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COLONEL JOHN WARD.
STRONG VIEWS AGAINST BOLSHEVIKS.
cracy. Bolshevism is the end of démocracy, and I am certain that if Russia is left to the Bolsheviks it will go back to autocracy"
IN PRAISE OF KOLTCHAK.
I asked Colonel Ward his opinion of Koltebak."
Colonel John Ward. so well known in Hongkong, has come * Koltchak," he said, **is back to England after af absence absolutely English in his ideas. of three years, the last of which and has a profound admiration has been spent in Siberia and for our institutions. In my European Russia. I (a Daily opinion, the only chance for Nerx special correspondent) had democracy in Russia is the the pleasure of giving the popular success of Koltchak. I am told member for Stoke-on-Treat the that he is represented as a bloody first word of welcome to the Old dictator. All I can say is that if Country when I boarded the I had held the office of Dictator Holt liner Talthybius at five in Russia I should not have con- o'clock yesterday morning. He sidered it necessary to consider looked exceedingly well, and was the views of all who obtruded obviously delighted to be at the them on me. Lenin and Trotsky end of the long journey from are real Dictators; Koltchak has Vladivostok.
suffered because he has not been a dictator in the true sense of the word.
Colonel Ward has been engaged in the war against the Bolsheviks. He has been in close touch with
"On the land question Kolt- Admiral Koltchak. He has met chak's attitude shows that he is Russians of every class and of! not the reactionary he is repre- every political complexion.
sented as being. He sees clearly As you know, he said to me," that the distribution of land of the I succeeded in forming four ser-great proprietors to the peasants vice battalions in England-nos cannot be interfered with. It is Labour battalions, as has been proposed that those landowners erroneously stated. It was with who have survived Bolshevism one of these, the 25th Middlesex. shall be given compensation for that I went to Vladivostok in the estates they have lost, but July, 1918. There was a division there is no sort of idea of restor- of Japanese troops at Vladivostok.ing the land to them. Koltchek together with other Allied forces, stends up for the poor peasants and we were up against the forces against what Lenin bas called the of the Bolsheviks. which were village hourgeoisie.” composed in the main of Magyar
+4
and German prisoners of war.
MURDER OF LANDLORDS. I was in command of the battalion
Wes
rich found that during the operations on the peasants had murdered many of Ussuri, which culminated in the the landowners, given a meagre battle of Doskoi on August 24. portion of the poor land to the 1918. We freed the maritime poo: peasants and joined the province from the Bolsheviks. bulk of the estates to their own and rounded them up.
to the holdings. Koltchak, with the Amur. It was when we were at advice of representatives of the Manchuria station that it was de-allies decided, to defend the "cided that the British force rights of the poor and to secure
should go to Omsk. the head-fair distribution of the land. quarters" of the Provisional When this was known, the rich Siberian Government. and we peasants, who had in some cases went there in three huge trains."
merely murdered the landowner but also every mem- ber of his family, raised the cry We had a tremendous re-that reaction was coming, and ception at Omsk," said Colonel that the old state of affairs was
OPINIONS ON BOLSHEVISM..
Ward. The population of that
not
to be restored. In some cases
up the peasants
city was between 60,000 and 70 they stirred 000. Since the Allied occupation it has risen to 600,000. I think against the reformers, and the movement they created had to be
that fact throws some light on put down by force of arms. The the attitude of the Siberians to land is now being distributed in Bolshevism."
strict accord with the number of souls in a peasant family.
BRITISH WORKERS AS 'BOURGEOIS.".
At this point I reminded Colonel Ward that his attitude to Bel- shevism was not that of the de- mocratic parties in this country.
Then I asked Col: Ward as to "Bolshevism is a destructive force.
and has constructed whether he had met Bolsheviks. nothing," he said. "It is untrue "Yes, I did. For instance, I to say that it is the form of gave a lecture to workmen at
desired government
by the Irkutsk, which was attended by Russian people. Very large a large number. At the end I numbers of its instruments are suggested that questions ebould not Russians, but Jews. There be asked. A Bolshevik rose and are, indeed, many Russians who stated that that they had heard hold that it is due to a world of English trade unions, and that movement of the Jews to destroy the mere fact that a trade unionist Russia in order to avenge them-came to them as an officer of the selves for the treatment of the King of England show that Eng- Jews under the Tsars.
lish trade unionism was only a "To know what Bolshevism is branch of bourgeois organisation. you should have been with me at And accordingly he refused to Perm, when the ice of the river ask any questions. I can assure was melting and the bodies of the you that all our British work people murdered by the Bol- men's ideas of constitutional life sheviks were revealed. I saw are regarded by the Bolsheviks myself 50 bodies among them, as bourgeois and reactionary." bodies of women and of little "And do you, then consider children, that had been found that we should help the enemies in one morning. There was a of the Bolsheviks to fight them?" wash-house, built
the over
"The Bolsheviks have broken! waters of the river, where the soul of the Russian people," the Bolsheviks took their victims.answered Col. Ward. "Nobody In the floor was a hole through can speak a word against them which they were hurled into the without, endangering his life.. If deep waters beneath."
one see a house on fire and hears
But is it not true that ter-the shrieks of people who are rorism only began when the being murdered coming from it, one cannot stand aside. I have Allies interfered ?"
I believe that the Allies have learnt to love the Russian people, saved millions of lives by inter- and I consider it is our duty to fering. They are saving demo help them.
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LONDON'S HOUSING.
$2,000 MANSIONS 49 FLATS,
Schemes for providing tempor- ary accommodation to ease the housing shortage during the com- ing winter are being rapidly. pushed forward by the Ministry of Health.
In the conversion of big Lon- don houses into flats, the Minis- try is receiving the co-operation of the Office of Works, which is carrying out the necessary struc- tural alterations.
A Daily Chronicle representa- tive was officially informed that the London Housing Board-the anthority which administers the Housing Act in London region- has already earmarked 2,000 houses with a view to a considera- tion of their suitability for con- version. These, it is stated, form only a part of the total number likely to become available,
Of these 2,000, nearly half have been definitely listed for im- mediate conversion into flats. The Office of Works are proceed- ing very actively with the neces- sary alterations, and it is hoped that some of the houses will be ready for occupation in a few week's time. There are a few in regard to which the alterations entailed are very slight.
The Ministry of Health's week- ly report of progress gives the following figures for the week ended August 23, which include, besides the schemes of local authorities, those of Public Utility Societies ——
Ne schemes submit
ted
Approved
208 102
Total submitted to date 4,398 Approved.....
1,810
"Area of approved sites 17,431
Plans of houses ap-
proved.....
15.917
Houses on which build-
ing has begun.... 8,000 In order to expedite progress, the Ministry have decided to smend the form of the Compul- sory Purchase Order 1911, so as to shorten the procedure which local authorities have hitherto been require to adopt in sucmit. ting proposals for compulsory acquisition of land.
By an amendment of the re- gulations regarding advertise- ment. deposit of plans, Dotice to owners and the presentation of objections, and by shortening the period necessary for the comple- tion of each of these stages, the time entailed by the whole.pro- cess has been shortened from about two months to about three weeks.
With regard to the selection of tenants for the London houses that are to be turned into flats, the task will be in the hands of of the local authorities by whom the house will be taken over after conversion by the Office
༄བ
of Works.
"As to the rent to be asked for these flats, the idea of the Ministry," said an official, 'is that they should, as far as possible, be self-supporting--in other words, that the rent charge for them As should be an economic one. the cost of the scheme will be just the cost of the houses plus that of conversion, an economic rent should be in no sense pro- hibitive, and it is certain that there will be no lack of tenants.
"On the other hand, the raising of rentals beyond the economic level will not be permitted, and as the landlord will, be the local authority, the public will be safe- guarded against any attempt to profiteer in this direction.
"In regard to the areas outside London, the returns of houses suitable for conversion under this scheme are not coming in quite so well as from the London district.
“A number of authorities seem to be under the misapprehension that, ifthey convertexisting houses into flats, they must of necessity lower the residential status of the neighbourhood by an indiscrimin- ate letting of the house accom- modation thus made available.
"It must be remembered, how- ever, the term "working class has never been limited by aný officiat definition, and it may be said that to all intents and pur- poses the term "working man" is in official circles as indicating any man who earns his living whether by his hands or by his brain.
"So far as the work of conver, sion is concerned, the points on which the Ministry lay the great est stress are the provision of pro- persanitary and culinary arrange-. ments. It is realised that the conversion of one house into four or five houses must entail something in the nature of a makeshift, but it is intended that! there should be no makeshift in the matter of sanitary ArtsEgo. ments:
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