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供國家和地區枢酸能服,斯巴達障退束的蛾
金爲 五萬美元,另外東
-上眉奪得二十一面 道主負誊本地交通食宿 港幣四十萬,但蘇聯正。 金超局止,並不多遠,則對與四除可確定了。 雖然斯巴達除裝求來,再加上港辦選手绘 晉次輪,與八文甲組隊角逐,郭最受階段資格 。衹要其中兩谳答允机 在首钴段的公開組及乙丙組中,各有四隊
劃分十八納茲藏之界後之女維護上。 足鷸將於今八十五日)下午王形十分,在,迷也!然感到擴散 至於角球點,則移前至我門牋與另一垂直 以上篓邵將使球賽過程更刺激,速度更快
華僑教育
育日八十月十年巳巴䐶夏
1990 中學會考預習專欄
,明湳出版社
MILL & DALE PRESS
History(7)
3. Lai
The unification of nation-states Europe (3)
Points to consider
វា
1. Germany in 1815 and how Geraian
nationalism took root 意 beginning of the 19th century.
e
2. The Revolution of 1848 25 the watershed 1# the Unification of Germany such as the causes leading i
the fail of the Frank furk
the weaknesses of the | Assembly, German Tiberais in 1848.
to
3. The significance of Zollverein in
the unification of Germany.
4. The significance of Prussia in the
Unification of Germany.
5. The role and the tactics adopted by Bismarck throughout the course of the Unification of Germany.
6. Compare and contrast. German ang
Italian unification.
A. Germany in 1815
1. Before the Napoleonic era, Germany. was shattered into more than three hundred states among which a sense of political unity was lacking.
2. Thanks to Napoleonic conquest, the
German States
reorganized. were This was done so that Napoleon could administer the German States efficiently.
effects: Unlike their past politicel disunity, the Germans experienced 日 certain degree of political unity: and thus to take root. Besides, German nationalism began to take, root when Germans were united
to
war against the
conqueror, Napoleon.
河仁杵的
3. Limitations of German Liberalism;
After 1815, German nationalism and liberalism were active only in the universities, among
few army officers and the smal} commercial middle classes.
4. Why did Austria stop German
unification?
The unification of Germany meant the disintegration of the Austrian Therefore, Metternich, who empire. represented the Austrian interests.. devised his famous system of 'divide and rule' so as to prevent Germany fror unification.
b. Weakness of Bund:
To secure the Austrian interests, the German Confederation (Bund) was
loose organization which dominated by Austria.
6. Also, Mettrernich decreed the Carlsbad Decrees which denounced the patriotic student societies that had appeared at most German universities. afler 1815.
7. However, out of Metternich's intention, the formation of German Confederation paved the way for the rise of German nationalism and the rise of Prussia in the years to
8. Unlike Italy, which remained only a geographical expression in 1815, the German states were mainly ruled by German princes and their obstacle was Austria.
B. The Effects of the Revolution of
1830 on the German States
1. Just like Italy, liberalism had been the motte for te work of unification before 1846.
2. Being stimulated by the Revolution of 1830, local revolts occurred in the German Confederation.
For instance, in Brunswick, Hanover, Sexony and Hessecasse!, the ruling classes were driven out and their successors were forced to grant a more liberal constitution.
3. However, by 1832, Austria was able 0 restore orcer n the German States. From then on, Austria re established repressive measures
throughout all the German States.
報日僑華
4. The
ware
三期星 日五十月一十(九八九一)年八十七國民藥中
too | 4. They
discussed some
political
5. Bismarck
introduced
3
series
of
issues, but at least, they failed to exercise their influence on German Unification.
economic and military reforms so as
the
liberals German idealistic in fulfilling their ideals. They lacked armed force to expe?'their enemy from the German. territory.
Before I examine the effects of the Revolution of 1848 on the German States
would like to offer pupils an understanding of. the economic, ideological and political cutlooks of the.Germans first.
1. Economically speaking, unlike Italy which lacked natural resources in their struggle for independence, the German States Were abundant natura? resources, especially coal and iron ore.
in in
2. The longer railways within the German Confederation enabled German
铅 become 门
the centre of continental system of transport and distribution.
Thus, greater economic
ud prosperity achieved by the German States.
be
3 from an ideological point of view, German nationalism was characterised by national liberalism which favored internal free trade as represented by the Zollverein.
4. Tha Zoliverein removed tariffs among the German States and thus made possible, the rapid expansion of German economy after 1850.
way.
5. To a certain extent, the Zollverein
paved the
for the economic integration of the German States
amity where political
was made possible in the years to come.
C. The impact of the Revolution of 1848
on the German States.
1. The Revolution of 1848 in France stirred up the hopes of the German
'berals.
2. Riots broke out in Berlin and t to make first, the King decided enough concessions to stop revolts.
The Frankfurt Assembly consisted
60 members, rescansented interests
春
different.
D. Causes leading to the fall of the
Frankfurt Assembly.
1. It lacked an executive authority to
carry out the proposals.
2. The Assembly consisted mainly of "German intellectuals and professors whose voice and slogans were empty and void.
3. They were not realistic in the sense that although they wanted Germany to be federal, Tiberal constitutional and united, they overlooked the importance of suitable strategy in their struggle for unification.
4. Just like the Italians, the Germans were deeply divided in the future form of their nation.
German liberals hoped to include Austria in their future: form of
whereas government,
hoped conservatives
Austria from it.
tc
German exclude
-The issue of 'Greater Germany' and 'Lesser Germany was brought to enc when Federick Wilian
门
cerned down the Assembly's offer to be the king of a new Germany.
E. The role of Bismarck in the
Unification of Germany.
1. Bismarck represented the interests of the Prussian ruling class, instead of the German liberals.
2. Thus, Bismarck would not fulfill the German liberals' wish of creating a he 'Greater Germany'. Instead, confined it to Lesser Germany'.
3. Also, learning from the lessons of the Revolution of 1830 and 1848, Bismarck was realistic in the struggle for German unification.
Motto 4. His famous
'Blood and was iron'.
in other words. he identified German unification with
www secret diplomacy, war and realized Ret German unification had to be
Centred (}) one strong state,
Prussia.
to strengthen the power of Prussia:
6. Strategically, railways were built. construction of railways accerlatered. the economic integration of the German States.
7. Economically, heavy industries were
developed.
8. Militarily, the Prussian army was
strengthened and modernized..
9. Just like the Italian unification, German unity was brought about by a sequence of diplomatic manoeuvres and wars.
and
In 1864, Denmark was defeated by Prussia.
Thus,
Holstein Schleswig were ceded by Prussia and Austria.
In 1860, Austria was defeated, but
she was leniently treated. This was done so that Germany would not face
two enemies as two fronts.
in 1870, France was defeated in the and Alsace Franco-Prussian war. Lorraine were ceded to Germany.
had France
ay
Also, indernity.
to
heavy
F. The significance of the Unification
of Germariy. 1. Now Balance
Power
The.
unification of Germany witnessed the cisintegration of the Austrian ampire and the defeat of the most expansionist state, France, on the European continent.
From 1871, onwards, Germany became the centre of the new balance of Dover.
and
2. New age of diplomacy
international tension to isolate France, Bismarck built up a system of alliance.
3. The rise of
Germany continential great power unification,
as
适
After
pace
of
industrialization was
faster
in
Germany. Other European powers were frightened
this by
n= thus indirectly paved the way
for
the
putbreak of the First World War.
(End)
牽涉師資及教學設備等問題
「普通話」科短期内
不會列入會考課程
—以三次普通水平祥武之合格率,除第一 平測試的多為成年人,學生川製少。 中學設有當通話讓我推鵡學生參加測試,若有 | 小會到師資及教學設懂潤題。目前有些 考生的語文寫作能力,且把普通話叫入會考課 會列入會考課程之內,因會考中文科主要著重 | 当試佔全部破分的百分之七十。 |布高級試亦故著重口語表達能力,試卷二 考試局秘書陳泳照表示,短期內普通話不
有些重
考試局明年三月辦普通話高級水平測試 不限報考資格重口語表達能力接受報名 次為鬥爭之六十三,其餘兩次皆在百分之五十
随步下壽的一&市民在求取戰 話及三部份。
[特郚]香港考試局將於明年二月舉著 |万汝爲本份,試試,分開出,
一,旨在考查考生是否具有较件的普通話再言论,七年初被流了晋递廷曲試統將小組,於八八年。(生) ,考試屇高級考試主任林棠寧製示,該局在八一种在一镪模凝试膑片錄音帶發塔,寄摈十八元 十二月三十日止,參加皆可向廣東道政府合署 高魯水平衡拭著名日期由令(十五)已至
美 英聯邦學會作文賽
香港考試將舉行記者會,介紹活 侧夙包括兩試卷,試卷一爲離試,分
用出色 - 张㹴嘉 在這項國際比作中 石記綠崤示,本学生 j是說英語的外籍學生,
本港學生表現出色
「港組)一九八八萬季越女,香港總商務、 邦受會‰港區作文比賽 在香港真族皇家謀邦學 藍時,對實作品的高 至八九年度英國皇家 窗助理些行道事葛立科 李越挝在頒獎禮
昨舉行頒獎禮香港總商會送出獎品
仍然保持着懮良記錄
越涎表示有信心 挺及兩個嘉許獎。 嘉許糖,四烖高度密 得八石獎面,兩個特別 湯的突聯年比代 + 共9 扮作品参加在偷被舉 今夜水卷批二十
舉行,共有二十一
|的頒獎禮怍日一學生。獎,怕示,將學生會在未來歲月
頒獎儀式在網攣型 食事,管推動學生應英聯邦國家的四千名學 參賽作品共一百一十数 優與占獲頒發沓券及 菩港的比賽是配合 他指出,除香港學帶本港的比賽中, 一年一度在倫敦舉行的生外還有其他四十多個共有十八間中學參加上
本年核准四批名單業經公布
無法避免给古人的于传 老您」事物,你亦始終
·某人 不管你如何抗拒「
它來自古時
「賭之爲」兒於參悆與伊室李拾遺,「 如人飲水,冷院」出自六而法賓與經
無的百出不如一見」源於漢書,先 「知子莫父」是子 心所」是莊子問過的, 你擞的「哀莫大於
主內找到 人之衡,平商為人之爭」到可在米科 用武之地一是易乎實心通諡,至於一直
、「半-不及?其實,「風一小
「吼」、「馬」,「中」不相及還是「馬」
「以指齊楚爾國桩陸遠,馬牛上也不會「
心的比呢。
其末而不知其太」。” 蘇軾所說,我們 「知其一不知其二,知 * 說的,對於蒐蠡源於古籍的口頭費,確如 」 的告子之口,但時下不少人却以爲是孔子 「食色,性也」乃出自與孟子同時期
,後世才轉點泛指書籍。 *當然,句中的「書」本來難指「書經」
溜之言言」的意思, 楣司,故被改爲「逃之舌夭」,相當於「
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「中的『桃」字,與「逃」字的國,男子內
來,經祧舌縞「己彩派,均樹 可想過為何我們會說「進之夭夭一個原
『不夭灬形植物莖的機子,你
」
梭
洲
下午二時至五時, 領取報名表日期:十一月十四日、十五日上午九時至十二時, 一九九八年度小一新生申請入學通告
蘇浙小學英文部
同學,請於十一月二十日期,每日上午十一奥貸款部,辦理登記及取教学貌。 核准新构生名單經已分日到出,视並發財 資枚務,親自前來華僑日報總社二盘大 華姝日報讀者大學學生息貸款,共四批 休息),蒸同本人身份證,學生證反 一九八九至九〇學年度「第二十七屆 | 一時至十二時,下午二時半至五時八
辦理登記領歎手續 大專學生免息貸欸
本月二十日起請到華僑日報總社辦理
縫齡
即填表辦妥報名手續。 報名手續:携帶正面半身照片兩張,出生證明書成績單影印本,可隨 入學年齡、五歲半至七歲八一九八三年九月至八五年二月出生者)
樹北
入學考試
·址:香港北角清華街號(堡壘街上邊)
學 院
法律專業文憑及學位函授教育招生通告
合辦
報名日期 出務,文化,經濟,贸易等各項法律問題,為社會诂者: 本函授教育旨在協助學員全面而系統地學習共有特色的中國法,從而可晚讨
一九八几年十一月五日至十二月五十
點 香港北角寶馬山慧翠道樹仁學院 電話:五|七一転010
一九八九年十二月七日至九日(星期四——六) 驻繳交二时正面半身近照二張及輕名費五世元,收錄與否概不骷 山出示學歷証件,在職证明及身份証正本,受管制本,
秋季課程
珠海書院校外進修部
十一月開課
即日開始報名
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院)。 比賽的各優勝者。 |-參加高級水平模擴測試,成積分人滿意,遼:八十六至十八歲):冠:遙啓思、小坡飛機票,包括兩晚 月, 開始辦普通話高級水平測試,邀請南
詩(蔥撒聖瑪利書 錢:冠:李兆婷(八):冠館:會德輝【拔得猳於一千元香卷 千多元薔券了獲得本逃 香港樓閣會送出六 諾抵聖瑪利書院);黃┐丙組《十二至十三 獲獎名單如下:甲 乙組六十四至十五亞軍:黎嘉文(瑪利亞(聖士提反女子中學 聯邦學會選出的來向吉 嘉諾撒聖瑪利書院);萃小學);亞軍:陳飢,獲由香港英國皇家 丁組(十二歲以下 酒店住宿費及二千元军
PRIZE PRESENTATION CEREMONY
RINAL COMMONWEALTH SOCIETY ESSAY IMPETITION.
1968/89
分。他級制試在考試時間上比普通過試陽長,
|憑考試局批准通過。
院妆〕;張翠明(嘉諾 李若戲(嘉諾撒聖瑪
阿會考委員會提交建磅,並於本年十月十一日:冠軍:曾昭珍〔拔萃 皇仁醫院);亞軍:吳六 李台監峽,深務之一季軍:邵愛問(嘉諾撒聖心啓院);嘉許獎:佩龸瑪利亞中學) 聖瑪利書院);嘉許獎洪思緻、嘉諾撒聖心 (嘉[撒聖心凿院; :汪(嘉操 聖瑪利書院):唐思 聖瑪利書院);方仁亲 软評審委員會建議頒贈 女校);亞軍:陳秀慧 翠茵(拔萃女書院);嘉許獎:石竹、嘉諾許獎:黎美儀(嘉諾過用費。該項獎品是由儉
【宀琥萃小學」。
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全被推選與亞洲最佳田 中國除的敎姊陳家
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,以鞏固學業基礎。
中學F1F.3 級:小學P.1-P.6
5-487188
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學分均獲美國、加拿大各大學及專上學 院承認
▲為海外學生特設宿舍,由教育界知名人 士担任合監,負責管理及輔導學生。
▲特設英語進修班,幫助同學在TOEFL
中考取更好成績。
▲歡迎港澳完成F.3或以上之同學申請,F.
5會考合格生可入大学预科班。
(GRADE-12)
▲歡迎內地人仕來估查詢。
THER & SPEED 2W
HAPE IN TARAMA (Shigh pre
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(為利便學生進修,每月均開設新班)
索取章程及萁詢電話:3--76015303-7601527
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電話:5-596789 H416666 電傳:5-596703
(純有点悲惨人仕,不限學歷,均可申滿多,
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▲現正招收一九九○年二月新生。 香港辦事處:
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