報日僑華
真四第張四第二日一十月二年寅甲曆夏
WAH KIU YATI PO
<B>加入大量的鹽酸,可使橙色的变漆
(0) I NHAC TRiziks
1874 中學會考試題預習專欄
堅道書院主編
(个)容量定作
化學科(申)
林景源
測驗
甲部
NEO,
以上皆非
「可根據公式
51.弥之18石濃硫酸H50%全於濃度.
(2) 下列&應式中,阿伯為氧化還原文應
若干性
@G 2011 → a co +Ho
DAAI LI
(3)之氧化硫能特橙色之酸性重鉻酸鉀路。
「你变為綠色,因為重铬酸甲足
A.還原為硫酸鉻 B.氧化為酸络
2.透藍為塔酸鉀0载化為铬酸钾 无氧化為硫酸钾
(碳酸氫鈉
A.2.1
6.2.41
AL下性能性
160%
一期星
ith a isss rod to fine ir t wdle formeryetals, when cools. "bien crystals form in the test the hot/solution is allowed to 2001 until blue crystals of Cuso, 5,0 are formed. The crystals ard then filtered off, washed two or three times with a small quantity of cold distilled water and placed
narsus blate or between filter-papers to dry..
日四月三年四七九一曆公年三十六國民華中
dioxide, normally a reducing agent... has acted in this case as an oxide, ising agent, oxidising the strong reducing agent hydrogen aulphide to water and sulphur.
SO+
28
3:5
The reaction will not take place. unless moisture is present to catalyse it.
As an acid:
育教僑華
a, it turne litmus red;
reacts with metals to liberate hydrogen:
MG:+ H2304
Meso +22
Liberates. carbon dioxide. from carbonate:
With bases forms salt.and water.
d. The statement isul phur dioxide
contains its own:volume df oxygen" expresses the face that if sulphur in burned in oxygen ; the volume of sulphur dioxide produced is equal to the volume of oxygen used in forming it, provided that both vol- unes are megured at the same temp- erature and pressure. This can be shown experimentally by, using the apcaratus, shown in the diagram.
Reaction with lead dioxide: Sulphur dioxide combines with incandescence with hot lead dioxide Lead dioxide, a very strong oxidis- ing agent, oxidises sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide, whilst it is itself, reduced to lead monoxide. : The acidic sulphur trtoxide, combie (Immediately with. the basic, lead
monoxide to form white lead sulphate
Pbo,+
P50+
2. Conc. Sulphuric acid as an
ing agent:
Cond, hot sulphuric acid oxidise substances while it is itself. ̇reduced:
Cu50 +2H2O+$0g
Conc. sulphuric aci hydrating agent::
as a de-
12c.
HOS
-C2SO <M_S) - Fc (S3} + H{D 灶
0+ KOH 1.
如何配
H20
Tbk
Some sulphur is placed in the dry tube, and dry oxygen is passed through whole apparatus for a few minutes. The clip is closed and mercury、poured into the manometer. To make the pressure in the tube. atmospheric, the clip is momentari ly-released. The sulphur is, then heated with a small flame. It burs until all the oxygen is usedup. After an initial movement due to the expansion of the hot gas, the mercury "returns to it's original
olation. Thus the volume of gaseous oxide, Tormed must be equal to the volume of oxygen that went to form it. Hence sulphur dioxide contains.
10 INR 1ts own volume of oxygen.
(3)(0) 1365IN特硫酸 + PACK FAX:+42{\\
1974 中學會考試題預習專欄
堅道畫院主編...
*化學科(乙)
王兆女
vol.
vol.
_|"avogadro's principle allows us to
substitute "molecules" for "volumes! A mokecule of sulphur dioxide there.
fora.contains 1 molecule of oxygen dryas oxygen is diatomic, 2. atoms. of oxygen. In other words the formula of the gas 10 S02
To find the value of x it is necess Pary to determine: experimentally the relative density of the gas, i.ci ,the weight of a certain völüme of
the gas divided by the weight of an equal volume of ydrogen, both vol- unes being measured at the same temperature, and pressure. By using for instance Legnault's method iț îî found that the relative density of- sulphur dioxide is 32.
he molecular weign of any gas 13: twice its relative, density, a re- lationship which be deduced from Avogadro's principle. The molecular. ̈weight of sulp ur dioxide is there-
fore, 64. As the formula has been found to be syOzand the ato, c weights of sulphur and oxyga.. are chown to be 32 and 16, it follows that
32x3264
Sulphuric acid
(Manufactures The contact:process.
This process, depends on the fol10- |ing stages:
Production of sulphur dioxide. and its purification.. Sulphur dioxide is prepared by .roasting tron pyrites or sulphur
in air:
60
The mixture of sulphur dioxide ̇nitrogen and excess of, air ds. freed from dust by passing it through chambers packed with *- quartz and then washing it with steam or very dilute caustic soda solution. It is then dried by conc. sulphuric acid,
Catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide to, sulphur trioxide by oxygen of the air:
The dust-free gas passes into ̇contact chambers. hsated to 450°C
2502 + 02 450°C
Catalyst commonly used are Pt or oxides of vanadium, V205. (Catalyst poisoning occure very
readily in this process: (especial ly. by Asp0s) and the gases must be thoroughly, purified - before they reach the catalyst' chamber to prevent poisoning.
Combination of sulphur trioxide with the elements of water:
The sulphur trioxide is absorbed in 97.7% sulphuric acid, and water is run in at the same time- to keep the concentration const.
HSO 50
#2820% + H2O
sugar:
cotton
JOH
oxalic acid
Cuso, SH
Sulphonating action of sulphuric
acids
This property is exercised toward organic compounds, chiefly aroma. tic. A typical case is the sulph onation of benzene to benzenew sulphonic acid by concentrated sulphuric acid at 180.c. HASO
Uses of sulphuric acid:
1. For the manufacture of super phos.
phate of lime and other fertili
and sers.
2. In the refining of petroleum- 3. For the preparation of nitric.
acid, hydrochloric acid and many organic compounds.. In the lead accumlator.
for aul phai
A little dilute hydrochloric acid Jie added to an aqueous salution.of.
a sulphate. When an aqueous solution lof barium.chloride is then added to the mixture, a white precipitate of barium sulphate will be formed
+2NaCl Na So + The addition of hydrochloric acid distinguishes a sulphate from other aoid radicles which also produce a precipitate with barium chloride.
+2NaC1
Sodium sulphite will give a white ̇precipitate of barium sulphite.
with barium chloride solution, but ho precipitate. will appear if the sulphite: solution is first acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid.
S
2
the formula of sulphur dioxide
is
Properties".
( Questions for this week:
Sulphuric acid is a colourless, oily 2iquid with no smell. Its density in 1.8 gm. per cc. It boils at about 340°C at 760 on with some decompo- 1. How 16 sulphuric acid obtained sition, giving off very irritating and poisonous white fumes.
→
from sulphur? Write equations -representing the reactione taki ing place. Draw a diagram of the apparatus used.
NAH
口水作用,產生
802N CUEN
D. GEN
|_ (6)©£a toj 2 = 9,30; 3CZIRIŽNJO JANAS
AGE 8.1.7
D.12 E.12.3
(7)下列哪一個全鸡的氧化
A:Cu2O B. Al2O C. Mg Hi
NAFRIMIT
MANH
8. NH2
(9)改革報應 NO + KH3
4.作為氧化劑的HNO,其當量為
JAY63.
E 42
CHEMISTRY (16)
Suggested answers for last weak:
The first step is to pour offiy the excess concentrated sulphuric acid, which would damage filter. paper. Cold water is then added to the solid residue and heated) gently.with.stinring until the
同一季数種用子惯特淇最為房打分之 copter sulphate disenlves. The
之作用,最低原子谈之化合物只
无作用,特兰
1974中學會考試題預習專欄
堅道書院主編
中國語文科(十七) ·黃振劍
(甲)課本問題
(I)詩
(二)漢魏六朝詩選
·戰城南
漢樂府詩
-騣城• 歌十八曲中的一篇,是叙纖陣之作。蹼光的「特 ̇比嗨嗨小說「此塞上它人士,且辨且戰,痛死亡之苦,而思 ̇以將帥也,其武帝取到奴河南地,讓明方,故套,何敢大久 锻掠地成之時!」還只是穿擊史實,並無實據。味詩意,乃 若人民痛恨戰爭,反對戰爭之作。戰死沙場的兵士,暴開於野, 爲鴨所歐我,戰場上只下無馬在徘徊悲嗎,舀米無人收割, 百姓也活不下去了。反職的牌緒描寫得十分深刻。是刷兵密武 的當頭棒喝。 何調樂府?!
樂府是官府的名簿,專與樂歌的機關。漢武帝時始設立,採蒔夜詳
,以李延年爲都尉,一面收集民開的歌辭,有趣、代、寨、楚 ̇ 之類;一面舉司馬相如等數十人作為時試,台以音調,然後 因此其性質大抵可分兩機:......一為女人所作的詩韻您辦賦;一篇 民們的歌話。其中尤以民間歌題,由於所用的都是當時的口語, 句簡短樸實,弒含數富的情感,反映出社會的餐况,-
滿活躍的
·生命,在文學上具有重大的寶個。例如東門行、城堈行、孤兒行、 十五從軍征、上山採酸菜、陌上桑、城南等是爲樂府中民里識 的代表作。由三國魏晉以至南北朝,樂出詩大盛,但都是短箱的居 「多。磕到唐代,便有長篇的樂府趣生,如詩人所作的「账行」便.
某所骨的新樂府了。
warm solution is filtered from the insoluble impurities, copper) and cuprous sulphide. The filtrate is blue coover sulphate solution. The solution is slightly‘evaport ated and from time to time tested.
(二)淡代樂府可分晚類?聆城南樂府是屬於那一線街二
攔未人郭茂倩的「樂府詩集」所權,他們歷代樂時分僑十二期,上 自唐璁的歌戀,下运五代的雜府商游。漢代的榮府分別歸入刻奮歌 觧、鼓吹歌辭、璜吹歐雞,山和收等,舞曲歌等,錐曲確六類之
♯△胸彅燆屬於變吹曲辭一口
(三)何
被吹逃難?
波吹曲辭叉牌歌或統熊转、漢歌曲,其中多不可開。 拔約古今注說「規簫歌樂也。......渙樂有鬥波吹,天和 所以实菜色也。短箔銳歌,鼓吹之一难備,亦以赐有功借侯。 「冠英說得好「大約鵖限本來有當無辭,後來豬報補選噼所以 時代不一,內容熘雜。其中有叙戰軍,有耙祥瑞,有哭武功,也有
關让国女私情的。有武帝時的我,也有宣帝的詩,有女人作, 有民間歌。」
(四)跟城南一茜描述有何深刻之處?試指出它
̇「戰城南,郭雜北」,開頭二句已您出戰場範圍之廣想,殺戮的!您 酷。雙死沙場的兵士,只有悲屍於野,作爲烏)的念浪而已,是無 洗福他們招魂安葬的,在待人的思憶中,只有希弘為局在啄EE 前,摺替他們招魂,谁是詩人天真的想法。至於戰爭過後的荒凉 修景,作者描寫的,「水深激激,湘宾宾j「吳特戰鬥死,於 ・居徘徊獎。」由於戰爭關係,生被塗炭,田畝荒蕪,榖米無法收割 →國又怎脂有所享用呢!那末臨下百想做忠臣也不可能了。特 磺雅含蓄,但可習出作者达具有一投濃厚的瓦戰思想的。
(錼>解釋下列詞
1.瑞我解為,且為客響。
替我告訴高點,姑且儒道些戰死他鄉的人就哭一番。
2.野死說不爽,安能去子逃!
·遇些暴屍於野的死屍,相信不會得到與吧,他們病朽的毙體怎 而逃汹你們(烏鴉)的宝爪暇!
3.水激璷·蒲葦窕宴。
在戰場上,只見水流湍急,那岸邊的流養克辦一片昏暗。 4.MR, EN
LA
那楠藥上竟然殺掛了營房,交通阻塞,人們艾怎脆來往南北呢?
西北有高樓.
古詩:
由日 情哀傷知音難過的詩。
宮古體詩 古詩)? 古特艾名古風,差将超以後的另一組體萩的我,產生於漢代。這膽
Reaction with awtar:
Sulphur dioxide dissolves freely 1 water. The solution is strongly. acid owing to the formation af Sulphurous acid. The acid, however cannot be isolated, since on "evaporating: the uolution it splits up into water and sulphur dioxide:
Reaction with hydrogen sulphide:
If a jar of moist sulphur dioxide is inverted over a jar of hydrogen sulphide, sulphur is deposited on" the wall of the jars. A radox reaction has taken place. Sulphur
Tr.allowed to fall on a red-hot; inert surface, it decomposes accord- ing to the equation:
It mlacible with water in all pro |portions.uch heat is. evolved when
「the acid and water are, mixed, so the
acid muat always: be added to water. Chemical properties:
詩體是不絶句數,不論平仄,不讓對偶,可任意轉韻。字數有三言 TRES 六蓉、等各體。其中以五書、七鏳最爲普遍,五 智的再每个五言古餑」,简蔣「五古」,古诗十九首是爲五貫時的 冠遊。目的為「七言古券」,簡稱「古」三國、曹丕的我 睺行,公制橋台形式最早成立的一種。
(二)試鑑古路九首的作者、年代及它的內容大概。
古詩十九首的作者及其寫作時代,至今仍未有定論,即古人的意見 ,大抵有以下是個說法
1.起於秋漲、
徐陵的玉豪新詠,在古十九首中,指出「青青河畔草」、「行 狩真行行」、「西北有高獎」、「涉江宋美蓉」、「庭中有奇朗 」、「追過牽牛」、「東城高且題」、「明月何皎皎」等八首 ,再加上「關若生春陽」一首題儒枚乘雜詩。劃钾的艾心雕阻也
·說:「古詩佳 ,或枚叔,其孤竹一篇,則傳毅之詞,比采訖 攏,兩漢之作呼?
2.WEITE
連線請品說:「古錄,其惓源於國風.........『去者日以疏四十
首最多怨,如為總雞 賴疑是建安中會。」 3.裝碗、黏生所作
王世貞的碼列屉習說:「慈者,中間雜有枚生,或張衡、蔡萬之
作未可知。」 以上幾種說法都不能成立::
我乘是西澳文景時代人,如果那時有如古時十九晳麼光 美的寫詩,為何枚乘傅及漢書藝文志不載。而且當時交 比如司馬指如、王感、楊維為甚麼沒有選擇作品2.爲 會「吟詠醾口?
第二、鎮聯、王世貞的話都是推測之辭,並無可我的證據。 所以,我們可以說,西漢有五包,但是古詩十九營那完美的 作品,西漢却沒有,其生時代,大都在東漢末年,十九首長五 言古詩成熟的代表作。作者是「不必一人之辭」。至於十九首的 內容,渴、洗鐵谮說:「古詩十九首...............大率逐臣業艇,朋友 遇,游子他鄉,死生新故之感,或顯言,或反覆言,初無奇關之 思:或驚險之句,而西古時皆在其下,是爲國風之選。」 (三)古詩十九首在中國文學上的地位如何?有何簠大影响?C何总
`M] ?MMINE] ?)
古辭十九首,燕上帶季風的像籍,下開魏晉古錢的先河,後世時人
2. Describe the action of sulphuric
v acid on the following substances: stating in each case the condit培 ions necessary for the action to. proceed:
(1) copper (ii) sulphur (ill) sugar; (iv) potassium (nitrate (v) barium chloride.
solution; (vi) hydrated copper sulphate.
,無不深爲走心。如強機、劉、謝師、鮑照、鮑令爾、江淹、 沈約、孟浩然、岸魔物、比,洪活、陳奕、張鐡、王閣運等,均 有操作,可見其期後來奥者形判之保了。所以明代陇時雍說:『十 九首誤之風係,謂之消度,因你時镪岳以四字句寫多,每苦文繁 而鯊少,五官詩的風與作者的字带偏性,藉此可以大大的發揮 因此,詩句由2四宮壁 玄宮,於我國買歌上一蠅形式進步這種形 式,一直到現在,影响我國時滞達千年之久,對後代詩歌發展的 影响,實遠在詩經之上,劉躍納它為會特的冠黾,鋪線低再它 字千金。其惟嵗可滑落了。
(四)西北有飯一種選作有何技巧?
作者偕榭痰怨婦而哀傷知音之離去。「西北有高樓,上與深靈響。 交遜銷耣號,阿閑三瓶;。」一開始便為出高樵的位置及其區圖的 情况。接着便刻畫出樓上有一位身世可憐的慕婦在彈弄落悲傷的曲 調 「上有絃啟生,音響一個悲,並能為此曲,無乃把梁妻! 調是哀怨個人的「高風發,中曲正徘徊。一彈再三對, 有堍我。」頭跟乎世懷,還不是最值得可惜,最痛惜者就是 沒有人了解她,了解她的也只有作者一人而已。因此怨婦的歌聲 與作者産生了共鳴,由于陽知音之難過,因而想到顏化身為高飛的 陽節,共同追求崇高的理想。所以說,「阿鴐體鴻牆,奮翅起高無
(三)解称下列詞句:
1.交流箱絲體,阿閣三爾限
到尸的奋窖某朧刻放的能致,張掛證用絲綱做的營養,樓閣上 有關然的尾囊,下有三顆石。
2.誰能爲此曲,無乃把梁爽!
誰人能够網出此幽的曲調呢?大概是像古代桕榮殖的妻子那饑 身不幸的人才能出吧!
3.一再三嘆,漿紙有餘質。
一個三國的曲調中,流露出無與失意悲傷的一欄三轉的曲中心 流露出無限失意悲傷的消懷。
4.不惜歌者否,但傷知者。
唱歌的人自身世之者還不是最值得可惜,最可惜的就是沒有人了 解她心裏的滿苦。
(附註:本預習對於和每一篇踝交有關的異實交學補選,均有腐列 ,溫是中學生懷有的基本跑識。唯本科主要在渊職考生女 之還用,為了應付考試,考生對於進方面不必過於満罵。)