RAUB COLD MINES.
A VISIT TO THE PROPERTY.
From Raub, a well made 'road trending to the northward leads through a pleasant valley which broadans after about one and a half miles into an open tract of counter surrounded by jungle-covered bills and bereis Kaub Gold Mine-But the customary ugliness of a mise is missing, writes a special commissioner of the Malay Mail. No huge dumps disfigure the landscape. From the road, as one approaches; the tailings are out of sight. Here and there the roofs of buildings and the heads of shafts stand out of the green undergrowth of the level ground, ringed with its encircling dark green bille. But as and goes further along the road, past Chinese vegetable gardens, and, through the large village which has grown up to house the workers, in the mine and supply their wants, one becomes aware of a railway and on electric cable line, she later stretching far away till it disappears among the hills, and all the while the increasing roar and clank of machinery tells of the far from primeval methods the primeval jungle holds.
Here, thirty years ago, by talls me Journey ing from far east cost, came the pioneer.
of modern mining in labang, Mr. W. Bibby, Here, through. difficulties of transport almost, unimaginable, up more than 103 miles against the stream of the swithfi swing Pahang liver and
over thirty-nine miles of jau, e mucks, he
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH TUESDAY SEPTEMBER 22, 1908,
shout is inaudible and all, orders are given by,
THE STAMPS!!!
TYPHOON
"THEIR ORIQU
sporto and distance mas, be takenwinte thod of aatimating: thi Centro in
made.
storm
ction of D. DEVELOPMENT:: The stamps, of which there are" forty,, ar-
observing the lower louds, the The September of the North Pacific direction of whose motion is often at right an ranged in batteries of ten each, are not unlike miniature steam hammers. They all upon chart of the Unjjed plates Hydrographic Degles to (eight points 'from) the-bexting of 150 iron blocks resting upon a bed of concrete withpartment has a timely article on typhoonada fistorm centra. This method often furnishes a
a layer of wood between the concrete and the frog to provide the slight amount of "give necessary to avoid the cracking of the beds. It is interesting to ne te, by the way, that the now- est idea is to substitute a layer of rubber for wood. The broken fragments of rock which come down the shoots from above are here pounded into fine powder," A constant stream | of water flows under the stamps and carrying these minute particles of sand with it, pazner | through foa wize gasze screens and then over sloping copper sheets covered with me cury. The mercury retains the gold, and the sheets gradually get covered with a fine silvery matter: This is amalgam and contains 13 per cent. of purs guid. At intervals the ama'gam is scraped from the mercury covered copper tables, rolled up into lumps, and taken away to be falurted: The separated mercury is used again and the gold is smelted into brick-shaped ingots ready for the bank.
Until recently, the still sandy water which nowed away from the mercury tables was let 50 as tailings, but now, by means of a long chemical process, much gold, which previously went to waste, it won from it. The tailings are troughs called Willey tables where iron and
east Asiatic waters, more prevalect during this morth than at other times. The typhoon of the western Pacific Ocean is in many respects the counterpart of the West Indian hurricane of the Atlantic Both classes of storms have their origin in the vicinity of tropical groups of islands, and under similar barometric condi- tlous; both undergo the same slow develop ment and exhibit the same tendency to recurve upon reaching the northern limit of the E. N. trades. A typhoon, or trapical cyclonic storm of the Pacific, is due primarily to the appearance, generally within the sea enclosed by the Philip pines, the Western Carolines, and the Marina Isinade, or within the China Sea, of a local area of low barometer, brought about by the inequalities in the temperature conditions of the atmosphere. In its incipient stages, the eficiency of atmospheric pressure throughout this area may be slight, amounting to only a few hundredths of an inch. According to vary lag conditions, soch a depression may either be dissipated or it may deepen and ultimately develop into a well-defined storto-core, sive ing, rise to winds of buricase force. At the centre, and during the height of the storm, the
To-dap's Advertisements.
HONGKONG JO
CUB
NOTICE THE HALF-YEARLY MEETING of
the above Club will be held on SATUR DAY, the 3rd October, at 1.30 PM, at the Office of the JOCKEY CLUB on the Ground Hoor of the Hongkong Club Annexe, Cbater Road.
By Order,
TF. HOUGH;
Clerk of the Course. Hongkong, 22nd Septembar 1908 9" (8615
ENDERS are invited for the SUPPLY TO TENDER NAVAL YARD OF Une nader. mentioned Timber Materials for one year from 18th October, 1958, viz
more trustworthy result than the former, pocially in the neighbourhood of the coast where the direction of the surface lads is apt to be disturbed by the presence of the land. must not be plac: Too great reliance, however, must no ed on a single observation by either method. Concerning the incurvature of the wind, it may be stated that the value génerally assum. od, vix, two points, is only approximate, being the average obtained from a study of the wind observations in a large number of typhoons. The actual value may range from sero, which would place the storm centre sight points to the sight of an observer facing the wind, to four points, which would place it twelve points on his right. For the same typhoon the incurvature of the winds of fall hurricane force near the centre of the storm is apt to be less than that of the more moderate winds in ‘in outlying portions, the former winds frequently, blowing almost parallel to the isobars. The incurvature is also apt to be a point or two greater and much more uniform in low latitudes, where the motion of the storm centre is slow, than in high latitudes, where it frequently becomes rapid, "
TRARAS AMERICAN FIR OF OREGON PINE Camphor, WOOD HARDWOODS
BAULK, THICKSTUFF,
SCANTLING, PLANK, AND BOARD." OREGON SPARS. to the conditions of contract, &c., can be Forn of Tender, and information is regard' obtained on application to the NAVAL STORE OFFICER, H. M. Naval Yard. A deposit of one hundred dollars will be required with each tender, but this will be retarded on the accept
brought the ka,vý' plant necessary for dean now jun, over a succession of four inclined barometric pressure may fall- as low as 28 50 A vasiel warned by" her harometer and should be sealed 'and addressed to the Naval"
Around this central low temperature, which constitutes the heart of the storm, the winds circulate in a direction contrary to the motion of the hands of a watch, not in circles, how: ever, but in spirals, which continually approach the centre the curve described by the air being similar in many respects to the familiar path followed by the water in escaping from a circular basin by a central opeeing in the bottom. To the north of the storm centre we thus have saiterly and north-easterly winds; to the south, westerly and south-westerly winds; east of the centre, southerly and nutheasterly windt; west of the centre, northerly and north westerly. The strength of the wind diminishes ́on we go outward, the winds of typhoon force rarely extending father than 340 miles from the storm centre, //
inches. The space, however, over which this m'ning. Here, in a practically unknown Counther sulphides are extracted. From the Wil- exceedingly low temperature prevails is general try, he sank the first shaft called Raub Holey tables the water rues off as railings, leavingly small, sometimes not more than a few miles from which mach gold was won, now abandon.
à deposit behind known as concentrates, Theron extent.. od fifteen years ago and overgrown with jungle.
are taken away, and having passed through a It is difficult for the moders traveller who, small mill go into a large vat (there are five of leaving Kuala Lumpur in the early morning them at Raub) containing cyanide in solution. reaches Raub with cast and comfort after some
Here the Raid is "agilsted" by gi. eight hours'juracy by rail and mɔior bus, to
gamle stirrers. From the vats, the eyan imagine the isaletion of the place when there
ide passes through a series of extractor boxes was no road over the mountains to the west contaioning zinc shavings which collect all the ward and the only commusication with the gold in the solution (technically the gold is world lay to the east along the river Pahang said to be "precipitated upon the shavings), But perhaps some idea may be gained when it The cyanide in solution, after leaving the ex. in remembered that not for a considerable time, tracter boxes, runs into two enormous vats after the opening of the nine did any one come called "umps" where it receives any additions to it by the western route, and then the travel necessary to keep it up to the required strength, lers bad to ride up on the backs of elephants. and whence it is pumped up to the vals above But this article has to do rather with gold and used over and over again. Meanwhile the miolog as it is now carried on nt Raub than zinc shavings are treated with, acids and then with stories of the past. Besides Raub Hole, at last are ready for smelting. Mr. W. Bibby opened the celebrated Bukit Koman Shall, which, after being worked at 140 feet, is still a paying concern at depths of 140, 340, 440 and 540 feet Three years ago the Stopa mine that was opened shout bali a mile south of Bukit Konsuo. "This was first worked at a 60 ft. level and work is now genug on at the !! 160 ft. level. Here it is intended to follow the lode, not only deep into the ground, but further to the south again where a new shaft named "Anderson," after the airman of the Board of Directors, is being sunk, and from which, as soon as the installation of pumping machinery is completed (and it is very lar advanced), the lode will be worked backward towards stope mina as well-35 southward. Besides these two shafts there are various surface aluvial work ings: but, though they may yield valuable returns for a time, they are quite apart from the permanent business of the mine
NET.OD OF MINING.
· The mothod ofworki gemployed in the shafts at Raub is identical with the method in general use on the Rand. It is easy to understand when one is actually in the mine, but not so cany to make plain no paper without the help of a pab. The position of the lode, which uns with the strata, having been ascertained, a shaft in sunk a little to one side of the lode. When the required depth is reached, a tunnel is driven across the state of the lode and this
1
This is the process of treating all the quarte brought to the surface at Rasb, excepting that the ore from one of the crushers, instead of passing under the stamps, is pounded in a farge revolving mill something like a chura called a " Hadtingdon mill".
POWER.
All the power requisite to drive the compli- cated machinery we have attempted to des crebe, as well as the 45 horsepower Cornish pump and 70 horsepower hauling engine at Bukit Koman, is provided by electricity, which also works the machinery in the large repair ing shop near the crushing mill, where all but very exceptional injuries to the plant are made good. The electricity is generated by water and conveyed along wires a distance of nine miles to the mine itself. It speaks well for the progressive policy pursued at Raub that the iostaliation dates from nine years back, and the excellence of the plant is testified to by the fact that Breakdowns seldom occur, and serious breakdowas never, and this though one of the generators is similar in make to, though of smaller size Iban, one of those which convey from Ulu Gombak to Kuala Lumpur so variegated a supply of elec- tric current. Of course all the light required above ground at Raub is électric ; under, round, candies are used: Although electricity in the-chiel mative power, there is a certain amount of steam, as for instance, the temporary pumping engine at Andersen shaft and the focomotives on the light railway.
LABJUR.
If the storm centre remained stationery, a vessel hove-to under storm canvas would experience, no steady shilt of the winds, but would simply feet the force of the gale increase oil its fall violence was attained, after which it would gradually blow itself out, all from one quarter. Such, however, is never the case. In addition to the movement of the air ar und the storm centre, there is a progressive movement of the centre itself, carrying with it its circulating system of winds. In low latitudes the direction of this movement for all typhoons has a wester-
IL
ance of rejection of the same. Tha Tenders, which will be received till noon on 1st proximo, Store Officer, H. M..Naval Yard. The lowest or any Tender will not necessarily be accepted.
1862
H. RISSLAND,
Naval Store Officer. Hongkong, 16th September, 1908.
POSTPONEMENT. DOUGLAS STEAMSHIP COMPANY,.. LIMITED.
FOR SWATOW, AMOY AND FOOCHOW. THE Company's Steamship
Intimations.
YOU MAY BU
FROM US A
VICTOR
$2 per week.
CALL AND HEAR
OUR
LATEST
by the character of the winds and sea that typhoon is approaching should, if the sea room permits, seek to avoid it by running. la general terms it may be said that the semi- circle of the storm towards the equator is the less dangerous, as storm centres in both bemi. spheres show a constant tendency to move to wards higher latitudes. A vessel in this semi- circie, therefore, is free from the danger of again meeting the typhoon after recarving if the fall of the barometer and the shifts of the wind are slow, it means that the storm
" HAICHING,” is yet at a distance, and a swift vessel, taking advantage of the increasing favour Captain Paumore, will be despatched for the able winds, may manage to outstrip it and above Parts, TO-MORROW, the 33rd last, at thus escape the loss of time incidental to heav-o'clock P., instead of as previously adver
A Reduction of 20% oo First Class Fares IMPROVED ing to or sacking the southern semi-circle. It tied is, however, only in the outlying portions of the
of September. storm that it is possible to carry, sail. Near the to Foochow will be made during the Month centre the vessel must be hove to under as little
For Freight or Passage, apply to canvas as possible, and much depends upon
DOUGLAS LAPRAIK & Co, the proper tack.
General Managers. '-
181 Hongkong, aand September, 1908. UNITED STATES AND CHINA-JAPAN STEAMSHIP LINE,-- --FOR NEW YORK VIA SUEZ CANAL. THE Steamship
-BANKRUPICY IN 1997,
AMOUNT OF INSOLVENCY,
BAD YEAR FOR SINGAPORE. The annual report on the working of the Bankruptcy Department during 1907 was laid on the table of Council last work. The balance of receipts over expenditure in Singapore was Dearly eight thousand dollars, a high percup! age, when it is seen that the total rece pts were only twenty-two thousand odd. In Penang the balance was about one thousand. The Official Assignee says thatou general principles ly composent, some staims continuing birge excess of revenue over expenditure is course and entering the mainland of Cechin abi to be desired. China; others recurve towards the northeast and skirt the coast of Japan, Omitting the typhoons which recarva in the China Sea, the Middia Dog Lighthouse, at the northern en trance to the Formosa Chaunet, is the centre of the region of recurvature. The velocity of the progressive motion of the storm centre varies; within the tropics it rarely exceeds ten miles on hour, being much more regular then in higher latitudes, where the velocity-range from zero, the centre at times appeasing to be come ail but stationary up to forty miles on hour...
The report goes on to staje:---
-"INDRANI".
Captain Macfarlant, will be despatched as
For Freight, apply to above on or about MONDAY, 19th October.
JARDINE, MATHESON & Co,
Agents. 'Hoogkong, 330d September, 1908, [863 FOR SHANGHAI, YOKOHAMA, KOBE AND MOJI
THE Steamship
"GREGORY APCAR'"' Capt. S. H. Belson, will be despatched for the above Forts on THURSDAY, the 24th inak, at Daylight, instead of as previously advertised.
This Steamer has Superior Accommodation for Passengers, and is installed throughout with Electric Light and carries a duly certified Doctor.
For Freight or Passage, apply to
DAVID SASSOON & Co., LIMITED,
Agents,
[819 Hongkong, 22nd September, 1908.
were $101,375.74 being 5.4 per cent of the estimated liabilities.
in Penang, the gross estimated liabilities amounted to $637,034.88. The gross assets realized amounted to $14,555.21 or 3.85 per cent. Excluding the case of Chop Kwong weng (No. 30 of 1971 where a composition of 60 per cent was approved, and where no assets came into the hands of the Assistant Official
The year 1977 proved to be a record one for Singapore as regards the number of Recelving Oidera made. Towards the end of the year them was a good deal of uneasiness in business circles, to which the slump in the price of tin and the Spancial crisis in America with its unavoidable reaction all over the world us doubledly contributed. In addition there was a large amount of unhealthy speculation in exchange which proved disastrous for many of those concerned, Credit, on which The present theory of tropical cyclone Singapore lives, was shaken. There is a storms requires that there shall exist at good deal to be said for settlements outside. the certs, towards which the incurving without coming isto bankruptcy. The creditore surface wi.da are directed, a rising get cash down, they know exactly where they colump of warm, moist air Upon reaching Hand, and business can be resumed in a short the higher levels of the atmosphere, the water time with, possibly, safeguards against further vapour borse aloft by this air is condensed losses. On the other band it is for the general The superintendence of the mine is into claude, which are carried by the now good of the trading community that insolvent entirely in the hands of Europeans of whom onward curving winds away from the centra traders should go through the Bankruptcy
on all sides. These clouds, then, which are of Court, They are at least prevented from: Irad-Assignes, the total liabilities are reduced to there are thirteen including the Manager, Each man is in charge of a certain section the cirrus type, radiating in long feathery ing in the same way as before. They are liable of the mines or plinty-and-for-his section streamers from the region of the ascending to be punished for offences against the Ordin- he is always responsible day, and night, for column, constitute for the sailor the best indiance, and publicity is given to their methods
cation of the approaching typhoon, sometimes of trading. work at Rabb never ceases. The stamps run
BANKRUPTCY NOTICES, PETITIONS, ETC. continuously from year to year, if we except making their appearance when the storm
There can be no doubt that many petitions the pauses of a few minutes necessary in each centre is 1,500 miles distant. As the centre individual battery while the amalgam is being approaches, the density of the cloud canopy are stil filed merely for the purpose of extort collected, while below ground the work of ex- deepens, until the belt of simbus, from which ing money from debtors, and there were sumer- The labourers torrents of rain descend, is attained. The os cases of several petitions against a debtor creditors ware settled with. A postpopement of The first barometric indication of the the hearing of a petition when a bana approach of a typhoon is the disturbance side settlement with all creditors is being of the diurnal range. In these low made is desirable, but the cases ̈ ̈de« ing settled wasther, should show a decided 10. 2 latitudes; a good mercurial. barometer, der sided in England make it quite clear a petition should be dismissed when it is filed solely for the purpose of extortion. maximum about 10 am, the reading at that Tide in re Atkinson erp Atkinson 9 Morrell hour (after correction for initial error and for 193 In re Ulway and Olway 2. Manson 174. Bebro 7 femperature) standing between 29.85 and 29.95 Referred to with approval in Isr
is called the cross-cut. When the lede is re- uched a tunnel is driven aldog it (a right angles to the cross-cu:) until a point decided upon is reached. Then, midway between the commence ment of the tunnel at the end of the cross cot and the tunnel's end, a small shaft called a wiree is anak from the surface of the ground to the level, as the tunnel is called. The wine ventilates the level and also provides a guicing poist la the next stage of the proceedings, and that is the removing of all the Iride from the level upwards tó wihin a few feet of the stface by a method called stoping,
This is accomplished in the following way. from the winre in to h directions. Thep, from the winze, tha quar.z which comprises the loab work in three shifts of eight hours eacb - The ) widib of this belt in front of the centre-is-in- being withdrawn one by ons as; the respective since 1904 as have the loxies to creditors; but
The level is stoutly timbered for rome distance
is removed la a sloping direction from both
It is conveyed to the bottom of the shaft in
cavation always continues.
RECORDS,
MACHINES
...AND THE
MARVELLOUS
AUXETOPHONE
THE
ROBINSON
PIANO
Hongkong, zand August, 1908
CO LTO
KOWLOON HOTEL.
"THE CATCH OF THE
COLD SEASON.'
ed rises to 7.53 per cent,
From the table of insolvency during the past 1326 367.14 and the percentage of assets realiz
ten years in the Colony little can be deduced. from the estimated per centum loss. The per- centage varies from as little as 23 04 at Penang in 1903 to 100 per cent in Malaces in 1904 and 96 in Penang in 1920. But it may be said that extraordinarily high percentages occar when the number of inaalvencies is very all The MUSICAL DINNERS liabilities in Singapore have ruled very high
last year was easier than 1906.
COMMERCIAL.
TO-DAY'S EXCHANGE
Selling
London-Bank T-T..
Do demand Do months' sight -*rance-Bank T.T. ..... America Bank.T.T.
Temony-Bank T.1. mscheríssé Vadim T. Te utilismusamamu
Dodemmodeme 133-
EVERY
SATURDAY at 8 P.M.
43
SPECIAL MENU.
· jhangt al-Bank Trommemisemitism/
Japan--Beat TT, Singapore-Bask T.T, per H.K. $100......761
sides. Part of the space, thus made, is filled. Boderground work is done catirely by Chinese, general, about 150 miles; in the rear it is less. with waste rock, excavated for the purpose, and all work is given cut on the contract sys tem. Above ground the labour is Chincie, which rests on the timbered roof and forms a secure-flour for the men to stand on. Funber Malay and Tamil. The drivers of the locomo along the level, the process of working from which happen to be in use, are Malays the lives on the railway, and of any steam engites other wines in repeated. to the work goes on labour required in connection with the electric till almost the whole of the lads be ween the plant being Tamil. Altogether there are 850 level and the surface has been removed, and its place taken by waste rock. Then the shaften employed on the mine.
When our representative' paid a visit to the leches (758.2 to 750.7 millimetres), while about Mans 284] 41802
Mans 24ld be more satisfactory if, before a is sunk lower and the process reported with. mine a short time ago he descended, not-Bukit. 4 p.m. there should be a corresponding mini-petition was allowed to be withdrawo, an cross-cut, level, ard upward excavation to the Keman, which most visitors see, but the com- mum, the reading at that hour being about affidavit was submitted by the debtor wating floor of the former level. The actual excavation is done by bla ting, and the rock so loosened parathely new Stope mine shaft which already o 10 inches (3.5 millimetres) less than at foam.ho the creditors were, and also a statement is rolled down shoots to the level, along which produces the largest amount of gold and which The same thing is reposted at in pas, and at signed by all such creditors to the effect that ABSCONDED DEBTORS, TORON leads to workings lo tie same lode as that to 4 mm. If the forenoos maximum is appre-they had been settled with gue be approached from Anderson shaft, which ciably below 29.85 inches, or if the descent
at easy muller, especially under (1) (a) the months sight L/C, taken along the narrow-gauge railway by loco- the mine. Domo at the too ft. level in Stope markedly greater than one-tenth of an inch,bsconding section. It is difficult to prove 6 months' sight L./U molives to the crushing mill where the process wise the isde in perfectly obvious, even to the the weather should be watched with great man his absconded, 14, placed himself to days' sight San Francisco & New York: 441
unloitiated lay observer, for it is entirely differ care. Several successive days of light viti. outside the jurisdiction of the Court by monthe sight
jo days' sight Sydney & Melbonn
months sight Tranceisii ept in colour and general appearance from the able winds and calms;" a period of hot, leaving the Colony, without the evidence
5 months' sight'` "bound ship or to a foreign country. On the The trucks are draws to the top of the slope dark sbaly rock which walls it in on either side. sultryweather; increasing moisture of of someone who saw his on an outward
| months' sight Germany on which the mill stands and there they are Also it gleams and flistens with thousands of the atmosphere, shown by the diminishing other hand if there is reason to believe,
preparing to leave the Colony, by Bar Silver tipped, the rock they contain being shot on to minute fragments of pyrites which, sparkling difference between the wet and dry bulb thar man is screens which allow the small pieces to fall in the flickering candle-light, make fis appear. mometer, increasing amount of cloud and an the time the warrant is obtained, be has pro Bank of England rate.
not entail much hardship on him,. Wherever through, the pieces too large to pass through ac quite picturesque. The disadvantage of ominous heaving of the ses, are all conditions bably gone. Absconding to Chinaman does Sovereign the screens being picked up by band and flang Slope mice from a spectator's point of view is forerunning the occurrence of the typhoon he goes he can usually find clansmen and Into the crushers, These have a likeness to that it is a good deal wetter than Bukit Koman To fix the direction of the storm centre from friends and his tracks can be successfully the mouths of monstrous animals, and there is and what with drippings from above se splash- | the vessel, it is thus only necessary to face the covered up. In England a man probably sul something animal-like in the ease with which ings from below, no ose who has been in it - wind; in, which case the Coptre will lie ten they champ the solid rock into liny pieces in long can emerge very dry. It is surprising, points to the observer's right;"
trucks which are hauled to the surface, and taller will become la time the principal shaft in between this and the afternoon, minimum is To arrest n.debtor under Section 24 is not, the BLAGAR Buying...
of extracting the ore takes place.
MILLING THE QUARTZ.
the pics of a few seconds, and then go on mouthlog iksir (enful jswn' as though esger to sit deal with the next pince thrown to them Here #ip the noise is terrific, but when/one/ cenda'
Eext fipor, where the stampa are st brojuss literally deafening, la
however, to notice how cool, the atmosphere is, for one somehow expects the air to be outrage pusly suffy, Bukit Koman is, we believe, a good deal warmer; in fact from the mouth- the shalt a mist caused by heat; contingal
rough value of the distance from (remembering that,
continues to this
fere less hardship by ramalulse where he is.
It would be more efficacions if the section used
the word hiding for "absconding *
INBOLYENCY," "LIABILITIES AND GROSS
VSOFIUM.QUOTATION,
To-day's quotations are as follows
STRING BAND
3/03/16
151/9 13/16
IN ATTENDANCE.
19 15/16
DANCING
at 9.30 P.M.
Per Fical
O BOWEN,
Page 5Page 6
Shipping Steamers,