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CHAMBERLAIN FACES HOSTILE COMMONS POLICY UNDER FIRE
Mr. Duff Cooper Explains His Resignation
War Peril Past But Peace Not Established
1
London, October 1.
THERE WAS NOTHING OF THE CONQUERING HERO ATMOSPHERE around Mr. Neville Chamberlain when he rose to speak in the House of Commons yesterday," Mr. Dutt Cooper, who has resigned as First Lord of the Admiralty, in striking not merely a discordant note but actually secus- ing the Prime Minister of an unrealistic poller, heartened the Opposition and stirred up doubters on the Ministerial side,
From the first Mr. Chamberlain faced an Opposition already roused and had behind him that almost Intangible chilliness which afflicts Government majorities when there are doubters in the
ranks.
T
His speech was delivered mostly in silence or to the accompaniment of Ironical cheers or sub- stantial but not too universal bursts of Ministerial cheers. Only when the Opposition attempted to taunt Mr. Chamberlain did his followers arise to a man in his support.
"When we gathered bere last Wednesday we sat under the shadow of an Imminent menace." declared Mr. Cham- berlain, "To-day we all join iri. thankfulness that the prayers of millions have been answered. Upon members of the Cabinet the Strain and responsibility of the last few weeks has been almost over- whelming. Some of us, will carry marks of it for the rest of our days"
"The British Government is in- superstructure has not yet been forming the Czech Government | begun. No one can think that
that
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we are prepared to im- because we have signed this agree- certain fashion, that we were pre- mediately arrange for the advancement at Munich we can afford to pared to Dght. Yet we know that of ten million pounds which will relax our efforts or call a halt in Information to the opposite effect be put at the Czech Government's the programme of rearmament at was being poured into the ears of disposal for their urgent needs. this moment.
the German leaders.
"Hard things have been said "I disarmament is to come it about the German Chancellor to-must come by steps and with the day and in the past, but I think agreement and active co-operation that to-night the House ought to of other countries.
"The Government did not use language which dictators understand.. The language used by the Prime Minister and Sir John Simon meant nothing to persons with a mentality like that of Herr Hitler or Signor Massolini.”. Mr. Du Cooper charged the
"Only the mobilisation of the British Fleet convinced Herr Hitler that Britain would fight. "I tried" to swallow the Manich torms but they stack in my throat.
"The German Government, hav- ing got their man down, was not to be deprived of the pleasure of kicking him and the German Army was not to be deprived of its loot."
י
Referring to the Anglo-German
recognise that it is difficult for a "It is to such tasks-winning man in that position to take back back confidence and the gradual such an emphatic declaration as removal of hostilities between The Prime Minister continued he had already made and consent-nations until they can feel they with an analysis of the positioning at the last moment to discuss can safely discard their weapons when the Munich Conference be- with representatives
other one by one-that I wish to devote Prime Minister with not making declaration, Mr. Duff Cooper sald gan and added that time was the Powers those things which he had what energy and time may be left the British position plain when he that for Mr. Chamberlain to sign essential factor.
already decided once and for all to me before I hand over my office visited Herr Hitler at Berchtesga this without consulting his Cabinet "All the elements were present It was a real and substantial con- to a younger man."--Reuter.
at that spot for an outbreak which might have precipitated a catastrophe, and it was essential, therefore, that the members should reach a conclusion and
tribution to peace.
of
MUSSOLINT'S CONTRIBUTION
"Signor Mussolini's contri- bution was certainly notable, too, and perhaps decisive..
FIRST LORD EXPLAINS
London, Oct. 4.
den.
colleagues, his allies," the Domin- HITLER'S ULTIMATUM
lons or without the assistance of "When the British Government expert diplomatic advisers was 'not' " did send a message stating its the way foreign affairs of the Em- attitude, that message contained pire should be conducted. at least three qualifying clauses. "For the "first time we are com-
a continental basis; we should
that this painful and difficult "Europe and the world has Mr. Alfred Dua Cooper, First When at last Herr Hitler began to mitted to defend a frontier in cen- operation of transferring the reason to be grateful for the work Lord of the Admiralty, was cheered show signs of zelaxing his position tral Europe. That being so W* Sudeten areas should be carried of the Italians, which contributed by Opposition members when he he already knew of the mobilisa-should now maintain an army on out at the earliest possible to a peaceful solution. It was rose in Parliament yesterday to tion of the British Fleet.
they who, very early in the pro- explain his resignation from the Mr. Chamberlain then proceed-ceedings, produced a memorandum Cabinet. ed to compare the terms put for which M. Daladier and I were able ward by Germany at Godesberg. to accept as a basis of discussion. which were rejected by the Czec Government, and the terms of the agreement signed at Munich.
moment."
ORDER VERSUS VIOLENCE
"It is on the difference be- tween these two documents that will depend the judgment whether we were, successful in what we set out to do-namely to find an orderly instead of a violent method of "carrying out an agreed decision,
"M. Daladier's course" and readi- mess to take responsibility, his pertinacity and unfailing good humour were invaluable during the whole discussion."
UNITED STATES' ATTITUDE
"AL the British Government re-quicken the rearmament scheme ceived in retura for its 'sweet]on a broader basis. declared that British reasonableness' was the Berchtes "Mr. Chamberlain believes he foreign policy should be made gaden ultimatum. ¡
сал come to a reasonable settle- plain to other countries. This,
"Later, the Prime Minister re- ment of all „outstanding questions in the recent crisis, the Go-
turned from Godesberg with with Herr Hitler. vernment had failed to do.
nothing but the German Memor- "He may be right. I hope "We were drifting day by day andum, couched in terms which
and pray he is; but as I cannot into a W&T with. Germany." he only a cruel and revengeful enemy
believe that, it is better. I sard. "We never said until the eculd dictate to a beaten foè after
should go."-Renter:
(Continued on Fage 3)
Engraving is the hall mark
Referring to the United States, last moment, and then in an un-a long war. Mr. Chamberlain said that the messages so firmly and persuasive- ly made by President Roosevelt showed that the views of the most powerful nation In the world' could make themselves heard, ""The Godesberg memorandum, across 3,000 miles of ocean to the though cast in the form of pro- minds of men in Europe. posals, was, in fact an ultimatum "The greatest force one which with a time" Ilmit.
took fresh shapes and grew every "On the other hand the Munich day-was not the force of one in- Agreement reverted to the Anglo-dividual. It was the unmistakable French plan and laid down con- and sensible unanimity among the ditions for the application on the peoples of the world that war must responsibility of the Four Powers be averted and the realisation and under international supervi-that the peoples of the British sion, of the main principle of that Empire were at one with those of memorandum.
Germany and France, and that "Every fair and serious minded their auxiety and tension and in- man or woman who takes into tense desire for peace pervaded consideration the modifications of the whole atmosphere of the Con- the memorandum must agree that ference. they are of very considerable ex- tent.
**TO those who disliked the ultimatum and were anxions for a 'reasonable and orderly procedure every one of those modifications was a step in the right direction. "In giving a verdict on this issue we should be well advised to avoid describing it as a personal
or national triumph for anybody.
· CATASTROPHE AVERTED
"I acknowledge the encourage- ment and good wishes I received from the Dominions Governments PACIFICATION OF EUROPE
"Ever since I assumed., my present position my main purpose has been to work for the pacification of Europe.
•
"To remove the suspicions and animosities which have so long poisoned the air has been my desire. The path that leads to "The real triumph is that it has appeasement bristles with obsta-
The
Czecho shown that the representatives of cles.
question of the Four Powers can find It pos- slovakia is the latest, and was sible to agres on a way to carry perhaps the most dangerous. Now out a dificult and delicate opera that we have got past that it tion by discussion instead of with might be possible to make further loss of life, and thus they averted progress on the road to sanfty. a catastrophe which would have "In my conversations with Herr ended civilisation as we know it. Hitler last Friday I entered into The relief at our escape fromno pact and made no new commit- this peril has been mingled with ments. There is no secret under- profound feeling of sympathy standing and our conversation, was for a small and gallant nation in hostile to no other nation." the hour of their national griež "The object of that conversa- tion, for which Herr Hitler asked.
and loss
"In the name of this House and was to try and extend a little the the people of this country I say contact he had with me, for this that Czechoslovakia has earned contact "I consider essential in our admiration and respect for modern diplomacy contact in a her restraint and magnificent dia-friendly and entirely cipline in the face of such a trial mittal conversation carried on. In as few nations have been called my part largely with a view upon to meet." (Cheers).
NO SHAME
non-com-
to
seeing if there could be found points in common between the heads of the democratic Govern During his speech Mr. Cham-ments and,, the leader of a totall- berlain was subject to consider- tarian state. able interruption from the Labour POSITIVE EFFORT FOR PEACE benches. and amld prolonged Ministerial cheers the cry of "Shame" was hurled back at the Opposition side,
"If there is one lesson we should learn from the, events of the past week it is that fasting peace is not to be at- tained by sitting round and waiting for it. It requires an active and positive effort
am too much of a realist to raise a loan of thirty million believe we shall, schlove our para- pounds to be guaranteed by the dise in a day. We have only laid the foundation of peace and the
"I have nothing to be ashamed of declared Mr. Chamberlain, "We have received from the Czech Government an appeal to help
British Government.
Kalden.
Mr Howard Harding.
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