育教僑華頁三第張二第
1984
中學會考試題預習專欄
經濟解答建議
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SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO
ECONOMIC AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS
Section A
P
છંદ
Chicken market
The market demand for chickens would decrease because people would fear that they may get cancer by eatting chickens. As shown in the diagram, the demand curve would shift from. DD to
(ii) As a result of the
shift of demand curve from DD to D.D
in the diagram
due to decrease in market demand for chickens, the equilibrium price would fall from Po to P. asanmi
the supply of chickens in
(b) |
constant.
Market
ing
for ducks Since chickens and ducks are substitutes for each other, a decrease in market demand for chickens. would lead to an increase in demand
ducks. The market demand curve for ducks would shift
from DD to D11 Consequently, the market price of ducks would increase from Pe to P., assuming
the supply of ducka is constant.
(c) The rearing of
chickens and ducks
日六初月七年子甲腐夏
belongs to primary production. Mining ⠀ and rice growing also belong to primary
stage of production.
The percentage of
people employed in
primary production in the total working. population has been decreasing during the past 10 years in Hong Kong.
The major reasons for such a trend are: Firstly, the activities of primary production, in particular, farming and mining, have been declining during the past 10 years. Secondly, the growth of ... secondary and
tertiary production has been increasing during this period. Thirdly, the average vage rate of people employed in primary production is relatively lower than that in secondary and
tertiary production.
(a) The firm is a public limited company. The public can share in the ownership of a public limited company by
subscribing the new shares issued by this company through the stock exchange.
(b) Most firms in Hong
Kong are not public limited companies. Instead, they belong to sole proprietor. ship and partnership due to the following reasons. Firstly, it is easier to start a business of sole proprietorship ór Ethereal than úblic lizited.
ompany, because the capital required for the former is usually smaller and its organization is simpler. Secondly, sole proprietorship or a partnership is usually smaller in size. Therefore, it can adapt to changing economic conditions in Hong Kong better than a public limited company which is bigger in size.
Asite in Tsuen Wan would be chosen to
set up a textile
factory for the
following reasons
Firstly, the
cost in
WAH KIU YAT PO,
cheaper than that in
Central. Secondly,
Tsuen Wan is closer
to the supply of
labour force as it is surrounded by large population living in various housing estates. Thirdly, Tsuen Wan is situated near Kwai Chung container terminal where transportation of raw materials and products of textiles can be conducted more. efficiently and cheaply. Forthly, Tsuen Wan has many textiles factories and supporting
industries there which can facilitate textile production as a result of the localization of textiles there.
Balance of trade ». (Domestic exporta + Re-exports) Importa Therefore, Re-experts - Balance of trade
Domestic exports + Importa Hence, Re-exports in 1982 -(-15,508-83,032+
142,893) #million. -44,353 (8million) (ii) Hong Kong's re-
(b)
exports from 1979 to 1982 had been increasing steadily. China's modernization needs to import modern machinerý equipment, and raw materials from western countries, As Hong Kong is a harbour with good. communication and management at the south of China, Hong "Kong has become an important place in shipping western ~ products first to Its place and then re-exporting them to
cts have
cha Ch
use of Hong Kong's re- porting facilities. Defore
y are shipped to erseas markets. (c) Shipping, insurance
and banking
industries are the three Hong Kongr tertiary industries which benefit directly from the re- export trade. The imposition of more tariffs, would make Hong Kong's export prices in overseas markets higher since
porting firm have
to cover the increase
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in tariffs on their products. Hence, Hong
Kong's exports would become less
competitive in over-
seas markets, The imposition of more quotas on Hong Kong's exports would. restrict the volume of exports of certain Hong Kong industries to a fixed level. This would constrain the growth of Hong Kong exporting industries.
(ii) In order to overcome
the problems arising from the imposition of tariffs and quotas, Hong Kong's industrialists can adopt the following measures: Firstly, they can develop new export markets to sell their products, where quotas and tariffs are absent. Secondly, they can increase the production of high- quality and high- value exports which can attract foreign customers. Thirdly, they can develop new lines of exporta which are not under the imposition of quotas and tariffs by export markets. Section B
The tribunals responsible for Cases I, II, III are respectively the
Lands Tribunal Small Claims Tribunals and Labour Tribunal. The Lands Tribunal deals with matters arising from disputes between landlords and tenants, and also the resumption of land by the government for public purposes. The Small Claims Tribunal deals with monetary claima
involving amoun
desding $5,000.
nat
bour Tribunal deals with individual Honey claims arising from contracts of
employment,
(ii) Although the High
20
Court has the power
to handle such
ases the purpose of setting up these tribunals is to speed up time and efficiency in handling minor disputes.
A person retained by the police has the right to be brought to court within 48
hours. The provision
of this right is to
protect, a
offender
prosecu
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日二月八年四八九一股公年三十七國民華中
and also from being retained for long period of time.
(ii) The man also had
the right to request for legal aid, providing free legal representation to him when defending in magistrate's court. Also, he had the right to ask for. exemption from being retained by the police before the trial. Furthermore, he had the right to seek for legal advice from his. lawyer before the trial,
(iii) If the man was not
satisfied with the magistrate's decision, he could make appeal and the case would be transferred to District Court for trial again.
There was an increasing trend of reported occupational accidents from 1978 to 1982.
(ii) The major causes of
occupational
accidents are as follows: Firstly, there is a lack of adequate training of industrial safety provided to workers; Secondly, there is a lack of adequate industrial safety facilities built in the machinery and equipment used in. production; Thirdly, there is a lack of proper study of the work process of production with respect to industrial safety
A: Labour
B: Legislative C: Committee
(ii) The purpose of
having Step I is to let the proposed bill go ɲublic, in order to invite public opinion and criticismA.
The purpose of
graving Step II is to
allow a thorongh debate by official and unofficial. members of
Legislative Council
in the council
méetingas Unofficial
members, being repres
tatives of
the society, can
voice their opinion.
(iii) The head of the
Labour Department
is the Commissioner for Labour. He is mainly responsible for labour relations, occupational health, youth employment advisory service, factory inspection, staff training and development, and employment services in Hong Kong.
Air pollution could bring hazardous effects on the health conditions of residents of the district.
(ii) The government's
Labour Department has a division responsible for air pollution control in factory areas. Also, the Environmental
Protection Agency is responsible to co- ordinate the formulation and implementation of government's policies in the prevention of air pollution.
(b) The District Board
could collect the opinion of residents of the district on the effects of the smokes. Also, the Board could study the possible solution to the problem and make recommendations to the government departments concerned.
The government
introduced the District Admi tion Scheme In
provide a ba and representativ mechanism for publíc consultation and participation at the district level. It is hoped that government policies at district level can vell satisfy needs of the residenta and be well co-ordinated.
(d) District Boards are set up to deal with matters and govern- ment policies affecting residents. of the district concerned.
Legislative Council is to consider
legislative affectii
people of Hong Kong in general.
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