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FOR SALE.
WANTED.
FOR SALE-Indian MotorWANTED.—A steady man as Cycle & Sidecar complete barman. Preference given to ex- with hood etc. 1917 Electric service man. Apply Manager, Power Plus Model. Apply Box Hongkong Hotel. 240 c/o "Hongkong Telegraph."
TO BE LET.
TO BE LET-Furnished No. 3. Mountain View.. Apply Box 255 c/o Hongkong Telegraph."
MALARIA IN ENGLAND.
O
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[the winter resting in shady places..
amongst the cobwebs on the HOW IT IS BEING FOUGHT, ceilings of cowsheds, stables, and pigstyes, feeding now and then on the animals therein. In the Captain Angus Macdonald, summer, it flies out and lays its M.D., R.A. M.C., lately Medical Jeggs ou weed-grown ditches and Officer of Health, Kingston, ponds. The young larvae come Jamaica, and Director, Anchylos-out of the eggs after some days tomiasas Campaign, Grenada and wriggle their lives along for a B.W.I., and now Eqidemiological few weeks in the water. They then Assistant to Sir Ronald Ross, make up their minds to try an- Consultant in Malaria, War other mode of life and, curling Office..contributes to Overseas app.on the surface of the water, interesting account of the anti-they split open and out fies the malarial measures adopted in real mosquito. If the weather is England. He writes-
suitably warm several generat-
Who would have dreamed, ions may be born during the year, when Ross was carrying on in and as the mosquito lays a hundred Indis the work of discovery that eggs and more, there may be a revealed the miraculouslife cycle vast number of mosquitoes in late of the parasite of malaria, that' summer. Then it is that most
perhaps the most striking object harm results, and is in the Jessoc in the saving of human warm days of July and August, misery which in his own time in temperate countries, that most has resulted from that discovery malaria cases occur. The other was to be demonstrated at home two anapheline mosquitoes in this in England?
country do not live in houses and stables, and are probably not concerned so much in trans- mitting malaria.
Yet so it is; and at the moment" the authorities are engaged, not actually in stamping out malaria
in England, but in preventing Our friend of the spotted wing, malaria from getting that hold in however, though she still haunts this country which it has obtained the stables and feeds on the cattle in past times to the physical in the summer, if they are impoverishment of the people brought into the stables, wanders throughout a considerable area of at nights into dwelling-houses, agricultural England.
where she takes stealthy feeds of Having been an active assistant blood from us humans. If she during the present year in this chances to suck the blood of a work of malaria prevention, I malaria sufferer, she may then, have been entrusted with the biting others, pass on the malaria pleasureable task of telling in a poison to those of us who have few words to Dominion readers of not had malaria or who may the Overseas journal how the never have left this country. Dominions in their turn have Now there are several facts in helped the cause of health in the this history of the mosquito which? Mother Country. For without point the way to prevention. the material and opportunities First, in the winter months she. afforded by the Dominions in the may be attacked and destroyed study of malaria the fugitive in large numbers in stables and Dccurrence of malaria in this elsewhere by various means-by country might not have found repeatedly sweeping the ceilings any one prepared or equipped to in cold winter weather; by wash- make the same discoveries here ing walls and ceilings with lime in the brief years allowed.
and sulphur; by fumigation with
It may well be called a triumph smoke and various chemicals. of British science, this prevention When spring comes few are then of malaria, and like the preven-left for egg-laying. tion of other diseases it carries
Then the ditches and ponds in with it the drawback, from the which they lay their egge may be popular point of view that it treated in various ways to prevent avoids the spectaclar, and the larvae developing or having a evidence of its worth is to be ap-chance of life. The simplest and preciated by negation. We are least expensive is to keep the stirred to the depths, for instance, the ditches and ponds free of all by an epidemic of influenza sorts of weed. When the banks broadcast to the tune of millions are clear of weed and muddy, and of sufferers in the land. But the no growths comes up from bottom ordinary mind is not so impressed to surface, the larvae cannot live. to learn that in the year of grace The fish and other aquatic 1918 there occurred only seventy enemies gobble them all up; and cases of indigenous malaria in also the mosquito, missing the England that is, malaria occur-weed on or around which she is ring in England from infection by accustomed to lay her eggs, English mosquitoes of persons who wanders further off. Again, in have never been out of England. summer, as it takes a fortnight And yet, but for the measures after a malaria case is bitten of control adopted by the authori- before the poison in the mos- ries, there might have been thou-
quita is mature and capable sands instead of seventy. It of causing malaria, persistent common knowledge now watchfulness and slaughter of all that many thousands of men indoor mosquitoes will undenia-I with malaria, still infectious, bly result in the prevention of have returned to this country much infection. One very spec- from different seats of war tacular method of destroying from Salonika, Mesopotamia, larvae in their ditch and pond Palestine, East Africa. Military homes is of little practical utility urgency made it unavoidable that under the conditions found in many of these should return to this country and as a danger and their own Corps in parts of the
menace from an agricultural country where it was known that point of view it has not been mosquitoes abound, which might recommended or adopted--that la, by biting those men, give malaria the use of oil-kerosene to other soldiers and to the other oils and emulsions and any general population.
is
In England there are three' varieties of the
chemical agents..
and
Other measures of simplicity mosquito and practicability, involving no that carries, malaria One of more labour and employing no these, known as "Anopheles expensive material, are sufficient. Maculipennis," the Spotted Given the brains to direct and the wing Anopheline, is very com labour to do, it is possible to men in certain flat and marshy keep malaria absolutely at bay în parts of the country. It spends any community in this country.
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He pointed out that Isent moment the centr
ment, was grossly orachu The system of Standing mittees might be necessary as temporary expedient, but it was not the sort of permanent add- ition to the legislative machinery that they should contemplate. It was his privilege for a long time during the war to be one of the Prime Minister's "encretaries, and he had fallowed the growth and development, of the present system of Cabinet Government. He was able to see the quantity of papers which Cabinet Minis tars were supposed to digest, and he did not mind telling them that- no one man or any single group of men, however able or competent, could possibly master, as they ought if they were to legislate on them, the complicated questions which came before the Govern ment at the present time.
Unless they reconstituted their central machinery by some form of legislative devolution he did not see how they could possibly hope to maintain the credit of Parliamentary Government...
As a Unionist, he did not believe that what he called feder- al devolution was anti-Unionist If they wanted democratic gov- ernment they must have true partnership between the Govern ment and each individual, and the only way was to put real res ponsibility on every representa- tive body, however small it might be It was true, progress might be slower, and they might be disappointed periodically by having backward areas, but he would rather have that and re- form coming from the people than impose temporary efficiency from above on the people of the country.
One of the great problems they had before them was to bring what they called the man in the man in the street" into closer touch with Goverment, both legislative and administrative.
Another experiment was that of co-option, that was to attempt to bring outside people other than the elected representatives into the machinery of Government. Another form was that of Soviet government. The chief distinct-3 on of Soviet government was vocational instead of territorial representation. The Soviet was elected by the workers in a craft, and not by the inhabitants of an area. It was an interesting ex- periment, and should be discussed without dragging_in] Bolshevism and revolution. The nearest approach to the Soviet Government in this country was the House of Lords: (Laughter.) The Bishops were elected, not by the inhabitants of an area, but they represented the clergy. The
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Irish and Scottish representative THE peers were elected by the par- ticular class of Irish and Scottish peers. When, therefore, Soviet government was studied it should include a careful survey of the influence and work of the Upper Chamber.
They would never get good local government until they re- alized that it depended on good citizenship and that each one should do his bit.
BRITISH AVIATION.
A FRENCH TRIBUTE. Under the title of "Great Britain's Effort" M. Heari Far man, the well-known aeroplane constructor, publishes in the Auto an interesting article, in the course of which he says:
"Is it because the British. colonies, scattered wide over every quarter of the globe, sre appealing for rapid means of communication between each other that the British Govern- ment does not shrink from any sacrifice in order to develop aviation, whilst hitherto we, the creators of flying, are so modest- ly marking time? An officiál lauding stage has been established near London with, from the point of view of aviators, every modern convenience Customs office which receives airmen and col- Jects, if necessary; the duties payable; shops where you will find the petrol and oil for re- plenishing, and hangars of all sizes which will accommodate a mosquito or Goliath Every thing is foreseen, scheduled, and organised. A circular shows you: at first sight the details and prices of the essential commodi which you may need, and that small & of the ling stage
essary for the continu
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