2. M. Broth after alluding generally to these abuses, (More particularly described in the Enclosures to his letter which are not transmitted to us) and stating the reasons for endeavouring rather to regulate the Emigration, enumerates the Measures by which the Board of Trade consider that this object would be best effected. Before proceeding to report on these it may be desirable to state summarily for Secretary Herbert's information (even at the risk of repeating what is notorious) what is the position and character of this Emigration.
BP. 19263/1853 Manchester, note 273
The Emigration is altogether contrary to the policy of China. But a spontaneous Emigration of persons, estimated at about 50,000 per annum takes place, without impediment and without ill consequences, to different parts of the Malayan Archipelago where the Chinese labourers thrive greatly, giving, it is said, a new aspect to the countries wherever they penetrate. A large number of Chinese also make their way at their own expense to California.