10
EARLIER TELEGRAMS.
THE PEACE SITUATION.
New King of Bu'garia Abdicates....
Copenhagen, Nor. 2 A message from Berlin says the Bulgarian King Boris "has abdicated and a Peasant Government has been establish-
ed at Tirnovo under M, Stambulinsky.
A Sensational Weck.
London, Nov. 2. The abdication of King Boris is the latest sensation of a week which has witnessed the collapse of two empires a Pessant Government in Bulgaria may be indicative of the and a sudden development of military disaster of the first magnitude on the plains of Venetia. The establishment of tendency of events in Austria-Hungary where conditions are at present chaotic and "news from which is scrappy and uncertain There are apparently two Premiers in Hungary,.. Count Hadix, the nominee of Archduke Joseph and charged by the latter restore order, and Count Karolyi, whose former championship of Magrar domination makes his Na- tional Ministry suspect in the eyes of the Allies Both may still be submerged in a wave of soviet anarchy as the estab lishment of Councils of Soldiers and Officers is reported at both Vienna and Budapest..
Count Karolyi has issued a list of Ministers which is chiefy notably for the fact that they are all Magyars. Another new "Cabinet is the German-Austrian formed at Vienna the most notable name, wherein is Herr Horder, who has the Foreign portfolio. The Socialist Victor, Adler, is the father of the assassin of Premier Sinergk in 1916. Meanwhile the where bouts of Emperor Earl is uncertain" The latest report is that he is still at Vienna. These developments im- pose new responsibilities on the Entente, involving safe- guarding their nationals, the limitation of civil war, and the preservation of Governments capable of discharging obliga tions incurred under the Monarchy. It is impossible yet to predict Low swift the march of events will affect Germany, The hurried departure of the Kaiser, the Chancellor, and Delbrueck, the Kaiser's Secretary, for Headquarters bas revived rumours in Berlin of his impending abdication,. though it is pointed out in London that the stiffened Ger- man resistance to the British coincided with the. Kaiser's arrival at the front and it is stated that the first task of Ludendorff'a successor, General Groener, is to collect rein. forcements from the East for the West...
The "Torwaerts" reports that a constituent assembly ele Austrian Romanes was formed on the 28th uit. and demand ed union of Bukovina Transylvania and Rumanian terri tories with Hungary as an independent State. Polish de patias in the Reichsrat announced the union of Austro- Hungarian Polish territories with the Polish State. A Liquidation Commission has been established at Lemberg to arrange therefor. A message from Agram says the Croatias. "Diet bas declared the absolute independence of Croatia. and Dalmatia.
#
Excitement in Rumania.
London, Nov. 2.
Views from Jassy show the great excitement in Rumadis over the recent events The King held numerous con- ferences with leaders of the Government and also the ex- Premier. M. Brafiano, There are indications of interesting developments.
The Kaiser's Flight
London. Nov 2.
Swiss reports depict the Kaiser's departure for Head- quarters as a flight. It is stated that the Government is arging his abdication. General! Ludendorf, who is apparent- ly still at Headquarters, is said to be chief of the military, cabal against the Government, but it is believed that the latter could thwart any such plot.
Kaiser', Abdication Necessary.
Copenhagen, Nov. 2
It is officially announced that Herr. Scheidemann aa Secretary of State has sent the Chancellor a memorandum emphasising the necessity of the abdication of the Emperor. Austrian Armistice Terms
Rome, NOT. 2.
The Inter-Allied Conference at Versailles drew up the Austrian armistice on the conditions which General Diaz- communicated to the Austrian envoys, The conditions render" the enemy's resumption of the war impossible and also pre- vent him from profiting by the armistice by extricating, him-' self from the present had military position.
Other Itemis.
}}
Amsterdam, Nov. 2.
A message from Vienna states: Premier Lammasch, re- presenting the Imperial Regime, informs the President of the State Council that he is empowered to hand over the Gorerament within the German-Austrian sphere.
A message from Budapest says: The Military and Navy Commands and civil servants are taking an oath of allegiance to the National Council. The Council is urging the people resume work and soldiers to return to their barracks. Popular rejoicings continue.
A message from Vienna says that plans are being drawn up for the formation of a representative Soldiers' Central -Committee to replace the present provisional done.
Dutch Military Leave.
:
The Hague, Nov. 2.
The granting of military leave is being resumed where it is militarily advisable except among the recent turbulent
corps..
GREAT SUCCESS ON ITALIAN FRONT,
Splendid Aljed Advance.
London, Nov. 2
A British Italian official message says: The Tenth Army has crossed the Livenza between Motta and Sacile and is now bridging the river. The Forty-Eighth División advanced its fines two kilometres northward of Monte Catz despite machine-gun resistance.
An. Lalian official message says: On the Asiago Plateau the Sixth Army, with two Allied divisions, took possession on the 1st of formidable, positions on Monte Masciagh, Monte Longara, Monte Baldolameletta-di-Gallio, the Sassorosso Tespitza and Wambara. We prisonered over three thousand and captured 232 guns. The enemy's resistance in the defio of Fadalto was overcome "We have entered Belluno: The third cavalry has reached the plains northward of Pordenone. Between Sacile and Stitino the infantry of the Tenth and Third Artics passed Livenza,
80,000 Prisonera.
Later.
An Italian official message states: Eastward of the "Brenta the pursuit is continuing, On Asiago Plateau we crossed the Asss between Botzo and Roans and captured Mount Coman and Mount Lisber and are advancing in Nos Valley. The Fourth Army occupied the heights porthward of Fonzaa Hollow and advanced in Sugana Valley, pressing on the old frontier on the evening of Nov. 1. - Alpini crossed the Pizve and spread out in the area between Feltre and San Charting. The Eighth Army, is advancing towards Longargne. Our cavalry occupied Porderone and passed, Cellins and Meduna. The Third and Tenth Armies continue the advance eastwards. So far 1,600 guns and 80,000 pri- soners have been counted We liberated from capitivity several thousand Italian soldier.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1918.
EARLIER TELEGRAMS,
NEW ATTACKS IN THE WEST.
Successful Flanders Offensive.
3
London, Nov 2
A successful attack in Flanders achieved an advance to a depth of six miles on a front of ten fe have reached the Scheldt from Berchem to Gavere, ten miles. south of Ghent! We advanced two miles on a front of four south of Valenciennes, capturing Aulnoy nad Presseau and reaching the southern edge of Valenciennes, which is flooded, resembling Venice. French and Americans, mak ing a combined advance towards the Meuse, prograssed for four miles and are nearing Buzancy.
Big Captures.
London, Nov. 2.. A British Belgian official, message says: The operations ; of the Flanders armies continued on the 1st most success- fally. The British in the south threw back the enemy on the Scheldt to Melden, capturing the strong villages of Anseghem, Tieghem, Caster and Elseghet and making 900 prisoners. The Fregth and Americans in the centres car- ried fiercely defended heights between the Lys and Scheldt " and advanced to the Scheldt between Melden and Eecke en a front of sixteen and to a depth of from eight to sixteen kilometres, capturing in two days' fighting nineteen villages, notably Deynze, Nazareth and Audenarde and tak ing on the 31st one thousand prisoners and two batteries. The Belgians in the north carried out minor operations at Derivatión Canal assisted by French tanks,
Allies Spara Valenciennes.
#
Landon, Nov, 2.
Reuter's correspondent at British Headquarters, wiring on the 1st. inst., says: The attack of the First and Third British armies south of Valenciennes, already threateps the enemy communications by the capture of the bigh ground south-east of the town. The enemy is resisting strongly and is clearly intending to cling to this strategic pivot as long as possible. Our batteries could easily render Valenciennes untenable but only by ruining it. The desire to avoid damaging the town is largely responsible for the prolonga- tion of the fighting.
Valenciennes Captured.
London, Nur. 2 Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig reports: English and Canadians attacked at dawn on a six mile front southward of Valenciennes. We, after sharp fighting and infieting exceptionally heavy casualties, forced the passage of the Rhonelle and captured the villages of Maresches and Aulnoy and reached Railline on the southern outskirts of Valencien- nes. The enemy determinedly counter-attacked on the high ground westward of Preseau on the Valenciennes road We maintained our positions on the ridge. Counter-attacks in the evening were developing north-eastward and northward of Aulnoy. We prisonered between two thousand and three thousand.
Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig states: The fighting on Nov. 1 southwärd of Valenciennes was most severe and con- tinued until the morning, on a battle front of six miles large numbers of the enemy have been killed. Many counter- attacks were repulsed and 4,000 prisoners were taken. The 17th and 22nd Corps, under Generals Fergusson and Godley res- pectively, gained the high ground south-eastward of Valet- ciennes and this morning pressed forward and captured Pre- sent village. Northward the Canadian Corps, under General Currie, after hard fighting on the outskirts of Valenciennes have passed through the town, which is wholly in our pos Bession
:
Three Months British Captures,
London, Nor, 2. "The British during October prisonered in France 49,000, including twelve hundred officers. We also captured 925 guns, 7,000 machine guns and 670 trench mortars. In the area of the enemy's retreat enormous stocks of ammunition, material and stores have fallen into our hands, including several locomotives, quantities of rolling stock, many wagons, a few tanks, bundreds of tous of wire. seferal thousand tons of road metal, some hundredacties of tele- phone cable and a great number of engineer and other dumps. The enemy abandoned on the front of one army alone some two million feet of timber. The British in a series of successful Battles during the last three months have prisonered 172,659 and captured 2578 guns, 17,000 machine guns and 2,750 trench mortars.
Aerial Raids.
London, Nov. 2;
The Press Bureau reports that the Independent Air Force on the 31st. ult. attacked the rail station of Boun, the railway at Treaves and aerodromes at Frescaty and Buhl All returned.
Hard Fighting on French Front.
Lundun. Nov, 2. A French communique says:.Fighting all day long 'he- tween St. Quentin-le-Petit and Herpy the enemy was com pelled to yield ground in the region of Banogne and Recouvrance and also westward of Herpy. The Fourth French Army, with. Americans co-operating, attacked in the morning on the Aisne front north and south of Vouziers. On a front twenty kilometres from and eastward of Attigry to`northward of Olizy we penetrated enemy positions which were stubbornly defended and carried Rillyauxoles, east of Attigny. Further south our troop, crossing the Aisne, carried Semuy and Vaneq and vigorously drove back the enemy eastward over three kilometres, penetrating Voncq deeply. Equally violent fighting occurred eastward of Youziers. We gained a footing on Alleux plateau to the north-east of Therron and reached the western outskirts of Vardywood and the brook eastward of Chistres. On the right we advanced beyond Falaise and carried the crests south-west of Primat. Several hundred prisoners and a number of guns, including four batteries, werd captured.
A French communique states: We resumed the attack to-day on the Aisne front
London, Nov. 2. "Beuter's correspondent at French Headquarters, writing on 1st. Nov. in the evening, says: The future operations towards Mezieres and the German main communications with Germany largely depend on the success of the battle launched today on both sides of Argonne, General Goursáid's army, striking north-eastward from the Aisne across Argonne is in touch at Grandpra with the larger American attack "directed" northwards in East Argonne, They are both engaged in turning the labyrinth of wooded hills and ravines styled - Bas wood and Boult Forest and when, they join hands north of this great forest, the enemy will have lost the last natural fortress remaining to him before Ardennes. The successes of both armies to-day are signified by remarkablý - rapid progress in this joint turning movement.
Americans Capture over 3,000 Prisoners,
Londen, Nov. 2.
14
An American offcial report says: The First Army con- tinued its attack westward of the Meuse this morning, progressing favourably.
.
An Americap official message states: We continued our attack on the west bank of the Meuss in conjunction with › the French. Infantry, artillery aeroplanes and tanks co-oper ated and overcame and disorganised the enemy's resistance, and broke up counter-attacks. We are already beyond Et Georges, Landreset. St. Georgen,, Impoourt,· Landreville, Chennery Bayouville, Remonvilla, Andevaanes: Grand, Thile 3,003 prisoners have been cònnte
t
EARLIER TELEGRAMS.
NEW ATTACKS IN THE WEST.
German Report."
London, Kor. 9.
A German evening oficial message says: Southward of Deynze we have withdrawn from further attacks by yielding ground towards the Scheldt.
THE TURKISH SURRENDER.
More Armistice Terms.
London, Nor. 1. Reuter is informed that the terms of the Turkish armis- tice constitute complete and unconditional' surrender, en- abling the military to occupy any place they choose. Terri toria! readjustments are left to the Peace Conference, but act suggestion of Turkish sovereignty over liberated popula tions would be viewed with the greatest disfavour. The armistice is of enormous importance from the viewpoint of prosecuting the war against Germany and reviving the Rus- sian and Rumanian situations.
The following is additional to the text of the armistice which appears in another column
XVIL-Turkey to surrender all ports there,
XIX -All Germans and Austrians, naval, military and civilian, to quit Turkey within a month; those in remote districts as soon as possible thereafter.
-
XX-Compliance with the Allies' orders as to the dis- posal of arms and the transport of demobilised troops as under Clause V.
*
XXVI-An Allied representatives to be attached to the Turkish Ministry of Supplies to safeguard Allied interests.
XXIL-Turkish prisoners to be kept at the disposal of the Allies; the release of Turkish civilian prisoners and pris- oners över military age to be considered.
XXIII-Turkey to cease all relations with the Central·
Powers.
XXIV.In case of disorder in the six Armenian vilayets the Allies to reserve the right to occupy any of them.
Turkey's Changed Feelings.
17
Amsterdam, Nov. 2
A telegram from Constantinople, via Berlin, discloses the changed feelings of the Turkish press as regards Ger- many's invincibilify. The papers declare that the German war polier has become bankrupt, while Great Britain and America are the leading powers Therefore it is Turkey's task to open favourable relations with both. The newspaper "Sabah" says that the stain of the past must be wiped out. Another paper declares that the Turks have always been in favour of Great Britain and France and that the Tuco-German Alliance was purely government made
Anarchy la Turkey.
f
The Hague, Nov. 9.
It is reported that anarchy prevails in Constantinople and the whole of Turkey. Hundreds of thousands of deserters live on robbery.
THE SERBIAN CAMPAIGN.
London, Nov. 2
"A French Eastern communique says: The Serbian armies continue to relentlessly parsye' the feeing Austro-German forces. Advance guards have marched 180 kilometres in eight days. The First Serbian Army, sugeorted by French and Serbian cavalry, has reached the rate. defences of Belgrade. The Second Serbian Army has occupied Pojera forty kilometres from Bosnia
THE COLLAPSE OF AUTOCRACY,
London, Nov. 1.
Mr. Asquith, speaking at Glasgow, said the most strik- ing change occurring in Europe was the complete and irre- trievable collapse of autocracy, Three Emperors in 1914 ruled the greater part of Europe and a large part of Asia. The Russian Emperor had been deposed and murdered, the Aus trian Emperor was a waif and stray and a third Emperor was hovering on the verge of adbication. Whatever be the terms of peace these thrones cannot rebuild. We entered the war as champions of the smaller nations and, despite tribulations, everyone of these would ultimately find its trust in the Allies more than justified. History would record how largely this achievement was due to the British Navy, mer. chantmen. armies and airmen and to, British finance. Our general aims,could still be summed up in two words, repara- tion and security.
THE INFLUENZA EPIDEMIC. «
Numerous Death at Home.
London, Oct. 30,
The influenza epidemic which continues to rage in many parts of the world and has now reached a more dangerous stage in the United Kingdom, owing to the advent of septic pneumonia. Numerous deaths are reported from various parts of the country. The Ministry of National Service bas released a very large number of doctors to attend civilian cases and has cancelled all outstanding notices calling up men for medical examination.
Big Death Roll in Africa.
Capetown, Oct, 24. Influenza continues virulent in the country districts, but the towns are rapidly resuming a normal aspect. The death roll at Kimberley is ten per cent, of the population. Prob- ably a similar death roll will be recorded at Capetown.
THE SPREAD OF BOLSHEVISM.
#
Stockholm, Nov. 2
The Swedish mission, which has returned from Ukraine emphasises that the Bolshevik peril menaces Ukraine where the presence of German troops is tolerated because they afford a safeguard against thein. The newspaper "Svena Esdagblad" declares that Russian' Bolsheviks are planning to sweep over Europe. The Bolshevik Government is spend- ing large sums in neighbouring countries "to spread infee- tion,
CONFIDENCE IN HOHENZOLLERNS.
Amsterdam, Nov. 1.
A message from Berlin says the Prussian Upper House has unanimously passed a vote of fidelity to the hereditary ruling House.
THE SILVER MARKET.
Loo
FUTURE OF NEW ZEALAND
Growing Importance of Pasams
Casal
Two things stand out in strong relief against the conflict which is maging on the western front. Os is the growing commarcial im.. portance of the Panama Cinal; the other, the dawn of progress among the different nations of the Far Eat, vocording to W. H. Massey, Prime Minister of New Zealand, in the London Standard. Taken together and viewed in their true light then factors clearly indidate that the Pacifie Ocess will be the great inter national problem of the future.
Who is to bave the mastery el the Pacif ? To Britons there. dan bi only one answer, and it in asle 13 esy that if the people on" this side are not set köenly, alive to the momentous changes which are taking place around this dis tant ocean, the sons of Britain in the Colonia are guarding their mother's boncur with a determina- tian worthy of the deresndants of Drake and Blake. There are not two opinions in the Colonies as to the part the British Empire shall play, and another ball- saatory will probably see Ni Zalaud, oscupying the SAMS pition in the Pasifo an the British Isles occupy i îäthe Atlantic today. The numerous islands of the Southern Seas are rapidly passing under Australian or Now Zisland control, and in a short time the important Fijian Group, the Cook Isles, Samos, Tonga, sad Naw Guinea will tell their own story.
But here we are faced with soother problem. New Zisland, with an ares of 99,500 square miles, bea a population of barely one million. In a young country with a rich virgin soil, carrying only one-tenth or one twentieth the number of people it might comfortably maintain, a rapidly indressing population would be a healthy sign. On the contrary, the New Zealand birth rate, which has been comparative 1. atationery for the last twenty years, shows a considerablä decline as compared with the figuren of 1875-1890. A octres- ponding fall in the death rata| may be pointed out, but this in marely a negative solution to the problem.
B
י.
Bide by side with the decline in natural increase, moreover, there has also been a falling of in the rate of immigration, not very marked in recent years, but very considérable as compared with the eighties, - when the birth rats was higher than it is now.
This is especially seriens”.
at a time when the Pacific Ocean is attracting more and more. attention the world over among nations seeking outlets for their.. sarplus population. A nation cannot permanently bold territory is is not able to populate, because it cannot adequately defend that territory. Nor in this age can it justify the bolding of such lend against those who are better able to pupolete it.
WAR ON RATS.
Campaign to Stop Destruction of Food Supplies.
The British Government has deciared war on rate. In the interests of the food supplies, which, it is alleged, they have sadly depleted, a united campaign is to be waged a sinst them by all the local authorities of England, Scotland and Wales. The Food Controller is the generalissimo of the new crusade." He is about to issue an Order enablinx the local authorities to take such measures and give such. directions with regard to the destruction of rats as may appear to them necessary, and requiring all persons to comply with any directions given under the Order. The Local Government Board will authorise the authorities to spend out of the rates for the: campaign. At various times during the war famers have been fined for neglect of proper precautions against rats; but the chief source of loss by the depredations of the vermin is not in isolated risks and baros, but at such huge stores of food as are accumulated at the docks, and it is to those that attention will be principally directed. In 1908 Sir James Crichton Browne estimated that the yearly loss in foodstag throuzh -rata approximated to £15,00,000. Lord Chamblid Bas stated that to-day
of food would be valued fat.
Page 10Page 11