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rules contained in the Papongon Japage Brokers Act respecting Papage contract Eickel, would require considerable modification in their application to China. In England the Emigrant has paid an advance lorwand, of his passage and detailed provision of the English law have for their object to secure that the Broker shall fulfil his part of the contract. In China the reverse is the case - and the Broker has normally advanced money to the Emigrant, in consideration of that advance, Engages to emigrate. As little honesty can be counted upon on either side, the Emigrant who has received his advance under a contract is tempted to escape from his Engagement and obtain a second advance from a second Broker. The liability to this fraud on the one side tends to increase the violence and lawlessness practised on the other. The object is therefore to secure that in the original contract the Emigrant and Agent shall be under a strong inducement to adhere to it and that, fair or unfair, the broker shall...