,094, of revolution, nor are they anxious and in 1914, 2,963,345 cigars were for revolution. "For Lenia to exported valued at Pal 376. The suggest," he went on, "that to exportation in cigarettes in 1913 supply proof that England is to Germany was only 101.496 giving help to the Whites in the valued at P360. Crimea and to Poland we ought
The Gaverament have entered Jupon the maddest of policies in
the Middle East The mistake |
**I think," Mr. Turner proceed- Mr. Asquith and his colleagues oil has got to fight for it, and mar made when they sent Towns bare to keep on fighting. All that ed. "the idealism of the Bol bend's army to destruction on part of the world is destined to be shevists is very good. bai they the Tigris is being repeated en theatre of strife for years to tanno: change human nature by jan infinitely more spacious scale. come. For the Turks of Asia Minor a decree. nor in a few years"
Let me tell the story briefly, are not going to swallow their time. It will take a generation! Fu the later stages of the Men Peace Treaty like a lollipop. The or two 19 arouse up any sub potamian campaign # sent pleasant motion seems to be that stantial realization of their ideal various bodies of troops into while half a dozen countriesiem. I think they will win Persia, first to check the Turks divide the oil Brish and Indian through, but with a modification There is in and afterwards to oppose the troops are to do the zoting, and of their proposals. Bolsheviks in Central Asia and the British taxpaper is to pay. Russia a great division between elsewhere. I honestly thought The nation will take a different the towns and the villages. The towns have depended on the the bulk of these troops had been view.
villages for food, and the villagos withdrawn, and some of them There is much to the argument have relied
on the towns for certainly were. I vaguely knew that we need oil badly, and that other commodities." The to was that a few were left, but suppos- these immense deposits ought poate no commodities to supply, ed they were following the rest. to be abandoned. That is a matter and the villages are not inclined It came as a shock of suprise to for consideration, but if the
to satisfy their requirements of discover that we were still British and Indian armies and food in full, because the means garrisoning a port on the Caspian the British tax-payer are to be of barier are not there. The Bol Sea.
held physically and financially sherist Gorernment is making Last year the Government in order that a
strenuous efforts to overcome concluded an agreement with magnates may make colossal that dificulty. I also think that Persia which, to the beat of my fortunes and live in deer parks the old land system of Russia belief, was honestly conceived. then I would rather see the oil will never be restored. There is We were to help Persia to stand left untapped.
more likely to be something in on her own feet again, to lend In any case. the Government the way of peasant societies." her a little money, to assist ber in are drifting into these immense I asked Mr. Turner if he found raising a small army for her own reponsibilities just 83 Mr.Jevidence that the Bolshevists to have a revolution and seize the protection, and to straighten out Asquith's Government drifted were maintaining a tyranny. her tangled finances. A strong into the Gallipoli tragedy. They Not exactly a tyranny," was is preposterous. It seems to me towns, Mr. Shaw agreed with and independent Persia means are going to garrison Palestine the saswer, nor a despotism. an extraordinary proposal that Mr. Ben Torner and also as to an additional bulwark for India; and Mesopotamis without count- It is su unaccepted dictatorship." we should wade through blood the strenuous efforts which the but I never knew that we were ing the cost, and they may pos-
and revolution in England in order | Bolshevist Government is making to retain scattered British and sibly undertake fresh and
to prove whether Louin is right to relieve i He added the opin Indian garrisons in the country. foolish adventures in Persis. Asked his general conclusion, or wrong. The Bolshevist Secretion that by the confinuation of be able to the blockade the Allies are run- Although Bolshevik forces were They have no money to build a Mr. Turner said: "If Russia Service should wandering about Central Asia million houses at home, but they has pesce, and the blockade is prove whether ammunition is ning the risk of incurring the millions of completely raised and trade being sent from this country to enmity of a vast nation of 150 or last year they did not seem can find endless likely to menace Persia. pounds to throw about in these relations with the rest of the the Poles. Trotsky promised to 180 millions of people, who are Now Bolsheviks have poured Asiatic lands.
world resumed, I think Russia bring proof, but up to the time of now enduring great hardships, Fouth of the Caucasus from What they are trying to do is will be a very rich country in a our leaving Russia it was not Russia and bare seized Enzali to bold the Middle East. They few years' time. The men at the forthcoming. What is wanted in character is interesting. "He of affairs have.
real Russia is that some one should seems," be said, "a very deter nominally to recover certain of will have to do it alone, for there bead
capacity for fa reveal to the Russians exactly the mined man, who knows exactly Lenikin's ships interned there will be no other Power within business No one supposes that they will hundreds of miles of our outcreasing production. The gospel position of affairs in England. what he means, and he is ex- pro- Lenin's knowledge of England is tremely doctrinaire. He regards stop short at Euzeli. They want posts. I say emphatically that of all of them is more
his opinions as though they wern their leaflets and very poor, to see Persis go Bolabavit, Great Britain cannot hold the duction;
proved fasla. He is not only and if the handfuls of British Middle East as well as Indian, upeechse all say the same thing,
blinded by the strength with. troops now in Northern Persia and that if the Government pur? They are giving an inducement of
"I don't like Bolshevism" which he holds his own views are withdrawn, the Shahdom may sue their usesons policy they will exba food, and so on, to sections go the same way as the Teardom. bring the Empire to the verge of of the workpeople to increase Mr. Shaw declared. As to the but he is also crydibly mis
their output, and they are limiting acute shortness of food in the informed.* The wilder sections of the popul-{rüinu
14
ABOLITION OF STRIKES.
documents of the Foreign Office,
DISLIKE OF BOLSHEVISM.
Mr. Shaw's estimate of Lenin's