THE WAR.
THE OPENING CEREMONY OF THE IMPERIAL DIET.
THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH WEDNESDAY, APRIL 6, 1904.
comment.
RUSSIA AND GERMANY.
leave Chin se ports nor be furnished by development of events without foreign feel-Arthur, leaving the destroyer in the hands of Chinese subjects. Until further orders Chi-ings or that of either of the belligerents having nese territory leased to Russia, as well as been exciled against Germany by injudicious the port of Newchwang, still in Russian occupation, are to be considered foreign THE ADDRESS FROM. THE THRONE. places to which the export of rice, etc., in On the 21st ult. we printed a telegram|cluding flour is prohibited. With regard to from our correspondent at Yokohama, giving a summary of the speech from the Throne at the opening ceremony of the Imperial Diet held in the House of Peers on the zotli
ult.
the neutrality of China during hostilities it is stipulated that, trade with the belligerent powers may continue, but must be in accord with rules regarding contraband of war. Accordingly, the working of cargo composed of articles on the contraband of war list, is forbidden, and permits, etc. will be refused, Flour will be treated similarly to rice, which can only voyage under bond.
VICE ADMIRAL TOGO REPLIES
TO THE EMPEROR. ·
On the 15th u. Vice-Admini Togo, Com mander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet, re- plied to the Imperial Message of the 13th idem as follows:-
H.I.M. the Emperor, accompanied by Prince Iwakurn, Chamberlain Viscount Tanaka, Minister of the Imperial House hold, Lieut-General Baron Okazawa, Chief Aide-de-camp to His Majesty, and other Court dignitaries, left the Palace at 10 a.m., that day. The Imperial procession in full state arrived at the Diet, where His Majesty was received by H. I. H. the Crown Prince and other Princes of the Blood, who had
"We, humble subjects of Your Majesty, are previously arrived, the President and Vice- Presidents of the two Houses and other deeply impressed by the gracious re:cript officials in the Dict. His Majesty rested granted us with regard to the attack on Port for a short time in a chamber specially pre-Arthur on March 10th. At present the weather in the Yellow Sea has become very mild and pared for the Imperial use..
our tactical movements are thereby greatly facilitated. We shall endeavour, with greater energy than before, to obtain a conclusive victory in this war,"
At 11 am the Emperor, again accom. panied by H.I.H. the Crown Prince, the Princes of the Blood, and most of t e Court dignitaries mentioned above, repaired to the floor of the Upper House, where Count Katsura, the Premier, the other Ministers of State, the Privy councillors, and the mem- bers of the two Houses welcomed. His Majesty.
THE ADDRESS,
After all present had taken their positions, 'Count Katsura approached the Emperor and banded to His Majesty the scroll containing the Speech from the Throne. Receiving the document from the hands of the Premier, His Majesty read the following Address:
"We hereby open the Imperial Diet and address cach and all Members of the Houses of Peers and of Representatives —
"We announce with high satisfaction that Our relations with the Treaty Powers are steadily growing in cordiality and good understanding.
PROLUS JAPAN'S ACTION, OPINION FXPERT ON INTERNATIONAL LAW.
Prof. John W. Burgess, dean of the school of political science of Columbia University,
|
The Russ, a St. Petersburg journal, says: "We should like in know why the Teutonic press is so friendly. Germany has claims on Eastern Turkey. In the case of the Ragdad railway, Russin saw action by Germany'tiken directly against the interests of this country Germany now seems to be taking advantage of our complication in the Far East. We cannot conceal the fact that it is known that Germany more than ever is actively pushing her plans in South-eastern Europe. Will not this fiendship
cost us dear in the end?"
Advices from Newchwang state that the Russians at Port Arthur declare the stronghold impregrable. Smallpox is raging in the city, and the mortality from this cause is stated to be ten times that from the attacks of the Japa nese. As regards medical equipment the city is a deplorable condition.
The first complete train traversed Lake Baikal over the railway on the ice on the 1st ult. The train consisted of twenty-five cars. Prince Khilkoff, Russian Minister of Public Works and Railways, was present when the start was made.
According to a telegram from Victoria, Bri- tish Columbia, the Brnish Admiralty issued orders on the 26th February for the "Empress steamships sailing between Vancouver and the Orient to mount their six-inch guns. The "Empress liners are British Government merchant cruisers, and the Government may call upon them for aid whenever occasion arises, but we doubt if the Admiralty has issued
and an authority on international law, de
the order reported above. clared recently that Japan had violated on
According to the Government budget sub- principle of international law by her attack unmitted to the Diet the war expenditure for this the Russian fleet in-Port Arthur previous..103 year is estimated at Y380,0,000. formal declaration of hostilities.
"As far as there is precedent for alleging an act of treachery the evidence is on the other side." said Prof. Burgess. "In our wars, both with Mexico and Spain, h stilles were begun and continued before a state of war was declared. In the Mexican war two battles, those of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, were fought before Congress recog- nized war as existing. At any event, there was enough previous rotice to the Russian Government to lead the Russians to expect a
hostile net.
"The Russian Ambassador at Tokyo had received his passpur's in t.ken that diplomatic relations no longer existed.. The Japanese Minister at St. Petersburg in turn had asked for his papers and had notified the Russian Foreign Office of his intention of leaving. Certainly that constitutes notice enough that a nation has determined to break off amicable relations. In fact, it would appear as if Russia had been a little bit slow in this matter.
"As far as I have been able to discover there is no fixed and stated principle of in-
1,
The Japanese military engineers have erect- ed strong fortifications in north Korea fr.t Gensan in Ham-gyong Do to Anju in Phyong aa Do. The fortifications extend right across the country and they are pronounced by Rus- sian officers to be impregnable.
"The amusements of the Czar" adds the writer, "are few. He is fond of photography, sometimes indulge in a mood, for the making of melancholy verse, and, as was said in a previous place, he is an adept with the cycle. When at Gatchina he is in the habit of cycling by himself for a portion of every day, but at Peterhof the work brought down from St. Peter burg, and the constant interviews with Ministers and officials, consume the whole of
time, and a light in His Majesty's wrking.
the enemy but ablere.
The Chinese travelled in the direction of i ort Arthur, and at one place 'saw ten guns ranged along the shore. Behind the guns was a trench about two hundred feet long, six feet deep and four feet wide. The place was quite desolate, however, and no soldier could be seen with the exception of a man en a bill some dis lance away, who appeared to be an officer. Passing along to the next village the Chinese his
room may be seen far into the night as he arillerymen. These men were reported to be labours with the mountains of papers that are a company of about tree hundred stationed there and quartered on the in- despatched to him by cunning Ministers, who are resolved to surround the young Ciar with a habitants. The Russians were not given a
prapet of detail in order to prevent his mas good name, as it was reported that they com nient, and were generally feared by the policy.' mandeered what they required without paytery of the larger questions affecting Russian people. On the ith ult. the traveller passed "The Czar is a kindly, saddened, overwork- through a village translated as King-yang-tooged and unhappy man. His desire to do his Here be learned from the villagers, who appear duty compels him to engage in an unceasing ed to be much pleased at the prospect, that the struggle with details which are never overtaken. Japanese army was expected before long, and In this struggle he is kelped by one of the hest that scouts had been landed from Japanese and noblest of women, whose virtues are derived, through her mother, from our own warships, On arrival at Port Arthur the Chin ese soon discovered that commodities were at Queen Victoria. When the Czar was a boy he Famine prices, Kernsent costing 4 cents at had an English nurse who taught him to speak Chefoo was here 3a cents; flour was 4 dollars, English methods of life and habits which he has while at Chefon it was 2 dollars 20 cents; bread never list. When the Czur is in private cos. 5 cents a roll, and at Chefoo something equival- tume he has recourse to an English tailor. ent to 6 in. A Chinese restaurant charged him English family life is his delight, and the Eng- lish constitutional system he regards with a more than ten times the usual price. The Russians in authority commandeered pigs at favourable eye. in character he is more like one-and-a-half roubles a head, fowls from 5 to his grandfather than his father.
The Czar Nicholas 1. is physical'y weak; to cents. Donkeys were appropriated without
king the trouble in pay the owners. Jaks his nestes are sha tered; his will feeble. He were prohibited from trading, aud no agriculis atstable where iron-handedness is essential. He is dependent when a strong individuality is tural products were entering the cit
required. He is constantly in subjection first to one ueuce and then to another. He is more the usually amenable to women's contral and the air sex has on more than one occasion exerciset powerful, if not calampous, influence upon his life."
From his observation in the port, the Chin- ese concludes that as much wood as possible is used in the repair of the damaged war-ships, as the work can be executed much more quickly with went than with iron. There were then seven or eight war-ships and ten destroyers in part. At the entrance to the harbour was sunk A large Chinese Eastern Railway Company's steamer, of which the upper part of the deck could be seen. To the cast of the Tiger's Tail was sunk a large three-funnelled warship, and on the other side was another war-ship submer wed. One of the Japanese steamers used in the blocking expedition was sunk in the entrance to the harbour, and was in such a position that
cased great obstruction. Regarding the troops then in the city the observer thought
there were les, than 2,000.
About forty Chinese were employed as de tectives by the civil administration at a wage of forty roubles a month. There was a stand ng reward of several hundred roubles to the man who apprehended a spy. An incident occursed on the 5th March, which is related as A man, who returned from Liantung peninsula fact. The narrator says a very large number of Chinese left Port Arthur by train, after ob a few days ago, says the Kobe tieraid of 28th taining permission of the civil authorities to leave, but when they arrived at a certain village ult. reports that there are barracks to the east of the northern gate of Rinchow and three they were im, ressed by the Russians and em
place called Sokalo. hundred Russians are stationed there. Forderlayed on the construction of some lots at a in large heaps was piled up in the rear of the barracks and a number of tins of kerosene have heen placed near the fodder. It is believed that the Russians intend to set fire 10 he ladder in case of retreat. Five forts are
built on Nanshan Hill outside of the north gate and 22 field pieces and ú cannons have been mounted there. A road has been made between the south gate and the forts to facilitate the forwarding of munitions of war, Boats have been dug in various directions between the south gate, the hill and the coast and magazines have been laid at various places. At the
"Prompted by an earnest desire to main- tain permanent peace in the Extreme East, Our Government by Our command entered into negotiations with Russia, but We regret that, owing to an absence of sincerity on the part of Russia in her peaceful professions, We have been compelled to appeal to arms. Having taken that step, We should know no rest until the objects of the war is attained. Our forces, in the presence of unwonted hardships and privations, are now displaying their steadfast loyalty and valour, and We hope that all Our subjects will co-operate international law which demands that there shall
Forts to mount quickfirers were in perfect unity for the enhancement of the be any formal declaration of war whatsoever.
There is no need of the formality, and all pre-course of construction at the top of the city glory of the Empire.
cedent modern times, even in the case of wall. Forts were also in course of construction The at Pehshan, north of the north gate. "We trust that you will, in compliance one war in which Russia herself was concern-
Russians are believed to be preparing to dig a with Our will, fulfil the duty incumbent uponed, declares that no need exists for such a step
moat from the west gate to lekshan Hill. The you and give cordial consent to those Bud- Entry of the Russian furces into Turkey in gets and Bills which are specially urgent in 1877 preceded by several hours the Russian north, west and casi gates were closed on the 17th and no traffic has since been allowed connection with the situation, and We have declaration of war against the Sublime Porte.
The Chinese have about three months ordered the Ministers of State to lay before This is so well known a case as to be used as
provisions. They are afraid to leave the city you."
jest they should fall into the hands of the mounted bandits.
His Majesty was distinctly heard from all paris of the House and on the conclusion of the Address, all the members of the Diet, who had been standing during the reading of the Address, made a deep obeisance. Prince Tokugawa, the President of the House of Peers, then stepped forward and received the scroll from the Emperor. This ended the ceremony, and after a brief rest in the chamber mentioned above, the Emperor and suite returned to the Imperial Palace, leaving the Diet at about half-past eleven.
a text book illustration.
"War is considered to date from the first actual moment of conflict, and the conduct of belligerents and neutrals is regulated from that instant as if a formal statement of hostility had been made and received. There was nothing treacherous or improper in th, attack made by the Japanese."-N. Y. Sun,
barracks to the south of the hill there are 3.500
men.
There is a fort between
Kinchow and the hill in the rear of Talienwan. Submarine magazines have been laid down at Talienwan, but not in Kinchow Bay. The Russians are stationed at Sanjuciho and no one is allowed to go near the place. The high"
Two
The following telegrams are taken from the road, which is strictly guarded by the Russians,
is not protected, but all by-ways nie. Straits Times :—
travellers were killed by stepping on one of
KUROPATKIN AT MUKDEN. FURTHER PARTICULARS ABOUT THE LAST PORT ARTHUR ATTACK.
London, 28th March. General Kuropatkin has arrived at Vukden Further official telegrams from St. Petersburg say that, when the Japan: se fleet appeared off
As to the provisions in Port Arthur, the Chinese says he saw six stone warehouses filled with flour, and five stores built of aine full of rice. It was reported that provisions for the military were plentiful, train-loads arriving regularly from Manchuria.
At the bombardment on the oth the lapan. ese squadron was sheltered from the fire of the forts by the peninsula behird Kotetsuzan. Since the 14th at the construction of a large lart has begun which will command the position taken up by the squadron. Some three hundred and fifty engineering troops and five hundred Chinese were engaged on the work.
The Chinese who communicates the above
returned to Chefon on the 22nd ultimo.
THE UNHAPPY CZAR.
The new Fortnightly Review contains, among a number of most excellent articles bearing un the general situation in the Far East, a very timely and well-informed character sketch of the Cir, of whom, as the writer admits, the most contradictory impressions are abrand
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is detractors declare him 10 be a melancho lv, uxorious mar, surrounded by a wall of detail, dominated by women, and impotent for god or evil. His admirers describe him as a man with a great mission for the advancement of the humanitarian idea which is struggling with militari m in every country in Europe."
The Czer's horror of war is largely derived from his mother, the sister of Queen Alexandra. The present writer has had the opportun ty of Russia on the subject of war. There can be of hearing the views of the Dowager Empress no indiscretion in saying that her Majesty's loathing and detestation of the method of set N WINDSOR GARDEN has been
the magazines on the 15th and at Yanshandling international differences by resort to lill four coolies were blown to pieces on the physical force is impossible to exaggerate. It is not that the Dowager- Empress is insensible 15th.
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THE Partnership existing in the business of and F. HUBER has been this day DISSOLVED, and I shall be no longer responsible for any Ders incurred by the said F. HUBER in the name of the Partnership after this date.
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It may be mentioned that during the ceremony the galleries of the House of l'eers were filled by the members of the Diplomatic Port Arthur on the morning of the 17th instant, Cavalry are stationed there. There is a large ambitions of France, Gods a most powend CHANGE NOW or in the near future?
Body and high military and civil officers, all attired in State uniforms, making the scene a brilliant one. There were also some twenty foreign war correspondents presenting an engagement. during the ceremony.
the Russian fleet, leaving the harbour, opened fire upan it, as also did the forts.
The Japanese fleet withdrew, evidently declin- "The Siley's engines were damaged by a shell during the fight with the Japanese torpedo boats.
a reef. the The Silay stranded on The following is the reply to the address from the Throne as adopted by the House | subsequently floated off and re-entered the of Representatives :-
THE REPLY.
AL
At Capolen there are seven or eight rows of barracks and two companies of infantry; one company of Artillery and one company of
Yugakchen, there are three barracks and over blacksmith shop there for the railway. 350 Infantrymen. No trains arrived at Tachi. kizo on the 2th and rest ult, from Harbin, and it is believed that the line has bea din It is firmly believed at aged by the bandus. Newchwang that the mounted-bandits are busy desirying the railway and telegraph line-at At a certain village to the various places. southeast of Lisayang the bandits have posted placards warning the villages against selling bullocks to the Russians, and threatening to destroy the whole village in case of disobe
The Russians in return ordered the dience. villagers to deliver the offenders or to have At Inkan and The fireships were the whole village burnt down. armed with machine guns which were used other places all Japanese are strictly searched The by the Russians. Rewards of Y2,000 are off red against the Rustis torpedo boats. crews of the fireships escaped in boats. for the capture of any spy who is a Military man and Y1,000 for other spies. The Chin- ese between inkao and Kinchow hate the Russians.
harbour.
INFERNAL MACHINES AND GUNS
"With awe and humility, Your Imperial Majesty's humble servants in the House of
Infernal machines were found on board he Representatives beg to express their gratifireships. The connecting wires were cut by tude to Your Majesty for Your Majesty's the officers who boarded a sunken steamer an condescension in opening the Diet in person extinguished the fire and favouring them with a gracious Address. The prescrvation of peace in the Far East is the constant aim of Japan. Russia, on the other hand, had no sincere respect for the peace and set at defiance her pledges to China and her repeated declarations to war is very marked. The news agency des-
GERMANY AND THE WAR.
OBSERVATIONS OF A CHINESE AT PORT ARTHUR,
a
A
Then you cannot do better than apply for the moderate terms quoted by
THE SEA VIEW BEACH HOUSE, SHIOVA, JAPAN,
6th April, 1994.
friend in the Dowager-Empress of Russia."
At the same time the Dowager-Empress is not entirely a peaceable influence at Court. The powerful influence of the Dowager. Empress has created two parties in the Rus sian Court. It is an erclesiastical necessity imposed on the ladies of the Russian Royal Kobe, on the Beach of the Inland Sea. Family that they shall all of them be named after a Russian saint. The Dowager-Empress's name was Dagmar, and as there is no saint of that name she was accordingly given the title of Marie. The name of the present Empress was Alix, and as there is no saint Alix, she, When there too, received the name of Marie. are 'wo Maries in a fimily, each with great perial, two parties are certain to be formed, influence, none the less if that family be Im and will ringe themselves according to their interests and predilections. There is a mother- in-law tragedy at the Russian Court."
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Cargo impeding discharge and undelivered by SATURDAY, the 9th instant, at to A.M., will be landed and stored at Consignees' risk and expense.
The Czar is not a sportsman-in the words of an old keeper at Lowther Castle, he does not know enough to hold a gun straight and his personal reputation still suffers in Russia from the story of his alleged pusillanimity on the occasion of the attempt on his life in japan. A letter from his companios, the Prince al Greece; spreads the story. "From Athens the report was widely circulated throughout Europe. The leiter described the episode of the attempted assassination, and the Crown Prince of Greece, after dwelling on the scene wherein the Japanese madnian struck at his cousin, the Czarevich used words which have BUSTON TOWBOAT COMPANY, become historical in Russia, 'Then Nickie
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The silence of the German press toward the
the other Powers. Under the circumstances, patches from abroad are printed with occasional we are profoundly gratified at Your Majesty's explanation of their meaning to military and
T-e Cheloo correspondent of the Asthi declaring war against Russia. Our expedi naval students, but that is all. The usually tionary forces are winning victory after opinionated editor has nothing to say on the sends to the Osaka journal the narrative of victory and are conducting operations with Japanese-Corean treaty, concerning Russia's Chinese, who left Cheloo by a junk, and landed protest against this alleged infringement of at a village near l'ort Arthur on the 10th ult,
There is no doubt that the dread of loyalty and bravery. For all this we are Corea's neutralux whether the Kiel Canal may It may be interesting to give a summary of this, sincerely grateful to Your Majesty. It shall be used by belligerents, or on Foreign Sebut of course the statements made need to be Nihilism and the shadow of the tragic on the naturally timid chaincter of the Czar be our humble efforts, in conformity with creuary Von Richt' ofen's statements to the accepted with all reserve, From the villagers fates of the Romanos have had a great effect Only in May last an explosive was found in a Your Majesty's orders and wishes, to dis Budget Commission respecting the continued the Chinese learned that in the attack on Port
"The extraordi ary feature about charge our legislative duties."-agasaki | occupation of Chi-Li province by the troops of Arthur on the 24th ultimo, three Russian des clock in the breakfast room of one of the Czar's
the Powers. The government has given the troyers left the harbour, and when cruising palaces press to understand that neutrality in utterance about were intercepted by a flotilla of Japanese Nihdism in Russia is the extent to which the intellectual protectariat to bring the pre- and reserve as complete as the government's destroyers, backed by four cruisers, Hot firing upper clases sympathise with the efforts of the casued, One of the destroyers managed to
sent system to an end. The Cz r never own, is a patriotic duty at this time.
The Foreign (ffice has the conviction that escape and teach Port Arthur, one was sunk knows who are his friend and who his the German press has large powers of do between Fort Arthur and Yangtow Bay; and enemies. An abiding sense of distrust is hence the passionate affection that His Majesty feels for his wife, ing mischief in supplying material for the other, which managed to wach Yangtow the result, and natured foreign commentatore, and the govern Bay, caught fire and was run ashore there. whose faithful counsel and patient sympathy ment desires to be perfectly free to act should Two man on this destroyer were killed; be are the bright pots in one of the saddest lives action be desirable at a later period in the remainder,. thirty-eight men, fled to Port in Europe."
Press
IMPERIAL MARITIME CUSTOMS.
We understand that the Inspector General of the Imperial Maritime Customs has given instructions to all Commissioners of Customs' ices at all ports to the effect that, as a sato:of-war now exists between Russia and supplies for either party must neither
No Fire lasurance will be effected.
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NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.
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