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HELBING-On Sunday, August 7. at the War Memorial Nursing Home, Betty, daughter of Mr and Mrs James Helbing, of Cheam. Surrey, and formerly o Foochow. Service at the Colonial Cemetery Chapel,
15
EDITORIAL
THIRTEEN MONTHS OF WAR
HONG KONG AUGUST, 7, 1938.
!
FTER 13 months of undeclared warfare, Japan finds herself com- -mitted to a struggle with China which for her can have only
Happy Valley at 5 p.m. today.one result ignominious defeat. Cremation.
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6183
MESSER.-On July 26. 1938, at "Lealholme," They. Oxford, Charles McIlvaine Messer. O.B.E., formerly Colonial Trea "aurer: Hong Kong. BANDINEL-On July 25, 1938. at Bournemouth. Jane, widow of J. J. Frederick Bandinel. form- North erly of Newchwang. China, aged 88.
MARRIAGE
MIDDLETON SMITH: WILSON.
On July 27. 1938 at St. Ger- Church, "Blackheath,
man's
Even now it'la dimcult to ascertain the real motives which induced Japan to transform the skirmishing that began on July 7 last year into a war of first magnitude. Neither side was so placed as to con- template a major war with confidence.
It was clear to the Japanese that even a quick and decisive war would impose a financial strain which they could not comfortably support. There was the prospect, too, that, exhausted at the end of the war, they might have to abandon the best frutts of victory.
It is plausible to assume that the Japanese garrison in North China decided to use the incidents of the first week of July to gato control of the North China railways and to snatch another slice of territory in the north.
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HAD THE Chinese resistance in the north been stronger, the local crisis might have passed quickly, but Japan's early success encouraged more ambitious plans.
A quick stroke, the domination of all North China, access to the raw materials there; it was a tempting bait. And Generalissimo London Oliver, son of Profes-Chiang Kai-shek had not then completed his overhaul of the Chinese sor and Mrs. Middleton Smith military machine. The truce between the Central Government, and
Kong to of Hong
Helen, the Chinese Communists had just been made. To delay might mean daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J.J. that China would become too strong. Wilson of London.
The Baily Press.
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NOTICE.
It is proposed to hold a dinner on Friday, August 12th on the occasion of the 1st anniversary of "The Shanghai Volunteer Corps Will an Mobilisation."' 1937 members and ex members of the S.V.C. mobilized on that occasion who wish to attend please comi municate for details, before Tues day, 5 p.m. to
J.B.H. LECKIE,
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6182
HONG KONG & SHANGHAI
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that an Interim Dividend of
A.R.P. EXHIBITION.
ARRANGED by the Women's Air Raid Precautions Union
at
The Union Church Hall, Kennedy Road THURSDAY, August 11th 2.30-7
for Members of the various A.R.P. Lecture Centres
FRIDAY, August 12th 11.7 OPEN TO THE PUBLIC. PROGRAMME.
IST DAY
Tel. 24511.`-. London Office: 53, Fleet Street
..E.C.4.
IN
Hoxo Koso, AUGUST 8, 1939.
LIVE AND LET LIVE
Russia was passing through a crisis, Britain had her hands full In Spain and the Mediterranean. Such may have been the Japanese calculatioris in the "hurried, confused interval between the opening skirmishes and the disastrous and terrible war. which has now developed.
"Whatever may have been the Japanese objectives in July or August last year, they are vastly different now. The unexpected resistance of the Chinese has been an intolerable blow to Japanese pride. The prestige of the Empire demanded that China should, in the words of Prince Konoye, be beaten to her knees
Incalculable factors have forced Japan Into an undertaking which, as the months pass, calls upon her maximum resources. She has again proved to the world, if proof were needed, that military machines rarely move to plan, that paper victories and paper strategy are no reflection of reality, and that the stupidity of the military mind leads a people not necessarily to victory, but almost always to ruln
SUPERFICIALLY, the Japanese military leaders may have been Justified in their bind optimism. They remembered, no doubt, that in little more than a year they had defeated Czarist Russia. They believed in their military destiny, and their military machine was westernised, mechanised and efficient.
i
Opposed to them was a but recently united nation, poorly armed and soldiered, and without an effective navy. A blockade of the coastal ports and the buying over of local governments and general's might, they thought, complete what military action would begin.
But Japan did not reckon with the Chinese spirit, its will to
TN the House of Commons, early resistance, its subtlety and resourcefulness. It underestimated the in the week. Mr. R.A. Butler tactical brilliance of these Communist leaders, who, in years" of civil made a statement to the effect warfare, had mastered the technique of guerilla Bghting. that the Government had bec
Victorious in major engagements, the Japanese were lured into. devoting careful consideration to the interior, finding their communications hard to defend. Infiltrat the possibility of terminating the ing behind the lines, the Chinese have attacked in small bands, Anglo-Japanese Treaty of 1911 50 destroying and killing, demoralising the Japanese by sudden night far as It gives Japan trading attacks. privileges in the Colonies. This
锋
•
statement was in the nature of a THE CHINESE have eluded decisive battles, exploiting the nature and reply to a question by a member
extent of their territory. These tactics are constantly forcing who put forward the suggestion the Japanese to-larger and larger commitments. In an attempt to 2.30 Opening by Lady North that some such action should be break the spirit of the people, the Japanese have released their adopted if the Japanese Govern-bombers over the large congested Chinese cities, murdering from the ment persists in showing no con- skies, and revealing to a shocked world the barbarity and sadism of sideration whatever for British modern war. rights and property in China.
门
cote
Followed by a talk by
Wing Commander
A. H. Steele. Perkins.
.
IT IS HEREBY NOTIFIED 3.30 Demonstration of Bandag ing, etc., by Members of the St. John Ambulance Brigade.
£2.10/- per share, subject to deduction of Income Tax, has
heen declared for the HALF YEAR ending 30th June, 1938 at rate of 1/2.7/8 per Dollar.
THE DIVIDEND will be payable on and after 8th August, 1938 at the offices of the, Cor
6.00 Talk by Wing Commander A.H. Steele Perkins, Demonstration by St. John Ambulance Brigade.
6.30
poration, where Shareholders are 11.00 requested to apply for Warrants.
THE REGISTER OF 11.30 SHARES of the Corporation will be closed from 25th JULY 3.00 to 6th AUGUST (both days inclusive) during which perlod no transfer of Shares can be registered.
By Order of the Board of Directors.
D. C. EDMONDSTON,
Acting Chief Manager Hong Kong, 12th July, 1938.
5.30
2ND DAY
It is certain that the Japanese cannot win; it is equally certain Although nothing is to be done that the tactics of the Chinese will still further deplete Japan's for the moment, it is nevertheless reserves of men and money. traders that some form of reprisal must be thrown into the conflict, thus weakening her power to resist a matter of gratification to British As each month passes, more and more of Japan's regular soldiers
Across the frontier. the enemy which she dreads most of all-Russia. Marshal Bluecher walts and watches, with arms and men enough to wage war unaided against the Japanese Empire.
for Tokyo's disregard of British rights is under consideration.
Over a year of dreadful carnage discovers Japan Achting des- PEPEATED assurances have becla
through diplomatic perately to restore her prestige in the eyes of the world. A power. channels that Japan has not the which the militaristic nations have thought fit to dub second-rate. slightest desire to interfere with without a modern army or a navy worth the name. is gallantly and British or other foreign trading successfully resisting Japan's attack; and it is able to do this because rights in China The facts of a whole people, a united nation, is determined to preserve its culture
the situation and tradition from destruction.
TO INTERFERE?
obtaining in
North China,
however, are
a clear contradiction of these as- THEIR MAJESTIES'
Talk by, Wing-Commander NO DESIRE A.H. Steele Perkins. Demonstration by St. John Ambulance Brigade. Demonstration By St. John Ambulance Brigade. Talk by Wing Commander
A.H. Steele Perkins,
F
6.00 Demonstration by St. John Ambulance Brigade.
On both days models will be exhibited demonstrating the
I
31
surances. With the destruction of Shanghai and the occupation of that city by the Japanese, millions
of pounds of British capital, and
HOLIDAY
London, August T.
The King and Queen and other
LONDON GAZETTE
MONDAY, AUGUST S, 1938. GUNS FOR BRITAIN'S MERCHANT SHIPS
The Rearmament Programme
As part of the rearmament programme the Government. Have taken measures to protect British merchant ships so that should war break out this country would not be deprived of food and war supplies, writes a London correspondent.
The Government has come to an arrangement with shipowners whereby ships will have their decks strengthened for mounting guns. and this measure will apply from now onwards to all liners and tramp steamers.
The plan is being carried out in a manner that will cause' the minimum of inconvenience to the trading and sailings of ships by co-operation between the Admiralty and the shipping companies."
The reconstruction work does not involve much time or exten- sive alteration in the construction of the ships, so that they need not be laid up for long.
CHANGES IN DESIGN
Apart from the actual streng- thening of the deck and frame, in some cases other changes in the design of the ship have to be made to allow for the stowage of the gun, an ample supply of ammuni- tion, and the use of paravanes as a defence against mines
In the case of large liners this will cause little work, but modern tramp steamers are designed with a minimum of waste space, and consequently slight alterations in design will be necessary.
NEW ARMY WEAPONS
Attack By Tanks Behind Smoke
Salisbury, July 22. Navy and Indian Army of- ficers saw the läst stage of the annual demonstrations of new Army weapons on Salisbury Plain recently. The final pro- grammie began with a series of displays of the infantry bat- talion as newly organized, with Its four rifle and one head- quarters companies. The work of its rifle and carrier platoons was explained and these sub- units themselves shown on parade.
All ships being launched from now. onwards will be built with decks strengthened for gun moundings and with stowage, capaelty, and" will" carry
and gun
ammunition.
This part of the demonstration The guns. of which, a number
was given by the 1st Battalion. are now available. are of Gin..
The King's Own Scottish Borcerers. calibre, firing shells of 1001b.
Then the 2nd Battalion. The Mid- The modern method for the de- dlesex Regiment. a machine-gun fence of merchant ships is not battalion, showed one of their being divulged, but more than one platoons on parade and gave a member of the Government, has demonstration of a simple phase recently emphasised the fact that of its work."
the world should know that we are
for prepared
all eventualities should war break out,
The party left Tidworth for Tishead to see something of the work of the 1st Tank Brigade. SPECIAL COURSES
After a lecture by the Brigadier in camp they started out in a Plans for the defence of mer-feet of cars to the head of the chant ships have been under con- Plain, there to see a light tank
sideration
since rearmament was
first decided upon two years ago, section at work clearing the way and for many months Merchant for its company through a defle fire of hostile anti-tank puas. Navy officers have been voluntarily known to be commanded by the undergoing special courses in con-
vor work; defence against zub-Thees guns were sited near the marine attack, methods of dealing spectators' enclosure, which was so with polsen-gas attacks, and anti-arranged that those, inside it could aircraft gunnery.
see no more than the gunner could, All that could be seen were the turrets of two light tanks, just visible over a ridge to the front. In which after the anti-tank gun had fired a round, a smoke screen was put down. When it had cleared the ridge was empty.
Recently new gunnery courses have been started for officers who have been invited to at- tend the courses, and shipping companies have been asked to co-operate with the Admiralty.. These new gunnery courses be-
MURMUR OF TANKS gan in London, Glasgow. South
There was a pause of some Shields, Cardiff, and Hull, and are
minutes, unbroken save by a sub- now in full swing.
dued murmur of tank engines, very Omcers on leave or unemployeddincult to locate, and the ap- are offering themselves" in such numbers that the instructors are Pearance and rapid disappearance at various points in the far dis- kept busy.
tance of light tanks winking their headlights as a signal that they.. were aring at the anti-tank gun. Then a new smoke screen appear. ed on the top of the ridge 200 yards to the left of the gun and
"PASSENGERS
DEPARTED:
#
The following passengers left on grew thicker. Hardly had it begun (Continued from Page 4)
Saturday by the ss. Rawalpindi to clear than a light tank, fring all over and going all out, suddenly a. Wales Bord-Capt. E N. G. for Europe via ports:- Earle to be Mai. (April 1); Sec. Lt. Mr. A. Antunes. Mr. An Hol Ti, burst through the smoke and
W. McL. Barker resigns his Mr. F. Ayres, Mr. J. Arstall. Mr. charged the gun. commn. (July 27).
CLEARING A MINE FIELD ···
trade of still greater value, has members of the Royal Family will. been crippled. Added to this the according to present plans remain currency restrictions introduced by at Balmoral for 10 weeks, and with the Japanese have, been so devised a single exception, the holiday will Word. R.-Sec. Lt. D. A. Turner Bathalha, Mr. F. W. Bell, Mr. and In reply to a criticism made by as to give every hindrance possible be unbroken by, public engage-resigns his commn, (July 27) Mrs. A. A Birth, Mr. S. Bowles, Mr. some who had,seen this same dis-
6179
KUNMING AIR SERVICE RESUMES [HE Undersigned, have received (By Air Mail From Our Chungking
The Chungking-Kunming (Yun- CAPITAL nanfu) air-line of the China Na-
PUBLIC AUCTION.
THEstructions
to sell by
Correspondent)
FOREIGN
4
and Mrs. E. B. Balfour, Mr. J. M.
to foreign trade. Then on the ments. It is hoped that this com- Durham LI-Lt. Col. J. O. CR. Bradley, Mr. C. V. Burrows, Mr. play earlier, that the siting of the Yangtste, once a profitable trading plate holiday will enable Their Hasted, D.S.O., is placed on the h.p. and Mrs. G. Castle, Mr. D. L. Hanti-tank gun was at fault, the water for British merchant ship-Majesties to recover from the try- 1st under the prov. of Art. 494. Callender. Mr. Chia Kwok Yon. gun was shifted to the ridge over methods of protecting the Home, plag, every obstacle has been put ing effects of a busy year.” Royal Warrant for Pay and Pro-Mr. 8. 8. Chin, Mrs. Choo Sto which the charging tank had come house fire appliances, lighting in the way of restoration even in "A considerable part of the King's motion, 1931 (July 27).
Keong and infant, Mr. A. I. Cox, and a second attack was made on of foreign devices, various types of respirathe smallest way,
holiday will be, spent in grouse Rifle Bde.-Lt the Visct. Gar-Mr. H. T. Cummins, Mr. AT. This time it came from the operated shipping services..
Cairncross, Mr. F. 8. Elliott, Mrs. D. other flank, where a valley, "impos- 6125 tors and protective clothing, etc.,
Banks have been closed down in shooting and deer stalkings. As moyle to be Capt. (July 11),'
ROYAL TANK CORPS Falstow, Miss E. Fan, Miss P. Fan. sible for the gun to command from etc..
favour of institutions started by usual, the King will remain close-
Capt. C. L' A. Jackson is restd. to Mra. E Farren, Rev. M. A. Farren, its excellent position, on the crest the Japanese, the railways have ly in touch with affairs of state
Mr. W. FitzGibbon (Jr.), Mrs. Aof the ridge, afforded a covered been reorganised in such a way as during his stay in Scotland, the estabt, (July 28)..
ROYAL ARMY SERVICE CORPS M, Fowler, Mr. Gifford Hull. Mr line of approach. Once again no to freeze out foreign capital, most- (British Wireless).
Capt. D. H. V. Buckle is send. for and Mrs. Harvey, Mr. T. Hall, Mr. one saw the charging tank until` British. The plea of military
exigencies has MR. CHEN CHUNG-FU serv. on the Stan (July 5); Lt. H. and Mrs. Ho Shui Wing. Mr. the smoke cloud came down in M. front of it, a bare 200 yards to tha been advanced
H. Bruton to be Capt. (July-5); Lt. Hobson, Mr. G. Hoggard, FREEZING OUT
Ildefonso,right rear of the gun. The rush for the 00-
Shanghai, August 7.. C. R. A. Schofield to be Capt. (July T. P. Hon. Mr. M. cupation of Mr. Chen Chung-fu. well-known 103; Lt. R. G. M. Bathgate, B.Sc. Lieutenant R. F. Jenks RN, that followed would have taken a Mr. W. A. Jones, Mr. and Mrs, quick hand and a cool head to foreign proper-pro-Japanese politician, who is resigns his commn. (July 27). tional Aviation Corporation, susties, and generally everything that mentioned as the next president ROYAL ARMY ORDNANCE CORPS Kao Shien Ping. Mr. Kao Shou deal if the anti-tank gun were not pended for some time, resumed can be done has been done to con-of the Executive Yuan of the pup-
Condr. J. M. Noble to be. Lt.i. Mr. J. King, Mrs. D. M. Langs-to be overrun before it could get
ton and infant, Mr. F. Lau Hung, off and fire a wild shot: opération on
Finally, the light tank section. The vert North China into a Japanese pet Nanking Government, is ex- (OEO, 3rd C1.) (July 27)," August. 1.
Lieut. H. M. 3. de Lima, Mr. D. schedule provides for planes. to Colony-exclusively Japanese pected here shortly from the south.
ESTABLISHMENTS
Lovejoy, Mr. Paul Lyn, Mr. D. Mac demonstrated a possible method of where his mission for "peace and. leave Chungking on Mondays and trading ground.
Staff Coll. Maj. and Bt. 14. Col Killop, Mr., J. Mendes, Mr.. W. M. clearing an enemy mine field de- unification" yielded no results. TUESDAY, the 9th, AUGUST, 1938 return from Kunming on Tues-
Mr. Chen will also make a trip Galloway, MC, Cameronians, Mitchell. Mr. and Mrs... Ng Tu tected in a definite but unfortun daya.
As soon as the field at Kwelyang. UNDER the circumstances, there-
fore, the Nipponese have no to Japan to interview the Premier, relinquishes the appt. of GS.O. 2nd Cheung, Mr. John Peng, Mr. C. Gate manner by the leading tank Poole, Mr. Por Peng Tiek, Mr. and running right on to it and be- Kwatchow, is repaired this city cause for complaint if arter and the War Minister General Grade (July);
R. Mil. Coll-The follg. Capts. Mrs, F. Roberts, Mr. H. F. Rod-coming a casualty. of such inconsiderate Belshiro Itagaki (International).
relinquish the appt. of Instrs. (Julyriques, Mr. F. J. Rodriques (Jr.), will be included as a calling point. months
The Eurasia Co. la maintaining treatment, action should be taken
24). G. L. Brain. 13 R.FE. BH: Mr. F. R. Rowlands, Mrs. D. W.
24 JAPANESE an aff-line between Chengtu and to bring about. a more satisfactory
Sabine, Mr. M. Sebastião, Mr. P. the situation will be even more F. N. Mitchell, 15th/19th H... Kunming, where connections with state of affairs..
MEMORANDA
Schwartz, Mr. D. Scott, Mr. L Hanel. in Indo China, may be And it may be taken for granted serious for Japan.
that any action taken by the Home Her economic resources are al-Maj. (local Col.) J.L. P. Machair. Sheo, Miss A. M. Steling. Mr. A. made."
Country will be strongly supported ready overtaxed under the treble from R., to be Lt.-Col on the hp. Smith, Mrs. W. Smith and daugh- by the Colonial Empire. There has strain of war. with China, tension list (empla.) (July 16) Cup. ter. Commander A. H. Spurgeon, already been with Soviet Russia and growing (local Maj) W. R. Oulton, A.F.C., Mr. R. C. Stuart, Mr R. Shore, Mr. the most en- boycott abroad. ao Japan may, Cheshire R., relinquishes the local and Mrs. Teixira and 2 children, are anchored of the Kwingtung couraging sup- sooner than expected, decide that rank of Mal, an ceasing to be Mr. R. Thomas, Mr. B. M. Thurbon: coast.-
PUBLIC AUCTION
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At Godown No. 9 of The Hong
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353 BAGS EPSOM SALT
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AUCTIONEERS.
Mr. Chen Chun-pu, members of the Committee of Publicity Depart ment of the Central Government and concurrent member of the Overseas Affairs Commission have arrived in Canton from Hankow
COLONIES WILL GIVE ALL SUPPORT
3
WARSHIPS OFF
KWANGTUNG
Canton August Twenty-four Japanese warships
port for the It will be cheaper in the long run empld, with the RW.AFF (June Mr. R. Wells, Lieut. and Mrs W. Eight casualties resulted when boycott move for her to give up all ideas of the 15): Capt. C. Amold, late RE, re- F. Willoughby and children, Mrs. Japanese warshipe shelled Tokhm on an inspection trip, and will come ment started months ago and now, "China for the Japanese" policy linquishes the rank of Capt, on Wong Han Nan, Miss Wong Chih and Nemon on Friday (Central
enlistment Into the TA(Mar. 30). Chuan to the Colony in a few days.
If the special rights are withdrawn and live and let live.
News).
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