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THURSDAY. FEBRUARY 26. 1920.

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Telegraph."

H.M.S. Ambrose.

4,

LORD FISHER'S RECORDS, held the Belgian coast and the

A CATALOGUE OF LOST OPPORTUNITIES.

Scheld." Next, had the Fleet, instead of being dispatched to the Dardanelles, burst into the Baltic, making possible the landing of a Russian army on the Pomeranian the Old Contemptibles coast. meanwhile at Antwerp, the war have ended within 12 would months of its opening.

Sir Henry Lucy writes in the Daily Chronicle thus:-

The sweeping success of Lord Fisher's "Memoir" suggests the danger of anti-climax in the publi- A last chance was lost when ∙cation seven weeks later of a sup the German Fleet convoyed the plementary volume. "Records" German army to Riga, presenting now published justifies the in- an opportunity of not only wreck- grained disregard of the authoring the fleet, but destroying the for conventionalities.

Kiel Canal.

Possibly of less historic import- It should be understood that ence than its predecessor, it is these are not armchair reflec- equally vivid in personality and tions, made after accomplish:d | wealth of varying reminiscence. erents. The proposals were con- !

The story of the submarines ceived and pressed upon the forms one of the most interesting Government at dates when they! chapters in the narrative. Here, were workable. as in other phases of evolution of

When, in October 1914, Lord | the Navy, Lord Fisher was ahead Fisher returned to the Ad- : of his time. Writing from Ad-

First Sea Lord, miralty miralty House, Portsmouth, to a with, as he records, the cordial high officiul a letter dated April concurrence and help of the First 20, 190% more than ten years Lord (Mr. Churchill) and Mr. before the war, he said:

Lloyd George (Chancellor of the have not disguised my opinion, Exchequer, be forthwith entered in season and out of season, as to upon the work of building a fleet the essential, imperative, in:-

jof not less than 612 vessels, de. mediate, vital, pressing, urgent (I signed for a big offensive move- can't think of any more adment in the Baltic. Within six jectives necessity for more sub-months, the Dardanelles scheme marines at once, At the very was preferred. and on May 15, least 25 in addition to those now 1916. Lord Fisher finally retired ordered and building, and afrom the Admiralty.

hundred suure as soon as practic-

able, or we shall be caught with

our breeches down,, just as the

Russians have been!"

THE SUBMARINE MENACE.

W

A BRILLIANT STROKE.

In the interval he had dispatch-

new

fed to the Falkland Islands two!

battle-cruisers, ships of a type designed by himself, which,

Shortly after he was promoted arriving at their destination with, to the position of First Sea Lord the punctuality of mail of the Admiralty." It was one of train. destroyed the German supreme command. But so per fleet under command of Admiral sistent was prejudice against von Spee #t 3 moment what admirals afloat and poli-when the British Colony was ticians eshore dubbed "play-almost within its grasp. In things," Lord Fisher confesses records of the British Navy this that in order to give effect to his brilliant affair is a worthy pen- convictions on the subject he wasdant to the master-stroke by -obliged to get the necessary which, 48 hours before war was

money by subterfuge.

actually declared, the Grand Fortunately for the country. Fleet was snugly anchored at be, undaunted, continued through Scapa Flow, the German sub- successive years to peg away marines presently nosing about on the subject. Three months the eastern exit of the Channel before his unfaltering con-wondering what had become of viction was justified that their intended prey. war would be sprung on the civi-

In a letter to Lord Fisher dated lised world by Germany-he wrote July 9, 1918, Admiral Moreshy: tells how one of our article.

to the Prime Minister: And

what is it that the coming of writing Admirals" had sent him the submarine really means? I:

a review of the progress of the war means that the whole foundation in which Lord Fisher's Services of our traditional naval strategy were not alluded to, his name rot which served us 20 well in

"I returned it," even mentioned. the past, has been broken down. wrote the Admiral, "saying it was All our old ideas of strategy are the play without Hamlet. You simmering in the melting-pot. Can we get anything out of it might be wrong or despised," but you could not be ignored.

tion that must be faced."

LOST CHANCES OF VICTORY,

which will let us know where we Our Navy revolutionised; Osborne are, and restore to us something created; obsolete cruisers scrap- of our former grip? It is aques-bed; naval base shifted from Portsmouth to Rosyth; Dread- noughts and battlecruisers in- vented; Falkland Islands victory; Lord Fisher catalogues and and so on. You might as well records, with increased force and talk about Rome without Caesar." added detail a notable series of This is not a complete summary lost opportunities marking the of the services rendered to his course of the war. He contends country by Lord Fisher. The "sol that the Expeditionary Force dis-on" covers at least another page. patched to the Continent in Au-As it stands it would be difficult gust 1914 should "have been sent, to find a parallel in the achieve- not to France, but to Antwerp. ment of any other man than "We should." he declares, "have Nelson.

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AZ French edition..

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PROSPECTS OF JAPANESE SHIPPING.

OPINION OF MR. UCHIDA SHINYA.

The future of Japanese shipping still remains a matter of specula- tion, many different views and opinions being expressed on the subject. The Japanese Press, as usual, is full of views ascribed to various shipping experts. We have already quoted the opinion of Mr. Matsukats Kejiro, the President of the Kawasaki Dock. yard and one of the Directors of the Kokusai Kisen Kaisha and also of the Kawasaki Kisen Kai- sha. Below we reproduce, s statement appearing in the Kobe Fushin Nippo, credited to Mr. Uchida Shinya, the proprietor of the Uchida Kisen Kaisha and alse one of the Directors of "the Kokusai Kisen Kaisha, who from the position of an employee of the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha bas risen to the position of a shipping magnate. Doubtless be is a very smart and shrewd business man and it is, therefore, very interest- ing to note what he has to say on the subject, especially since, an- like Mr. Matsukata, he takes rather pessimistic views.

Mr. Uchida s quoted as saying: that it is impossible to foretell the j future of Japanese shipping with any precision, although the prospects are not bright in view of the present situation of the world. Just as nobody knew beforehand that the war would break out so suddenly and no one could tell when it would come to an end, so it is impossi- ble to say how the present situation will develop. It is, how- ever, incurabent upon people engaged in the shipping business to try to cope with the changing situation and make the best of it.

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Mr. Uchida feels inclined to believe that the present labour. problems will have a far reaching effect upon shipping circles, not particularly in the sense of better treatment of seamen, but in many ways. Strikes are now quite the fashion-ironworkers, miners and many other workers demanding an increase of wages, while office: staffs are also demanding better treatment It goes without say- ing that these demands will not a little effect the prices of iron. On top of this, dockyard hands are demanding an increase of wages. All these factors will] *** considerably add to the cost of shipbuilding, which has now in- creased from Y108 to Y120 per ton and the prices of ships have consequently risen from Y250

Y300

ton. per

Ship- and others engaged in marine transportation will, in turn, here to charge higher freights, and thus the labour problem, starting at the mines and ironworks, comes in the full- ness of time to affect shipping! circles in general. Of the ship- owners and marine transporters, the latter suffer more from the increase in the prices of steamers, for the former in most cases charter their ships to the latter at a higher charterage. To be more precise, the consigners will also suffer, as the transporters will charge them higher freights. Taking all things into considera- tion, however, there is no doubt. that the burden of the transporters will be the heaviest of all. It must! also be remembered that Japanese shipping circles susceptible to outer conditions. Mr. Uchida is of opinion that Japanese shipping circles will be more ruled by the prices of ships than by this world-tide. The present unsatisfactory state of the Japanese iron in- dustry further deepens this im pression.

are • very

Before the war, Japanese ship-| ping totalled 1,700,000 tons but it has now increased to about 2,900,000. The shipbuilding in- dustry bas also considerably developed of late," but the iron industry, which is the foundation of shipbuilding, still leaves very much to be desired in the way of development. The output not only insufficient

ia

but is exceedingly expensive în the cost of production as. compared with foreign man- ufacture. An independent iron' supply is the most urgent question of the day for Japan, but it is impossible to hope for this. Thus the prices of iron will continue to rise, accelerated by the demand for higher wages. Viewed in this light, it is most important that the Government should protect the shipbuilding industry through the subsidiary system and at the same time effect a resolute reduct ion in the Customs duties on the import of iron. This is the way to relieve Japanese shipping circles from the burden laid upon them by the increase in wages and enable them to compete with foreign countries.

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