THE TEA TRADE.
Steady Growth of Import and Consumption.
had ceased to be the case in the
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1913.
In addition to the above areas, yer 1833, and, gradually, as the for while title deeds are in Chinese ports were, by successive possession of the company, treaties, thrown open to English approximately 80 acres of reserve commerce, the formation of England have been applied for, hat lish merchant firms to carry on the grants have not yet been approved trade took place. Tea being one The total area is therefore approx- Tea" at the London School of of the largest items of export imately 1,044 sores.
Mr John McEwan, in the course of a lecture on Commerce in
that with
"
D
Soup,-Tong Yuk
MARKET PRICES..
"Hongkong, April 17, 1913.
BUTCHER MEAT
Steak,-Ngau Yuk Pa
490
do. Sirloin Cotom-Ngan Lau
Sausages,-Ngan Chaung
Bullock's
Brains-
Know
Tongue fresh, Ngaliu
corned, Ham Ngan Li
Head, Ngau Tan
肉食 T
[Balmor-1 Yau Y
Shark, Sn Yn
Skate,-Po Yu Shrimps, Ha
A Snappor,-Lap Yu
Soles-Tat Sa Yu
Tench,-Wan Yu
Turbot,-Cho How Ya
Turtles, small, fresh water,-Kork Yu
White Bait,-Ngau Ya Chai`
***
FRUITS,
Cta.
Ib. 18
Corned,-Ham Ngau Yuk!... Roost,-Shiu
IFF
18
D
JI
11
***
18
"
肉
31
Breast, Naga Lam
12
...
***
T
***
11
牛腿
12
15
13
18
28
要
牛柳
*
20
11
45
fer set. §
牛臘
zach 45
牛望
55
31
147
60
VI
12.
}}
4.
15
牛丽
11
Small,-Hoi Tong
B
#
Custard,-Fan Lai Ohi
Ess
"
牛膠、
***
***
18
牛尾
122
-lb. 12
牛肝
6
牛肚
447WTAI
lb. 25
25
"
JE
22
索复
#
24
**
***
Heart, Ngan Sum
***
Economics and Political Science, business, it became necessary to Wooding. Weeding has been said that the earliest record of have expert tea buyers, and grad-kept well in hand throughout the tea being mentioned by an Eng-ually the number of those had whole of the year. The average Geef Sirloin & Prime Out,-Mei Lung Pa lishman was probably that con- increased from about 1850 on cost per iore per month over the tained in a letter from an officer wards: The ports of Foochow, whole estate was $1.77. The of the Hon. East India Company, Shanghai and Hankow were the cost of weeding the old areas written from Japan to another chief ports of purchase and ship continues to be heavy. As a officer resident at Macao, on June ment to England. The teas then result "ef careful attention to 27, 1616, asking for some of the in use were principally "China | weeding and the cultivation of best sort. Whether that com-greene" of the highest quality the soil, the appearance of the mission was executed did not ap-jobtainable and, because of the olearings generally has much pear. It was not until the middle meagre supplies and the high improved. of the seventeenth century that rates of duty, prices were
Diseases and Pests-Very few England began to use toa, and prohibitive to a large portion cases of diseases or pests have they received their supplies from of the people. The hope, was been reported and the manager Java until, in 1680, the English entertained
free has not experienced any serious were driven out of that island hy competition the costs would be difficulties in this direction. the Ditob. At first the price of on such a favourable basis ns to Tapping and Production.-At tea in England had ranged from be within the means of the the commencement of the year £0 to £10 per lb. Ile average consumer, but the Eng-11,000 trees were being tapped quoted advertisements of the lish importer had learned in time and this number has been gradu- period, which showed at that that, because of the limited sup-ally increased with the result that time tea-the name of which was ply, green ten could be, procured 10,500 trees were in bearing at spelt variously-was used mainly on reasonable terms, and, to still the close of the year. The follow- for pressuta and at important the clamour of the people for the ing table shows interesting statie- entertainmenta. In 1050-00 the green leaf, rocourse was had to tica and comparisons: fixed prices of tea varied from 15, spurious manufactures
1012-13. 1911-12. to 504, lb, according to quality. o louring, in which the Chinese
Iba. One of the advertisers ofthat date had shared. Small factories bad offered infusion of ten "accor- ben established in London for ding to the directions of the most the manufacture and colouring of kaowing merchants and travel the leaves of the willow, slos and lere into those Eistern countries." elder, and the collection of spent In 1860, an act of the first Parlia-leives Protests had eventually sment of the Restoration proposed followed.
a tax of 8. on every gallon of
"
chocolate, shorhat and tea"
Transport by Sea...
and
The increasing importance of}
Total output.. 55,039 Average yield
per tree per snaum
Average gross selling price per lb. Total cost of
lb
410
»
31
31
Bump, Salt-Ngan Kin
Feet,--Ngau Kask Kidneys,-Ngau Yi
Tail,-Ngau Mei...
***
*
...
**
Liver,-Ngau Koa ...
Tripe (undressed),-Ngau To Calve Head & Feet,-Ngau-chai-tau-kark 'Ibs, Mattor Chop,-Young Pei Kwat 30,300, Leg, Young Pai
*
Shoulder, Young Shau
Piga Chitlings, Cha Chong
Fork, Chop, Chu Pai Kwat
•
ATK
குசும் **
***
***
***
***
set $1
por set 2
Ib. 12
30
猪
Almonds,-Hung You...
Apples (California)-Kam San Ping Kho
(Chefco)-Tin Ohun Ping Kho
Fresh,
Peanute-Fa Sang
+
www
42
*
***
+4
"
ོ་ མ ་ ཆ ་ ན
8
10
32
24
"
28
17
"
20
"
龙口無
60
Af
菓子
Cite.
lb. 25
杏仁
督 >
20 &44)
天津
15
***
***
--
each →→→
3
122
12
"
140
+14
...eadh 12
W
***
8
D
30
DI
91
"
...sach
12
...
20
27
doz
--
ww
12
1
HT +91
載
#
10本燒機區
...:8
中等注重
D
each 14
Bananas, fragrant, Canton,-San Shing Houng Chiu lb.4
(brides), Macao, San Heung Chiu
Chosinats, Chinese,--Foong Lut
Carambola,Yeung Tue...
Cocoanuts,-Yeh Tso
Lemons, China,-Ning Moong
America, Kum San Ning Moon Lichees Dried,-Lai Chi, small Stone
Limes, (Saigon)-Sai Kang Ning Moong Mango, Manila,Lui Sung Mong.
Mangosteens,-San Chuk Teo
Oranges, (Canton)-San-shing Tim Ching
Sweet
...
***
Pears, (American),-Kam San Shoot Lay (Canton), Cooking-Sa Lay
Persimmons Large,-Hung Chie
w
Pine-apples, 1st quality,-Poon Ti Paw Law each
2nd
"
Plantain,-Tai Cheu
---Chung-tang Paw Law
Plums, Swatow, Hung Lai
Pamelo, Siam,Ohim Lo Yan
Shanghai-Lo Kwat
Green, Sang Hop Tuo
Water Melon, (Am.) Kom San Sai Kwa
Grapes,Sang Po Tai Tee
#.
VEGETABLES, &c.
Artichokes, Shanghai, Sheung-hoi Ah Chi
Cheak
Beans, (French), Macao,-Oh Moou Pin Tan
(French) Shanghai,-Sheung Hai Pin Tau
Best Root, Hung Choi Tau
***
**R
lb. 6
ཤྭ་
12
10
Walnuts,-Hop Tuo
1
***
***
443
COM
L
4
174
...
*
each
(China) Sai Kwa.....
1
KJ
*
3.77
.302
17
Brains, Chu Know
15
Feet, Chu Kack
4/14
4/8
12.
Fry, Chu Chak
"
91
Hoad,-Chu Tau...
13
418
production
and sale por
"
Heart, -Cha Sum...
HI
each 10
搭心
1b:
1/0
1/8
2
Kidneys, Chu Yiu...
***
7
獾
"
Liver, Chu Con
"'
lb 24
猪肝
23
*
猪排
Corned,--Hom Chu Yak Leg,-Chu Pe.
***
***
"
龙骨
25
22
37
***
Bat 85 each 7
9
Ib. 25
22
17
18
生牛油
25
•
12.
18
**
仔牛肉
20
447
40
"
H
+++
Cts
: Sproat,Ah Cha
?
Long,Tau Ko
lb 32
破仔
145
each
30
22
·
Brinjals, Grean,Ching Yuan Red, Hung Ker
*
E
D
*
***
each
•
Ass
Cabbage, Chinese, com, Kai Choy
#
--
per doz 24
Cabbage Red,-Hung Yes Choy
1
+
Cabbage, Shanghai,Yeh Choi
雅
:
Forward Sale. The directors usual London terms one ton per have contracted to sell on the month of the company's No. 1 crepe during the whole of 1913, at 4/31 per lb.
Labour.At the close of the year there were 345 coolies on the estates and the force is ample for presont requirements.
***
Fat or Lard,-Chu Yan Sheep Head and Foot, Tou Kark
Heart, Young Sum Kidneys, Yeung Yit... Liver,-Young Oon
Snet, Beef Sang Nguu Yau... Sucking Pige, To Order-Cha Cha.
Mutton-Sang Yeung Yau ... Veal,-Ngan Chai Yuk
Sausages,-Ngau Ohai Chaung.
POULTRY.
22
900
sold, the tax to be paid by the the growing trade had renderod seller. To three who know the safe, rapid carrying to England, modern rate of taxation, a tax of especially of the new season's Net profit per 8d, a gallon of the liquid repro-growth, a matter of great import
2/41 3/- sented an enormous impost on o ance, and therein had grown the The manager estimates a crop pound of ten. Pepys mentioned greatest yacht racing competition of 00,000 lbs. for the current tea in his "diary," saying he had that the world had ever known, year and a total income from all sont for a cup of tes, "a China because the famous "Chins clip-sources (taking rubber at $1.50 driok, which I never had drouk pera" were little more than per lb)of $135,200. The estimates bafore."
yachts. In 1888 about 40 vessele of capital and revenue expend- Importacion Commenced:
were engaged in that trade, but iture amount to a total of It was not until 1677 that the the opening of the Suez Canal in $78,556.30. East India Company was re-
1800 had altered the course of corded to have taken any steps the Cape of Good Hope was
trade. The sending of tea round for the importation of tea. The order given in that year was for thing of the past, and romance tes of the best kinda to the was no more, although thero was amount of $100. but those ins-great competition in the building tractions were exceeded, for the of steamers of great power and importation in 1678 was 4,713 speed to land their cargres rapidly lbs, which seemed to have glut by the new route. That had cul ted the market for several years.minated in 1882, when the Stir Until the Revolution no duty bad ling Castleran from Wusan to Lon Health. The bealth on the es been laid on tas other than that doa in 28 days. That record had tate continues to be excellent, in the infusion Bold ut poffee-never been beaten to the present
Buildinge.
All estate build- houses. By I. William and Mary, day, because the demand for speed inge are in good order and are Cap. 3, a duty of 53 per
had passed. No one cared now suflicient for present require lb. and 5 per cent. of the value, when the new season's tea arrived. was imposed. For several years The toa trade had altered in its
Plant and Machinery. the quantities imported were surse, and nowadays vessels did factory and machinery are esp not need to maksspeed. The recordable of dealing with the present very small, and consisted ox- clusively of the finest sorte. ha from Calcutta to London was 253 outputs, but as soon as there is an Geese, WildS'hai,-Shang-ho Yes Ngoi first direct purchase in China was daye. It was interesting to note appreciable increase in the month Musk Deer,Wong Kong mads at Amoy, those previously that three different vessels had ty outpute, it will be necessary
Hare, Shanghai,Tu Chai made having been at Madras and each brought home more than to extend the accommodation. Partridge, Che Khoo Sarat, in India. During the 5,000,000 lbs. of tea. Just as was Staff Mr. G. N. Magill con-
Pheasant Shan Kai closing years of the century the the care in ancient times, so fo-tinues to be in charge of the Figeons, Canton,—Pak Kup amount brught over seemed to day great care was exercised in estate and he has one European „Hoibow,-Hoi How Pak Kup, have been on an average about the packing and carriage of tea, assistant under him.
Quail,-Um-Olúa 20,000 lbs. a year, the average especially in the matter of venti
Visiting Agent. Mr.A.B.Milne Hico Birds,-Wo Fa Chonl price of tea at that period being
continues to rct as visiting agens
Spipe, Sa-Choy 16. a lb. As the eighteen li century progressed, the use of tea in England increased rapidly, and by the close of the century the rate of consumption exceeded an
lation.
CHANGKAT SERDANG
Dividend of Six Per Cent for:
the Year.
Categ
men's.
The
Chicken,-Kai Chai Capons, Large, Small,-Sin Ducks,-Ap Doves, Pan Kau ...
Egge. Ben-Kai Tao
Fowls, Canton,-Kai
Hainan, Hoi Nam Kai Geese,-Ngoi
***
19
31
143
lb 34
***
...
.4
22
10.
"}
100 240
黃鯨
**.
*
***
***
*** AND
***
pair
esch 32 白
:30單口台
22
31
輪弈
dozen
*
exch
lb.
M
***
141
***
FISH.
***
to the company and he reports Turkeys, Cook-Phor Kai Kung to the board quarterly.
Hen,
Na Directorate. The
Wild Ducks, S'hai-Shang hoi Sui Ap... board at present consists of the Rev. N.
Teal, Sui Áp Chai, J. Couvreur, and Messrs. C. Wild Ducks Canton-Sang-Shing Sui Ap average of 2 lbe, per person per The directors of the Changkat Everitt, W. H. Macgregor and annum. The business had been Serdang Estates, Ltd., report for Denia Moine. Medere, Everitt the monopoly of the East India the year ended January 31 last and Moine retire in accordance. Company, and a very profitable Account. The net profit for with the Articles of Association one, and the company liad, at an the year (subject to the sum to but are eligible for re election. early stage of its development, be voted for directors' fees) Auditors. The endeavoured to ascertain where amounted to $56,451 75 (as com Mesara. Wolsh and Co., retire Canton Fresh Water Fish, Hoi Sin Yu tea could be grown within its own pared with $49,905 67, in the but, being eligible, offer them Catfish, Obik Yu... previous year.) On account of this selves for re-election,
Mr. Denis Moine, the Chair- profit an interim dividend of 3
dominions.
The Nineteenth Century.
auditors,
Barbel,Ka Yu. Bream-Bin Yu
Carp, Li Ya...
*
***
***
[11]
Cucumbers, Ohing Kwa
...
AD
****
lb 8
,,,』་
Tat
12 機門堂
#
**
14
12
11.
D
ib.
044
*** 19
906 19
***
100
**
39
18
12.
4+1
H
IL
***
DER
鬼仔
起鹅
GL 308
水鸭仔
Cane Shoots, bunch,Kan Shun
TEA
Cauliflower, Large size,Tai Yeh Cho Fa
11
Medium nize Cheung Yeh Cho F. *
Small size,Sai Yen Choi Fa
Carrots, Kam Shum ...
Celery, Chinese,Tong Kan Choi
English,Yeng Kan Choi
Chillies Dried,-Con Lat Chin
Red,-Hung Far Chin
Green, Ching Lat Chin
Curry Stul, English, Kar Lee Chu Lin
Bitter Squash,--Fa Kwa
Garlic,-Que T&u ...
Ginger, young,Sun Tae Kering old.-Lo Keung
Horse Radish, Shanghai,--Lik Kan
Lettuce,Yeung Sang Choi
+
Mandarin, Kwai Lum Ma Tai
Mushrooms, Fresh, Sang Cho Koo
Mash Melon. Amer.--Kam-san Hong Kwa Okroes...
Onions Bombay,-Yeung Chong Tan
Groen,Bang Chong
售
Shanghai,Shang-hoi Chong Tau
Papaya, Lut qual,-Tai Man Sau Kus..
2nd
Parsley Kun Cho
MAX Green Peas, Ching Tan
Potatoe, Street-Fan Shu
1)
Shanghai, Shang-hoi Bhu Tas
Japan,Yut Foon Shu Tra
AmericanFa Ki Shu Tea
Foochow Foo-obow Shu Tasi
-52 HB Pumpkin,Tong Kwa
HA Radiah,-Hung Lo Pak Tasi
花
無急色
Rhubarb (Fresh), -Tai Wong
Bage, Tee So
Shallota, Con Chung Tau
Spinach-Yin Choi
Tomatoes-Fan Ker
Taros,Wu Tang
Lupe Panti, (Long),—Lo Pak
English, Young Lo Pak
Vegetable Marrow-Chit Kwa
(American)-Kam-san Chi
Water Cress,Sai Yepng Cho
Lily root,Ian Ngau Yams,Ta Shu
The prices ecessarily vary Board has no ower to compel stalls
***
*
***
ders to sell st BOW
each 18
lb
Chang
Indian Corn, Suk Mai
Cts.
Water Chesnuto,—Ma Tai
lb 8
10
16
20
雄魚
***
***
18
毋您
D
sed
LOSSES AT LLOYD'S.
Codfish-Man Ya... Crabe,-Hai Outtle Fish, Muk Yu Dab, Sa Mang In Dace, Wong Mei Lua..., Dog FishTit Tu Ba Eels, Congor,-Hoi Mann
Fresh water,--Tam Sin Yu
Months of 1913,
Frogs, Tien Kai Garoupa, Sek Pan Gudgeon, Pak Kup Yu According to an official return, Herringe, Teo Pak......
"
KAS
Bra
... FOR
wi
18
"
32
***
2
400
单业务
13
"
D
***
***
*N*
12
***
11
HP
**
***
19
8
11
***
16
"
18
28
W
HIK
46
·
32
1 1
1
12
HO
18
*
28
11
10
28
A
22: ...
蝦食白
During the nineteenth century per cont. was paid in September man, sigue the report. there had been fairly regular last absorbing $21,000 and progress in the volume of the leaving a balance of $35,451.75. consumption within the United To this must be added the balance Kingdom,
which the of $71,610 02 brought forward changes in the rate of duty and from last account making a total fluctuations in the wholesale mar-profit now available for distribu£2000.000 involved In First Two Eols, Yellow, Wong Sin
upon
ket prices appeared to have bad. tion (subject to directors' fees) of bat little influence. In 1838, the $107,100 77. Your directors annual rate had reached 40,000,- recommend that this sum be 000 lbs.; in 1850, it was 51,000, appropriated in the following
000; in 1880, it was 78,000,000 manner:-Payment of direotore the loss sustained by Lloyd's and Halibut, Cheung Kwan Kup in 1870 it was 120,000,000; Tees $2,000, transfer to reserve the marine insurance companies Labraa,Wong Ya Ya... and in 1880, 160,000,000 lbs. In account $50,000, payment of final as a result of shipping disasters Loach,Wala the early portion of the century, a dividend at the rate of 3 por cont. in February amounted to £567, Lobeters-Lung Ha larga saction of the trade was lo-making 8 per cont, for the year) 500, which made a total of Mackerel, Chi Yuur cated in Liverpool, but the advent $21,000, carry forward to next £1,545,500 for the first two Monk Fish, Mong Yu of steamers as the chief medium account $34,100.77.
months of the year. It is es Vallet, Chai Xu ...
■
of ocean transport had led to The progress made on the estimated that the total will be Oysters, Sang Hoo London's becoming prequically tato has boon satisfactory and the raised to over £2,000,000 by the Parrotfish, Kai Kung the sole warehouse and trade following is a summary of the claims now under consideration. Parh Tau Loo... centre of the business after the work accomplished and of the opening of the Suez Canal. The position of the perparty at the casualties to vessels of 500 tons Plaice,Fan Yu
In February there were 581 Pike,Fa Paw Poong trade hid gradually broome very close of the year intrionte and the tradere in it had Area and Cultivation.The gross and upwards, and, of theso, Pomfret, Black,
was as follows
212. strandings for 164, weather Prawns collisions were responsible for Pont Mera damage for 99, and fires and Bay Pai Pa A. R. P. explosions for 24. No fewer than Rook Finh Planted ... 763271280 Reserve land. 205 3 03 were totally leather lin
23 ships, aggregating 45,208 tons Rosal
gradually divided themselves up position as of January 31, 1913 into sections. Aa be bad siid, she porting of ten had been the private, monopoly of the Hon. East India Company, but that
Ka Kung
130
KE
BERERTETEERD SI CETE SELEKARBIKKONTA
TE ENJEUKE BRBROKER HERER'
Page 5Page 6