有教偶拳 頁三第張四第日九廿月四年多辛度宴 WAH KIU YAT PO
報日僑茶
英中會考經濟及公共事務科答案
育華僑華
英中會考英文(一)答案
HONG KONG
CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION (ENGLISH)
1971
ENGLISH LANGUAGE-I
SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE
PRECIS & COMPOSITION
PRECIS SECTION
All groups of human beings have their own methods of controlling the behaviour of their members. In a family, children have to observe accepted rules of behaviour to avoid being ridiculed by other members. Where a number of families live together. the desire to preserve one's good name in the eyes: of neighbours makes gossip effective as a means of control. Likewise, the fear of being made an out cast makes disgrace even more powerful. In larger groups such as businessmen in the same trade, doctors or workers of the same trade union, the fear of economic ruin or unemployment makes it possible to enforce certain common rules of conduct. In an entire nation, the fear of anarchy unless the behaviour of all is controlled makes it imperative to have some form of government which employs physical violence as the final sanction. (142)
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
COMPOSITION SECTION
(a) Suggest some ways in which the district in which you live could
be improved.
SUGGESTED POINTS:
The state of cleanliness. In the district is unsatisfactory. But lot of it is brought, about by inconsiderate behaviour of residents. There should, therefore, be more intensive, education in civics. Cleanliness campaigns could be considered as a means to achieve this.
A lot of the traffic congestion and general confusion is. brought about by the absence of sufficient parking facilities, particularly for private cars. More parking spaces should be provided, including the construction of multi-storey car parks. by government.
There should be more recreational facilities provided for the young people in the district. For example, more playgrounds, more, parks, more swimming pools, etc..
There should be more shopping facilities su uat people aving int the district could avoid travelling a long distance to reach the shopping areas. This would reduce travelling by people. There would in turn reduce traffic congestion. There should be
more schools
in the district. This would enable young people to go to a school in their own districe. Not only will this reduce travelling, it will also help in pro
moting a district spirit so that the young people will be proud of their community when they ornw in
(b) Write a story in which at least TWO of the following are pro-
minent features: a door key, a clock, a broken radio set, an unwelcome visitor.
SUGGESTED POINTS;
The other day you discovered that the radio set which your uncle gave you as a birthday present was broken, You spent much
uch time to try to make it work again but failed.
At last you decided to take it to the repair shop. It was a Saturday and you noticed that you had only one more hour to go before the repair shop was closed for the week-end. But you wanted very much to listen to a radio programme on Sunday..
As you were hurrying up your aunt came to visit your family as a surprise visitor. You had to entertain her as you were the only one in the house and your aunt had come all the way from Singapore.
Whilst entertaining your aunt, you were watching the clock on the wall at the time. At last your parents came back and you were relieved.
You were on your way again to the repair shop. But in #great hurry, you forgot to bring your door kev..
"Many of the inventions which were intended to make life easier have in some ways made life more difficult. Discuss.
SUGGESTED POINTS;
Inventions were made by inventors to enable mankind to make use of and then to control nature. In so doing we often upset the balance of nature,"
The introduction of machinery into agriculture was a painful process in history. Old contented farmers were displaced by mchinery and became discontented elements in society. The old social tranquility was upset.
The invention of gun-powder was another example. Gun- powder is a source of power for mankind to harness nature, but has also become the main means for mankind to kill one another.
The invention of atomic energy was a further example. Atomic energy is an important source of power for our industrialization, yet it can also be used for extremely destructive purposes.
A ready example in our daily life is the introduction, of motor cars. Motor cars enable us to travel qucikly and conveniently. Today motor cars have brought about problems of traffic congestion and air pollution.
(TO BE CONTINUED TO-MORROW)
SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO
ECONOMIC AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS
·for
"Hong Kong Certificate of Education Examination(English)
((b)
ANSWER
The types of occupation which occur in a country
ac determined by types of industries established in the country, and which in term related to the site of the country, that is, physical environment, natural resources, transportation, labour force, market, education standard, capital and social form.
Home industries such as production of plastic flowers and toys provide occupation determined by the following factors: Firstly, the space needed for this kind of light industry, is small. Secondly, the raw materials can be obtained from abroad: Thirdly, means of transportation are sufficient. Fourthly, demand is comparatively great, both home and abroad. Fifthly, labour can be obtained more easily. Besides, capital can be obtained from investment. Finally, improvement in techniques is a great help to the industries.
There are various causes of unemployment. These causes may be classified into seven types. Cyclical unemployment. is caused by general depression in trade. When there is a change in demand of a certain goods, the producers may cut down the cost of production and they produce less of that kind of goods, in this case, the labourers of the concerned industry may have to face unemployment. Structural unemployment means frictional unemployment. Technical development is also one of the main causes of unemployment today: It is because labour-saving machinery displays labour which cannot be transferred to other industries at a short duration. The changes in demand of
certain kind of goods according to the change of season may cause seasonal unemployment. The selling of ice cream which has a comparatively small demand in winter, is a typical example. Residual unemployment occurs where there is mental or physical disabilities or unwillingness to work in the labour force. Strikes which are voluntary unemployment may cause..... unemployment in other industries. The above factors contribute. serious influence on unemployment.
As the causes of unemployment are known, some. ways should be found out to over come the difficulty. Maintenance of a high level of demand is one of the ways to solve the problem of unemployment. There must be sufficient expenditure, both public and private in order to create sufficient total income to prevent a decline in demand. In a trade slump, public expenditure is necessary to stimulate demand. To control. the location of industry, diversification is adopted to avoid structural unemployment. Organised mobility of labour is important and should be maintained through training labour tor other industries by the Government. Furthermore, trade unions should have a responsible attitude to avoid causing inflation when. demanding for wage increase,
ANSWER 3 (a):
(1) Trade Development Council The Trade Development Council
was established in September, 1966. The work of the Trade Development Council can be summarized as follows.
(1) to promote, assist and develop Hong Kong's foreign trade
and exports;
2) to ensure that the resources of Hong Kong are utilised
onomically and effectively as possible in trade pro- on activities;
(3) to advise Government what measures to adopt in
respect of expanding and stabilising Hong Kong's trade; (4) to co-ordinate the efforts of Government and those of the business community toward a joint promotion programme of trade.
With the existence of Trade Development Council, resident representatives from Hong Kong are stationed in many coun- tries throughout the world. Plans are now afoot to prepare for Hong Kong's participation in forthcoming trade fairs in most countries of the world. Negotiations are also underway to enable Hong Kong's products to be displayed in future trade fairs to be held by countries hitherto not participated. by Hong Kong. With the existence of Trade Development Council can now consequently move towards a greater con centration on Hong Kong's overseas trade relations, the certification of Hong Kong's products and in giving general assistance to local commerce and industry.
(i) The Hong Kong Export Credit Insurance. Corporation has
an authorised capital of $10 million and a statutory limit for insurance purposes of $300 million, which is fully guaranteed by Government.
The Corporation now provides a basic policy know as Comprehensive shipment policy which insures consumer goods from date of shipment or date of payment against loss caused. by war, revolution or civil disturbances which are generally not covered by any ordinary insurance policy. Other risks covered include imposition or cancellation of import licenses after the goods have been delivered; non-availability of foreign exchange after the buyer has paid for the export bill; and default of the buyer after the goods have been sent. Thus any happenings or foreign governments actions beyond anybody control can now be insured against.
Hong Kong manufacturers and exporters can now enjoy Govern- ment-backed insurance at low premium rates against economic and political risks that are not normally insurable in Hong Kong. As a result, they can trade more easily, expand their present business and, find new markets for their commodities.
(iv) ine rederation of Hong Kong Industries, established by
ordinance in 1960, promotes the interests of Hong Kong industry as a whole, and its membership represents all industries many nationalities and all sizes of enterprise. The federation actively promotes the standards of locally manufactured goods, and currently provides testing and certification services for textile and electrical products. To encourage the development of better industrial design in Hong Kong, the Industrial Design Council of the Federation has instituted two awards for Hong Kong designed products, vis: the Governor's Award for Hong Kong Design and the Federation of Hong Kong Industries Award for Good Design.
(TO BE CONTINUED TO-MORROW)
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| 啓德圖書公司新出版
英中會考英文(一)試題
HONG KONG
CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION (ENGLISH)
971
ENGLISH LANGUAGE” I
Total time allowed for Composition and Precis - 21⁄4
8:30 am 10.45 am.
深情
【昨加得
ine composition section is on a SEPARATE question paper, Answerboth the Composition and the Precis sections in the SAME answer book,
PRECIS SECTION
Read the following passage carefully until you feel you have a general under- standing of it, and then answer the question ser at the end.
As a child grows older, he begins to realise that he is not only an ̈ndividual but also a member of society, and that society and the groups that compose it have certain rules that must be obeyed, These rules, or controls, e all-important. Without them, even the smallest community would dissolve. and perish.
Human beings join together in many different ways and for many different, reasons. All the groups they form, however, have one thing in common: they all have their own special methods of putting pressure on those whose behaviour differs from what the group considers normal
amour differs f
Ridicule, for example, is one of the principal means of controlling the behaviour of children. Its use in that smallest of human communities, the family, is widespread. It is usually successful because, in normal circumstances, a child has a very great fear of being laughed at. He is made to behave as he is required to behave because he is afraid, not of punishment, but of being considered a laughing stock by the other members of the family. This fear of making a fool of oneself is very powerful, and many children carry it with them into their adult lives.
Another means of controlling behaviour one frequently met in small communities cut off from one another by long distances and poor communications, is gossip. Where a few families live closely together, and where a person's life and actions are open to inspection by his neighbours, most adults are fearful of being caught conducting themselves in a manner which could cause rumours that might harm their good names. But perhaps the most powerful means of punishment at the disposal of this kind of community is disgrace. This "shunning" of a person, or sending him to Coventry, means that he remains a member of the.community, but that no one ever speaks to him or communicates with him in any way. This exposes the offender to one of man's most dreaded conditions loneliness. A crueller but more effe w
effective form of punishment is hard to imagine.
n the larger communities or society, other kinds of rules are In operation. In certain occupational groups, for example, the application of economic pressure is the principal means of control. The businessman who breaks price-fixing agreements may find himself ruined. The doctor who disobeys the rules of his profession may ind himself prevented from practising The worker who produces more than his colleagues may find himself expelled from his trade union and without a job. Few means of control are as effective as those which threaten a man's livelihood. The threat of unemployment is for many men as frightening as the threat of
Imprisonment.
This brings us finally to the body of rules that govern behaviour in the largest group that men form, the state or the nation. All of us are obliged to live under a system of laws which tax us, make us obey innumerable regulations, imprison us, and, if necessary, kill us. It is when considering the legal system that we come face to face with the fact that this most important and widespread set of rules rests upon the oldest form of social control S physical violence. In the great majority of societies, this violence is used only. as a last resort if all other means of control fail. The mere threat of it, however, is normally enough to make men obey the law and accept its restrictions, realising that upon the law depends the stability of society."
Question
In not more than 150 words describe the ways in which, according to the writer, the various human groups mentioned in the passage control the behaviour of their members, explaining in each case why the control is successful.
COMPOSITION SECTION
Candidates are reminded of the importance of clear handwriting Choose ONE ONLY of the following topics and write not less than 400 wordi
Suggest some ways in which the district in which you live could be improved,
Write a story in which at least two or the folowing are prominent features: a door key, a clock, a broken radio set, an unwelcome visitor.
(c) "Many of the inventions which were intended to make life easier:
have in some ways made life more difficult." Discuss.
(d) "Young people today are all beginning to think alike: they do not
seem to have ideas of their own" To what extent is this true?
"We use glass as much for its beauty as its usefulness." Write in support of this statement.
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