'THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, WEDNESDAY MAY 6, 1903.
THE SOLUTION OF THE SİLVER | America, France, and Germany; these countries
QUESTION.
would be jointly liable for the bank, and provide a common capita! (pro rata of 18., m. 1, 'Since the rejection of the American-French1 St per head of population), 10 per cent. of currency proposals by the Governments of which would be payable at the time of incor- England and India the currency question liasporation, with the understanding that each been banished from the realm of practical partner bears unlimited liability.
The' bank, at first, would be established for period of five years only, and the method arranged for its liquidation would show that the financial liability of the countries interested is rather insignificant when compared to the advantages to be gained,
The bank and all its branches would be
fore, in case of war enjoy neutrality everywhere. The manngement of the bank would be vested in the hands of a Board of Directors sitting either at Brussels or The Hague, and each contracting Power would be entitled to nominate one member of the Board. Branches
of the institute would be established in all the countries participating in the scheme.
politics. The extraordinary growth of the pro-a duction of gold and its continuance has re- legated to the background the chief reasons for international bimetallism. The scarcity of gold and dear money were obviated, and the d'fferences of exchange, that so severely han. dicapped the world's commerce, were restrict-regarded as international institutes, and, there ed because, owing to the large increase in the stacks of gold, the poorer countries, "were en- abled to restore and maintain the standard of value. Fixed gold rates were secured to Austria, Russia, India, and. Japan; and Italy, Spain, Argentina, and Brazil did woʻlonger ex- perience those advances of the premium, on gold which were formerly becasioned by the scarcity of gold in the chief European markets. The International Silver Bank would buy Without the increase in the production of silver to an unlimited extent and at a uniform gold even the City of London would not have price against the issue of silver-bonds, deduct been able to permanently impede the adventing à per cent, on the amount, for the purpose of bimetallism. For the present, however, a of defraying working expenses. considerable decline in the production of gold cannot be anticipated within any reasonable time, and we should, therefore, be under a delusion if we believed that the reinstatement of silver as a universal currency by the princis -pal commercial Powers were feasible. What would happen in the event of a large shrinkage in the production we must leave to the future to decide.
1
Of the first of October of every year the Board of Directors would decide upon the price of silver for the ensuing financial year (Jan. I to Dec. 31); no alterations in the price would be made within the said period, and during the time the contract remains in force the purchasing price should not be permitted to go below that of the first year.
The silver-bonds would be in the currency of the countries in which they were issued namely, £1, m.20, fr.25, $5, or one-half of these amounts, and would indicate at the same time the weight of the silver deposited against
The bearer of a silver-bond would be entitled to demand at any branch office of the bank the amount shown on such bond in the form of silver-ingots, and the bank would have the right, but not the obligation, to redeem them in money.
Of minor importance in respect to the cur- rency question is the question of silver itself, de, the depreciation in the value of the white metal and its fluctuations in price. Disturbing as the influences of these move-them. ments are in the world's commerce, the demand for an alteration in a country's currency could hardly be successfully based upon them now-a- days. Nevertheless, the movement set on foot by China and Mexico and taken up by the United States of America cannot be regarded from the outset as unpromising. The question of silver is perhaps all the more easy to solve, if it be entirely separated from the currency. question, and be considered merely as a com- mercial question, and quite outside the range of the monetray relations of the nations.
It is now thirty years since the depreciation of silver set in. The literature on this subject fills a library and is peculiarly fitted to show how the simplest of things can be confused by wrong and erroneous descriptions. After the unanimous verdict of the great English Gold and Silver Commission no reasonable doubt should exist that the change of the European currency legislation is alone responsible for the
liquidation a corresponding amount of silver bullion,
This amount of bullion would be a limited
Intimations.
THE
ROBINSON
PIANO
one, and, would comprise only that portion of the total output which had not been employed industrially, and, within a few years, could be ased for the regular coinage of token currency in most countries, more especially in England, Indis, France, Germany, and the United States, the mintage of which would amply suffice to cover all financial losses. At first it would not be so important to raise the price of silver as it would be to render'it stable. Dur ing the preliminary negotiations speculators would, of course, seize the opportunity and quickly raise the price. The Silver Bank could, however, cautiously begin by purchasing at a low price, the principal object aimed at being to re-establish confidence in the stability BARGAINS of the value of silver. After that the price could be gradually advanced, and the return to
normal conditions would naturally follow and the recoinage of silver also progress.
Even the most orthodox adherent of the gald standard could not deny that the solution of the silver question would be a great economic achievement of universal importance; neither could he contand that an international silver bank, as proposed herein, would in any way interfere with the standard of value of gold. If China, Mexico, and India, with their enor mous populations, join in the establishment of the bank, the help afforded by the guarantee of the other Powers would be moral rather than actual, and, consequently, it would not appear to be necessary to impose upon silver-producing countries any special terms; should this, however, be deemed necessary, I would suggest that the amount of silver pro duced in these countries as well as the popu- lation could be taken into consideration in fixing the ratio for the distribution.
Assuming the populations of the countries in' question to number 1,000 millions (India and China included), and that 15,000,000 kilogram- mes of silver be deposited within five years-- an amount most unlikely to be attained---Ger- many's shares, for instance, would be well un No one would be obliged to accept silver der 1,000,000 kilos. (valued to-day at about m. bonds as legal tender. The Government 65,000,000 £3 250,000), a quantity which could Revenue offices of the contracting States would, | easily he coined within two years. (England's however, accept as payment all silver-bonds | share about two-thirds million kilos, valued at issued in the currency of their own countries. £2,150,000.) The Governments would, of course, be entitled to hand over to the local branches of the Silver Bank all bands so received, for redemption in legal currency.
The Board of Directors would provide the funds requisite for these operations and would invoke the liability of the contracting States should the necessity arise. The contract would be entered into for five years, and the right of revocation held by each State would'
It is to be hoped that the Silver question will now be considered everywhere as merely a question of finance, and that its solution will be attempted by financiers; and with this ob- ject in view I venture to submit for consider ation this proposal" of an International Silver Bank. So long as the currency question itself | remained unsolved, no one, either here or elsa- where, was willing to entertain such a pro- pgsal; but the moment has, perhaps, now come
when all theory, must give way to practice. 1 do not, at any rate, fear that practical financiers will deem this suggestion unworkable, for its practicability has been repeatedly confirmed to me by many renowned nuthorities-Dr Otte Arcudi, member of the German Reichstag in the 4. & C. Express,
+
Auction.
PUBLIC AUCTION.
on
at CHEFOO,
FRIDAY, the 15th day of May,
. at NOON,
depreciation of silver. This has been amply have to be exercised by giving one and a-half confirmed, as the following circumstances which years notice, otherwise the contract would re: have been advanced as reasons for the deprecia- main in force for another period of five years. tion of silver-namely, the increase of produc- In case of one of the contracting parties tion coupled with lower working costs, have desiring to withdraw, a conference would be "obtained far more with gold than with silver, summoned to decide whether the bank should without, however, depreciating the value of the continue without the retiring State or whether it former. Although at times the demand for should be wound up. In the event of the latter silver for the East rast enormously, it did not
course being adopted, silver would, still be enhance the price of that metal to any appre-bought for another year at the price prevailing ciable extent, but, on the other hand, any in the year the liquidation was announced. demonetisation of silver coinage caused a During the year following the closing of the bank heavy decline in the price. At the present day all the contracting Powers would redeem in the AN AUCTION will be held silver only stands at one-third of its former currency of their several countries all silver value, or at exactly one-half the price that was bonds so issued, to be eventually handed to the formerly assumed would put a stop to its pro-Silver Bank for conversion into cash. duction, One should not, however, be under any misapprehension, for even to-day's price of the metal is not low, but, on the contrary, very high, with the possibility in view of silver losing entirely its monetary qualification. Silver is still the standard of China and Mexico, but should it also lose its monetary character there would be absolutely no limit to the downward movement in its value. In order to employ the whole output of silver industrially in competition with aluminium and tin, it would first have to be valued by the ton instead
Finally, there would be a reconciliatlon be- tween the Silver Bank and the contracting States, based upon the principle of distributing the capital and any surpluses there might be among the parties pro rata to their populations, or, in the event of a liability having to be faced, it would, of course, be liquidated on the same plan; the remaining stocks of silver would also be distributed in like manner,
零
It would be better that the price to be paid for silver during the first year should be fixed by special agreement; but it seems
of the S.S. VICTORIA," as she lies on BAMBOO ISLAND, GULF OF PECKILI. For particulars, apply to
CURTIS BROS.,
Chefoo, 4th May, 1903.
Insurance.
Chefoo.
[5500
NORTH GERMAN FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY OF HAMBURG,
THE Undersigned AGENTS of the above Company are prepared to accent First
CURRENT RATES,
Co., LTD:
IN PIANOS
RETURNED FROM HIRE
AND THE PROPERTY OF
GENTLEMEN
LEAVING THE COLONY.
Mails.
NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA
(THE JAPAN MAIL STEAMSHIP COMPANY.)
PROJECTED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG.—SUBJECT TO ALTERATION,
STEAMERS. KAWACHI MARU .....
J. S. Thompson.
KINSHIU. MARU
,F, L. Pyne BOMBAY MARU,"
T. Murai.......
WAKASA MANU...............
J. B. McMillan KAGOSHIMA MARU.
K. Kori
IYO MARU*
C. H. Butler
KUMANO MARU”
E. W. Haswell
DESTINATIONS.
SAILING DATES.
May, at Daylight. BOMBAY, VIA SINGAPORE and】 TUESDAY, 12th May, at
COLOMBO
KOBE and YOKOHAMA ... Į FRIDAY, 8th
MOJI, KOBE and YOKOHAMA MARSEILLES, LONDON & ANT-
WERP, VIA SINGAPORE, PENANG, COLOMBO and PORT SAID ... BOMBAY, VIA SINGAPORE and
COLOMBO VICTORIA, B.C. and SEATTLE, *U.S.A, VIẢ SHAnghai, Moji, KoDE
and УОКОНАМА ......
NAGASAKI, KOBE and YOKO-
HAMA
KOBE and YOKOHAMA.......
Noon!
FRIDAY, 15th May, at
Noon.
SAturday, 16th May, at
Daylight.
TUESDAY, 19th May, at
Noon,
TUESDAY, 19th May, at
4 P.M.
WEDNESDAY, 20th May, at
Noon.
FRIDAY, 22nd May, at
Daylight.
• Through Passenger Tickets issued for the Principal Cities in the United States, Canada and Europe, in connection with the GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY and Atlantic-Steamers, Round-the-World Tickets also issued. Between Moji and Kobe, 1st and zad' Class Through Passengers have the Option of Travelling by the Sanyo Railway.
BINGO MARU.........
WERNER
BORD... SCHIEDMEYER
NEEDHAM
F. Fraser.....
.$450
285
250
380
DORNER
375
350
300
Hongkong, 27th April, 1903.-
... 225
400
R. P. CO., LTD.
R. P. CO., LTD. CHAPPELL
RONISCH བ ོ༥༽
H. & MULLER (SEMI-GRAND) 350 RACHALS
and
SEVERAL OTHERS
700
all made for the Climate with full Iran Frames and in Good Order..
CASH OR MONTHLY
PAYMENTS.
Hongkong, 1st May, 1903,
·[4150
CHS. J. GAUPP & CO. CHOKERS, JEWELLERS, SILVER
HRONOMETER, WATCH, and CLOCK
SMITH'S, and OPTICIANS, CHARTS and BOOKS. NAUTICAL INSTRUMENTS.
Sole Agents fus Louis Audemars' Watches awarded the highest Prizes at every Exhibition;
and för Vaigtidnder and Sohne CELEBRATEĎ OPERA GLASSES, MARINE GLASSES and SPYGLASSES, Plas 14.3 & Queen's Read Central [19
MEE CHEUNG,
PHOTOGRAPHER,
TOP FLOOR OF ICE HOUSE, IN
Ics-House Road.
15 now in a in klipet, as beretofore, now in a position, in bis New and Com-
ALL PHOTOGRAPHIC ART PRACTICED the Colony or in any part of the Far East. GROUPS AND VIEWS a speciality. Brokery, 72nd September, 1898,
For further Information as to Freight, Passage, Sailings, &c., apply at the Company's Local Branch Office in Prince's Building, is: Floor, Chater Road.
ORIENTAL
STEAM
COMP
THE PENINSULAR AND ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY.
STEAM FOR STRAITS, CEYLON, AUSTRALIA, INDIA, ADEN, EGYPT, MEDITERRANEAN PORTS, PLYMOUTH AND LONDON.
(Through Bills of Lading issued for BATAVIA PERSIAN GULF, CONTINENTAL, AMERI- CAN und SOUTH AFRICAN PORTS.)
Steamship
TH
"COROMANDEL," Captain F. J. Fox, carrying a Majesty'
Mails, will be despatched from this for BOMBAY
on SATURDAY, the 9th May, at Noor, taking. Passengers and Cargo for the above
'Ports.
Silk and Valuables, all Cargo for Francy and Tea for London (under arrangemeut) wi be transhipped Colombo inta atentier proceeding direct to Marseilles and Luning other Cargo for London, fic,, will be convey. vid Bombay with Transhipment.
Parcela will be received at this Office neti' Value of all Packages are required. PM. the day before sailing. The Contents an.
Bills of Lading.
Shippers are particularly requested to wat the terms and conditions of the Camp.y:
For further Particuluri, apply to
E. A. HEWETT,
Superinten tent Hangbang, 25th April, 13- NORTHERN PACIFIC STEAMSHIP COMPANY.
14
A. 8. MIHARA,
Manager.
CHINA COMMERCIAL STEAMSHIP
COMPANY, LIMITED.
司公限有船輪華中
FOR MOI, KOBE, MANZANILLO,
MEXICO & SAN FRANCISCO.
HE Steamship
THE
"LOTHIAN."-
Captain Williamson, will be despatched for the above Ports on THURSDAY, the 21st May, at Noon.
For Freight or Passage, apply at the Com- pany's Office, 35, Queen's Road Central, and Floor,
J. S. VAN BUREN, Superintendent, Hongkong, 30th April, 1903.
[4360
To be Let.
NO PEAK
TO LET.
[0,_3, STEWART TERRACE, THE
Apply to
THE HONGKONG LAND INVEST. MENT & AGENCY CO., LD. Hongkong, 8th April, 1903
[442€
GODOWNS TO LET.
PRAYA EAST, Spacious, Two-storied and Single-storied Godowns. Suitable for Yarn or Coals. Also Land for Coal Storage.
Apply to
THE MONGKONG LAND INVEST- MENT & AGENCY CO. LD. Hongkong, 30th March, 1903
€3970
TO LET.
BOSTON STEAMSHIP COMPANY. Tand 6, PRAYA EAST. [BOSTON TOW-BOAT COMPANY.
"WO SPACIOUS GODOWNS-Nos 95
THE HONGKONG STUDIO.
PHOTOGRAPHER, CRAYON PORTRAIT PAINTER, ETC.
of in kilogrammes as at present. The produc practicable that the Board of Directors should ass FOREIGN and CHINESE RISKS at PHOTOGRAPHY in all its Branches.
tion of silver would not cease should the price fall to rod, or even 5d. per oz., as a large amount is always recovered in the production of other metals.
It need hardly be mentioned what enormous losses all countries the world would incur through the further depreciation of silver. There would be not only the contraction in valus of newly-produced silver, but, also, the risk to the silver currency through Illicit coin- age, the menace to the gold currency in critical times. by the influx of depreciated silver coins into the State coffers and banks, and the depreciation of the milliarde of silver held by the people in the form of plate, jewellery, &c., and these reasons impose upon all Governments alike the duty of preventing as effectually as possible this depreciation. In the face of all this the question of the Chinese war indemnity appears to be rather insignificant though possessing political importance in so far as the Powers are greatly concerned in avoiding all possible entanglements, and in rendering the Chinese Empire more amenable to European ideas of civilisation.
be allowed in the following years to determine it, on condition that should the deposits have increased by more than 2,000,000 kilos, from July 1 of one year until the same date in the following year, the price should remain stationary; but if, on the other hand, the deposits should have decreased, then the price should be raised accordingly.
SIEMSSEN & C».
Hongkong, 8th May, 1990,
Entimations,
FURNITURE WAREHOUSE.
李廣
CABINET-MAKER AND ART DECORATOR, from Shanghai, has opened a FURNITURE STORE
*#3
No. 17, QUEEN'S ROAD..
[15
In case of an advance having taken place in LI KWONG LOONG the purchasing price, the Silver Bank would continue to redeem its bonds at their money value. The profit thas made would form the nucleus of a reserve fund. Should the revenue of the bank exceed the expenditure the balance thus created would be used for the further strengthening of the reserve; should, however, the contrary happen, this reserve would first be utilised to meet the deficit, and in case of this proving insufficient, the balance would have to be defrayed by the contracting Powers pro rata to their populations. Further details of the scheme need not be considered here.
The only Shop in Hongkong with this name..
THERE HIGH-CLASS FURNITURE
Groups Interiors & Speciality. Large Selection of Views.
TOP STORIES, 41 and 43, QUEEN'S ROAD, CENTRAL, Hongkong. Hongkong, zoth December, 1901.
LEE LOONG.
f1399d
DEALER IN Furniture, Blackwood, Plated Glass, Crookery Ware, Brass and Iron Bedsteads and Battan Sofas for whole set.
JUST ARRIVED. Nos, z&3, D'Aguilar Street, Behind Hongkong Dispensary. Hongkong, 1st May, roos,
PROPOSED SAILINGS FROM HONGKONG, VIA
SHANGHAI, INLAND SEA OF JAPAN, KOBE AND YOKOHAMA, FOR VICTORIA, B.C., AND TAČOMA, IN CONNECTION WITH NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY.
Steamers. Tons. Captains. 1993.
Victoria Shawmut*,
3102 J. Panton..... May #3 ... g606 W. M. Smith... May 30
Steamers marked (*) have no passenger accommodation,
The attention of passengers is directed to the very cheap rutes offered by this line to the Facific Coast and to the Interior and Eastern Cities of the United States and to Europe.
Special rates allowed to members of Govern- ment Services.
Through Bill of Lading issued to Pacific Coast Points and to the Principal Cities in the [496dUnited States and Canada.
Wer every description can be made to THE NEW FRENCH REMEDY order in any design required.
Has been patronised by the Hongkong Club, Hongkong Hotel, Messrs. A. S. Watson & Co., Ld, Joint Telegraphs Cos, and other leading Establishments in the Colony, to whom refer: ence may be made as to the Superior Work manship and Materials of the Furniture, &c, supplied.
TRADE THERAPION MARK
This encenssful and highly popular remedy, used is the Continental Hospitals by Ricord, Rostan, Jobert, Velpeta and others, combines all the dedicata to be sought in a medicine of the kind, and sorpamos wywcything kiiberto employed.
The silver-bonds would be an international medium of exchange, and, consequently, would check to some extent the demand for gold. The fixed ratio would give them a stable value and the Joint guarantee of the Fowers an abso-We have pleasure in stating that Mr. LI
Messrs. A. S. Watson & Co. write as follows: THERAPION N.1S KWONG LOONG furnished the Annexe to
It is not necessary to put silver on the same level as gold, but it should be enabled to retain, as the gold-coinage does, its metallute one, so that no paper in the world, not value by means of an unlimited demand at a even Bank of England notes, would compare uniform price.
with them.-
This was formerly achieved through the These bonds, however, should not be con- agoncy of bimetallism, and now, when mone-sidered as money, but merely as receipts for tary legislation is practically out of the question, deposits' of silver, bearing a fixed rate of It could only be accomplished, by the most exchange. The banks and revenue offices in modern of powers-namely, a bank. I have bad accepting such bonds would simply serve as occasion to lay proposals with regard to inter- places of exchange, and therefore, they would pational silver certificates before the Indian not incur any risks, owing to the obligation of Silver Commission of 1894, and, having taken the Silver Bank to re leem them. The possi- into consideration all the conditions, sub- | bility of slivér bullion being unjustly conveyed
our Dispensary and gave us every satisfac- tion."
(Sd) A. S. WATSON & Co., Ld. ORDERS punctually attended to, and CHARGES most moderate.
+
AN INSPECTION INVITED, Hongkong, 20th December, 1992
(14000
WAL YUNG.
PHOTOGRAPHER,
No. 1, D'AGUILAR STREET, HONGKONG,
STYLES, ENLARGEMENTS.
short time, often a law days only, removed all olachazywolnej thegrinarjorganı,odactually supervading injections, she und of which does irreparable harm by laying the foundation a Virictaru und other serious disesten. In dysentery, pllas, bestation of the lower bowel, cough, branch asth some of the more trying complalazs of th fvand astonishingly elicacious, shording prompt milet Where other wail-tried remedies have been powerlam...
THERAPION N1255
the blood, sury, pimples, spots, blotches, palatyalid owula Hogs of the Jolata, tacondary symptoms, gauty zhaematian, sed all diemsos for which it has been too rich a fabiod to couploy mercury, mursaparilla, ko,, to the destruction of auferees" Louth and ruin of health. This pospataljon purifies the whole system throng's the blood, and thoroughly
liminates every poisonous matter from the body.
fee DACTORS
THERAPION NO.3.
gihaustion, implrod, vitašky, aloepinnaman; and all the distressing case sancos of early eror, second, residence in bos, unhmuthy climates, kop: Esporessor purpadalng power In costoring strength and vigor to the debilitated-
is old by the prin=-
sequently changed, I have reconstructed these from one country to another would naturally HIGH CLASS PORTRAITURE IN ALL THERAPION proposals, so that the object could be gained without friction with existing standards and values through the establishment of an Inter- national Silver Bank
be prevented by the manner the bank would employ in adjusting the profit or loss pro rats to the population of each country. The only risk incurred by the contracting Stater would
For the purpose of creating such an Institute be the loss of the paid-up capital any other the principal States would combine, more par- contribution that might be necessary to most à dicularly England (India), the United States of | further defcit, receiving in dxchange at the
VIEWS ALWAYS ON HAND
Morchants Latoughout the world, -, Prics in England Bẫy t #6: Tu, ordering, state which of the thrun aumbera de las guired, and obsero sbava: Trade Mark, which g almifo of word “ Turnikan?? An it appeart or the Government Stamp in-white letten on a red ground) ašized so every packago by order of His Majesty's Home Commiantonare, and wishứng which is in a forywy', Bold by A. WATSON & Co., Hongkong, 19th December, 1902, 【rsop | Hengkong, China and Marili,
TERMS MODERATE.
For further Information as to. Freight or Passage, apply to
DODWELL, & CO., LIMITED,
General Agents Hongkong, 6th May, 1903,
Hotel.
18744
KING EDWARD. HOTEL.
A HIGH CLASS PRIVATE HOTEL
LADIES' AFTERNOON TEA ROOMS.
·FRIVATE-BAR
AND
BILLIARD ROOMS.
Hot and Cold Water throughout. Electrically Lighted,
Electric Passenger Elevator to each Floor.. Table 133 Hote at Separate Tables, For Terms, &c, apply to the
MANAGER.
Hengkong, agrd October, 1901.
Apply to-
H. N.'MODY,
Victoria Buildings, Hongkong, 2nd February, 1903. [1328d
TO LET.
•EVERAL NEWLY BUILT EUROPEAN YOUSES LEIGHTON HILL ROAD. Apply to
THE HONGKONG & KOWLOON LAND & LOAN CO., LD- No. 8, Queen's Road West,
Hongkang, 20th October, ronz Firofd
TO LET.
THE RETREAT-MOUNT KELLETT,
HOUSES in LEIGHTON HILL ROAD. FLATS in MORETON TERRACE, CADER
WAY BAY, facing the Polo Ground, No. 1, RIPON TERRACE. GODOWNS AL Bowrington, Fisya East, Apply to
THE HONGKONG LAND INVEST, MENT & AGENCY CO, LD. Hongkong. 17th January, 1903.
KANANGA
OF JAPAN
{{RENSTKKKD) BIGAUD and C
PARIB
[41.á mást delight-
Kanangd Water hy `fres-Litig
Toilet Water It rap dorycheskin in,zélieres mosquito bites and imparts a ilekule fra- gance and feelinge? comfort and freeze.
New Sensationx in -Perfumery RIGAUD'S KANANGA EXTRACT RIGALD'S WHITE ROSE
RIGAUD'S MELATI EXTRACT
RIGAUD'S IXORA D'AFRIQUE EXTRACT
| RIGAUD'S. LILY of the VALLEY EXTRACT
RIGAUD'S YLANGYLANG EXTRACT RIGAUD'S BANTAM EXTRACT R.GAUD'S JASMINE et Cheadle EXTRACTI
8. BUZ VIVIENNE. UKEANI