2
10
THE NEXT WAR.
ISIR LOUIS JACKSON"
FORECASTS.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH,
warfare would probably be, that bombers would not have the same targets near the front of the armies and would secure better results by going farther afield and bombing the centres where In a paper on “The Possibil-munitions were manufactured. accumulated, and ties of the Next War. read at stores were the Royal United Service Institu- troops were trained. tion recently Major-General Sir Louis Jackson suggested that there would be a return to open warfare. Mechanical transport would influence mest deeply the Gases tactics of the future. which killed painlessly might be used. Air fighting would he enormously developed. The lens rife would be succeeded by a short carbine, and artillery would be much more mobile.
ALCOHOL FROM COAL.
PROSPECT OF ABUNDANT
LIQUID FUEL. Middlesbrough, Dec. 16.-The extraction of alcohol from coal oven gas on a commercial scale Dealing with the liaison service, was proved to be possible at a he pointed out that there was meeting of Cleveland Institution much room for simplification, and of Engineers at Middlesbrough by the open warfare of 1918 had led Mr. Ernest Bury, of the Skin- to the elimination of some forms aingrove Iron and Steel Works, of communication which had been In a paper read before the institu- used previously. Wireless tele-tion, Mr. Bury showed that at the graphy would be the principal Skinningrove Works he had suc- means of communicating with ceeded in extracting ethylene faircraft and a development of the alcohol and its derivatives.
electrical listening posts used in trench warfare, a ground wireless Lord Peel, Under-Secretary for system would become the standard War, presided and among these means of communication between He present were Field-Marshal Lord advanced infantry and the head Methuen, Lieutenant-General Sir quarters controlling them. Herbert Miles, Major-General Sir believed also that smoke and light Bond, Major-General signals, a pillar of cloud by day E. D. Swinton, Major-General Sir and a pillar of fire by night, would W. H. Birkbeck, Sir R. H. Brade, be used by troops to show the Major-General E. C. Donald, and positions they had reached. Colonel F. C. Stone.
Francis
Lord Peel said that the subject reached out into almost illimitable fields of speculation. Sir Louis showed how Jackson's "record eminently qualified he was to give his views on the subject. He had been in charge of offensive gas production, and afterwards Dir- actor of Trench Warfare, and Supplies.
ARTILLERY CHANGES. There bad never been a war in which such an extreme variety of weapons had been employed. The long rifle had seen its day and should be replaced by a short carbine which would be accurate up to 500 yards. Each mao should also carry a good dagger which might be made attachable to the carbine like a bayonet. He did not think the automatic pistol would survive, and he was not sure that the would
The practical working of Mr. Bury's process at the Skinning- rove Works, where 5,800 tons of coal are carbonized per week, has gallons of alcohol per ton of coal revealed an average yield of 1.6 the total carbonized, and as weight of the coal which was reduced to coke in this country in 1918 was 14.635,000 tons, the application of this process to the whole of this coal would yield, according to Mr. Bury's calcula-
23,416.640 tion.
gallons, the be value of which would £2.341,664. Having regard to the scarcity of liquid fuel, that in Mr. Bury itself is important.
out that the further pointed recovery of the alcohol at the gasworks of the country would Field a further 27,000,000 gallons or taking alcohol and benzol together, the total quantity of Major-General Sir Louis Jack- son said his object was really to
liquid fuel available from extrac- grenade tion through the carbonizing of arouse controversy on certain
rot also go. if coal would be 114,000,000 gallons, points. It was quite clear that we were on the eve of the most they assumed that in future to meet the country's present total requirement of 160,000,000 extensive modifications in the art they would have open warfare. of was known to history, and the He was doubtful, too, whether gallons per annum.
the Stokes gun would survive.
The process of extraction by changes made in the recent war
For our artillery we must be contact with sulphuric acid is not were only the beginning.
develop guided by the definite idea of the
A new discovery, but Mr. Bury was necessary
has been the first to show its new arms with the knowledge tactical possibilities of the future.
His If they might assume the full commercial practicability. best which that the nation
exploitation of mechanical trans- principal discovery is that the a great did so would have
port greater mobility in artillery best results are achieved at a the next War. advantage in
would be required in
order temperature of 60deg. to 80deg. There were people who were.cry.. ing for a reduction of armaments that guns could keep up with Centigrade, and in his process he the more rapid advance of has carried the utilizations of and who declared that another
the troops. The artillery must heat from the coke-oven, plant to var was an impossibility just as.
be of a character that it could be the utmost limit. Ether, chlore six years ago, they declared war
brought to the required position form iodoform, acetic acid; and im- with Germany Was
in the shortest possible time.
acetone are among the deriva- possibility. In future wars
tives he has obtained from this should be exposed to much greater Caterpillar traction should be
coke-oven at after the benzol has dangers than in the recent war. employed, and if they were to And Germany had not refrained allow for a daily advance of 12 been extracted and at the meeting from saying that she hoped for miles, the guns must be capable at which
of an efective barrage up to 18,000 revenge some day.
yards. He thought a short 42 cun with an accurate range of 12.000 yards and a long 19 gun with an accurate range of 20.000 yards might meet the require- ments of the future.
10
the
C
these results were disclosed some of the foremost metallurgists of the day, includ. ing Mr. J. E. Stead, paid tribute
to the brilliant research.
number of anti-aircraft guns with well-trained personnel would be for the defence of required London. The expense involved was in the nature of a necessary insurance.
The Chairman said that with regard to the use of gas, problemas of ethics in war were extraordin- arily difficult. When the whole life of a nation was pitted against the whole might of another nation it was almost incredible that one of those nations would not use a forbidden weapon if there was anything to be gained by its use, The argument, as we had seen was, "If we win it does not mat- ter what other people say; if we If the
He believed that one of the greatest developments in the art of war would be brought about in The tank mechanical transport. was a freak which had been call- ed into existence by exceptional
The soldier of the future must circumstances which were not he absolutely different from his likely to recur, and which if they predecessor. The days had gone did recur, could be dealt with by by when initiative was considered other means. The outstanding not only unnecessary, but dan. feature of the tanks had been that gerous. In addition to his rifle. they had made mechanical he should be able to handle & transport independent of the Lewis or machine-gun, and to roads. That was going to help the artillery. He should influence most deeply
know something of cxplosives, tactics of the future. If the whole have a knowledge of fuses, ander of the transport of an army was stand signalling, and be capable carried by vebicles with cater-of handling a ground wireless set.
it would be wheels pillar
He should receive intensive train- independent of the roads. There ing and really good instruction. would be no long columns of
The question of invasion being transport, but it could advance in primarily a naval question was open order on a broad front carry outside the scope of his paper, ing guns, munitions, supplies, and though the possibilities of attack-lose, nothing matters."
At the same time fasting transports by aircraft carry- soldier of the future was to be cars and motor cycles would being torpedoes might come within useful for sudden blows at longit. Six months before the war distances.
he was regarded as an alarmist because he spoke of the possibility of Leadon being bombed. The Germans had made a mistake in sing explosive instead of incen- diary bombs. With the greater range of aircraft the position had become more dangerous for us, for we might be sure that every lesson had been learned from the failures as well as the successes of the last war. It was clearly impossible to provide anti-aircraft defences for all the large towns in this country, and they would have to rely for protection upon our air forces. London could not rely solely upon our fighting machines and a large
men.
Was no
FUTURE OF GAS.
With regard to the use of gas in future wars, he said that there more reason to forbic its use than to forbid the use There were gases of rifles. which killed painlessly and it "was easy to conceive cases in which it would be more humane to use gas than explosive shells. That was especially the case with punitive expeditions. might be possible to come to some agreement that no gas should be used which would necessary suffering. Commercial progress and prosperity in the 20th century would depend on chemistry, and chemical produc- tions must have a great effect on all future warfare.
cause
It
-n נ1
It was in the air that we were face to face with the problem of the future. It was in the air that we had had the most important We advance in the art of war. need not trouble ourselves yet with flying destroyers, or flying concrete forts, but in 20 years' time the Air Force Estimates might be the most important part of our preparations for war. Bomb- îng and reconnaissance machines would be developed by commerce, for the machines used in com- Terce could easily be adapted for war purposes, and civilian pilots could be taken
over
with the machines. For fighting machines special types were re- quired and highly specialized military training was necessary for the personnel, For both machines, and the men to man abang, that flying must be Government. return to open
25
S
|
!
SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 7. 1920.
SPORTING TIT-BITS.
Steve Bloomers tips Sunderland as one of the finalists for the English Cup.
£8000 is said to have been paid this season by Northern Rugby Union clubs for players.
Colin Veltch, Newcastle United. has just recovered from paeum- There was a big gamble in onia, and is in training again. tickets for the Carpentier-Beckett. fight, as much as £50 being paid for a seat.
Kent C.CC. had a loss of £158 diture of £549 on the Colin Blythe on last season, due to the expen- memorial.
Kent cricketers will meet all other first-class counties the during the coming season except Derbyshire and Somerset.
scrum
What Rugby Wales is most in need of at present is a half. E. Caswell, late of Cardiff, the Northern was to have been the man, but he has
Union.
to gone
Some say that it is swollen head that is keeping Inman out of the championship tournament: others that it is cold feet, brought about by some recent events and doings of the younger school.
It is interesting to note that the Royal Liverpool Golf Club professional at Hoylake. Jack Morris, was the guest of the club at their annual dinner. He has been the club's professional since its inception fifty years ago.
In the Lancashire Cricket Club county report, the two-days' matches of last season are refer red to as a successful innovation. Notwithstanding the success. Lan- cashire now support the bringing back of three days' engagements.
H. W. Stevenson is of opinion that the billiards champion, no. matter who he be. ought to play right through the championship competition just like the others. Why should be not? is a question most people are asking. They cannot understand Inman's posi- tion.
Major David Davies, M.P., the Welsh millionaire, is financing a scheme to provide indoor and outdoor games and recreation in every town and village through-
oct
his constituency. Mont-
classes are to be included. gomeryshire. Boxing and dancing
J. A. Young (Loretto and Edin- bargh Wanderers), who was in the Edinburgh Inter-City side, was the subaltern officer, of the ill-fated battalion of the Royal Scots which was smashed in the Gretna disaster. He was badly injured in the affair, but patched up, and eventually got to the front.
was
A special appeal has been made by the Minister of Labour to 1500 golf clubs throughout the country. on behalf of disabled ex-service
men.
The total number of men
in receipt of disability pensions is,
nearly 800.000, and although at the present moment, very near- seven-eighths of that number have been absorbed in industry. there still remains a very difficul: problem of placing in unemploy- ment the out standing 100,000. It is pointed out that golf clubs appear to offer unique oppor tunities for the employment of such men under the national scheme as caddies. &c.
efficiens
had come
A truck expert remarked re- been suggested, we should have to pay him more, and the numbers|cently that last summer A. T. would consequently have to be Sloan was doing three inside This technical phrase. reduced. He did not wish to deal eleven."
language implies that Sloan is with the much discussed question ology translated into ordinary fast, for these track men ara of the Air Force, but after what they had just heard he could not
austere people, and will not give help thinking what a very modest sum the £15,000,000 they were the ordinary Rugby sprinting man allowing for it was. He believed credit for eleven seconds unless they get him under a dog-watch, a Kew-tested chronometer, or the connexion between the differ- ent Services was going to be far
some other gauge regulated to greater than it had been in the past. The necessity for a General the calculation of human pro- pulsion to sixtieths of a second Staff which would combine the wisdom of the three great Ser- of time and molecules of an inch vices had forced itself to the front of space. If they give Sloan a certificate for "three inside." it es a question which statesmen would have to deal with very soon.
DCINGS OF THE DUFFS
WHAT SEEMS TO BE YOUR TROUBLE
MR. DOFF
I HAVE A SORT OF DISTRESSED TEBLING AFTER
BATING, DOCTOR.
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DOWN HOW-
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The Doctor Was Making it Easy For Tom-
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BILL WHEN YOU GET IT.
You
WEL
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