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(6495
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H
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AND 8TRAITS.
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HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, AUGUST 19, 1937.
Struggle For Dominance In
Dangers of the Situation Man Who May Check Japan's Ambitions-Growing Strength of Chinese Government
H
C
North China
military demands, withdrawal from the area concerned and a formal apology from the army concerned, The Chinese are very civilised and will see the correctitude of apologising for their original mis- But the entry of political demands makes a settlement mare difficult to achieve.
China and Japan are now in- volved in the most serious crisis that has disturbed their relations since the seizure of Manchuria by by Japan in 1931, writes a corres- pondent in the "Morning Post" The peace of the Far East hangstake. by little more than the proverbial thread, but I think the thread will survive the strain.
Each country knows pretty well what it wants, but equally, so each understands that these objects are not attainable by war between them they understand that that way les disaster, for it would be one of those wars without a real vietor, only two vanquished. Japan could defeat but not conquer China, and would ruin herself in the process.
On the face of it the demand for "Sino-Japanese co-operation in Communist suppress" is harmless enough. Actually It is execedingly. dangerous and would be, equivalent to "sowing dragon's teeth" as the Chinese would say. This demand has been put forward in every crisis in North China in the past. two years, and there have been plenty of crises. Communism is the bogy of the Japanese Army. The start of the present trouble Japan has the political soil in was typical of the many little Sino-which it could grow and take deep Japanese dust-ups" there have root given a chance. been in North China in the last five years. Each side blames the other, and the real truth of It will probably never be known.
There
*
a certain amount of Communism in China, but it is mot at home there, is under control, | and must disappear as Nauking's influence extends more and more to the four corners of a country which, it must be remembered, is larger than the whole of Europe. The Japanese Army fear it will extend to North China from West China and then to Manchukuo and Japan.
"
General "Sang Chen-Yuan, former- Chairman of the Hopeh-Chahar
Council in Peiping.
gotiations; always charming, al- ways friendly, but giving nothing away. Japanese influence in North China has been steadily de- clining in the past two years, and the reason for this is General Bung Cheh-yuan. He has so far saved North China for Nanking.
The Japanese Army simply be- have in China as they would at home. Their proverb, though they" do not know it. 13, "When in Rome do exactly as the Japanese
But still it is with him that the would do at home." Manoeuvres
Japanese will negotiate, if nego- In the streets of Peking at mid-
tiations are possible, for they have night, frightening thousands of
been even Jess successful in ignorant people out of their lives:
diplomacy in Nanking. They pre- practice bayonet charges from the The demand for co-operation | fer to make arrangements with a Glacis of the Legation Quarter would mean that Japanese troops local authority possible. If this through the streets and through the would be free to forage all over course is followed and Nanking busy Tung An market crowded | North China, and that would mean agrees to it, then peace can "be with buyers and sellers--these ac- that that section of the country | maintained. Nanking cen regard tivities of Japanese soldiers in a would automatically become a foreign land happen so often that Japanese protectorate. the amazing thing is that explo- slong such as the present do not happen twice a week.
Japan has threatened to invade North China several times, notably in 1933, when her troops trom Jehol went to within 12 miles of Peking; and in 1035, when, at
it as a local incident and leave it to General Sung, who can be trusted in these negotiations,
China refuses to agree to mill- tary co-operation with Japan in Certain it is that long before suppressing Communism. not be- any vital concessions in North cause she does not want it sup- China are given away China can pressed, but because she feels cap-be in a suficiently strong position able of doing it herself and "be- to bang the conference table and cause she does not want Japanese | call a halt to. Japanese aggression troops running all over the place. in China and know that she is in They run far enough as it is, doing a position to stop it, for China
But China, too,(must watch-ber
at General Dolhara's behest, so under the terms of the Boxer Japanese troops from Manchuria | protocol. which for all other coun- massed at all passes in the Great tries is now largely a dead letter. Wall range of mountains.
Therefore, when the Japanese troops appear out of the blue and hold midnight manoeuvres under the noses of the Chinese garrison
Llukouchiao
Polo (Marco
at
bridge), is it to be wondered at f shots are fired?
眼
step if more serious trouble is to besvolded. Chinese national pride "is a very real thing to-day. As a
nation China is stronger than she ever has been since the revolution and for a good while before it. The day of the Chinese umbrella- soldier is past. ́ China has a large and comparatively well-trained and equipped army and a capable air force. The country as a whole is behind the Government, especially in an international crisis,
That also is how truces, when made, are often broken. The pro- verbial placidity of the orientals is something of a myth. They are much less phlegmatic and much more excitable than, for instance,
If vast numbers of troops are the English. A chance noise at
sent towards North China by Gen- night and the firing is on again.
поте eral Chiang Kai-shek, the The question which now has to be answered ts-Have things gone
has dangers inherent in it and too far to prevent a peaceful set-
may get out of control. But I do not think that Chiang Kai-shek tlement by negotiation? I do not mean too far in the military sense,
wants to fight-now. . Ten years hence he may want to fight Japan, but too far for diplomatle settle-
but not to-day. He 'ment. Are the demands of the
is probably Japanese too strong to allow nego-moving troops to indicate to Japan that if she is aiming at making tiations to start and finish suc-
North China a second Manchukuo cessfully?
she must this time fight a real war to achieve it.
:
It must be remembered that the question of "face" is more impor- tant to the Japanese than to the
The remaining factor__is__the Chinese. Chinese "face" always Hopeh-Chahar Counell, a body permits of a compromise which which, while owing allegiance to may be described as "Afty-nity:" Nanking. Is semi-independent. It that is one of the charms of the Was formed when Japanese in- Chinese and one of the reasons Duence in North China was at its why their civilisation has endured height nearly three years ago and [5492 and is still very much alive after at a time when China was in no 4,000 years. Japanese Army "face," position to resist the Japanese de- however, always requires more as- mand that Nanking influence be suagement. A "Afty-alty" com-expunged from North China. POSTPONED promise would" be regarded as far more
General Sung Chen-yuan, a cap- "Nanking, Aug. 17: The Seventh equivalent to defeat; National Athletic Meet scheduled than that is required on their part. able and shrewd soldier, has head- The Japanese are likely to pressed the Council, but he has been to be held bere in the Central
the demands they have made. Itá Stadium on October 19th, has been
sore disappointment to
SEVENTH NATIONAL
ATHLETIC MEET
postponed indefinitely in view of the present national crisis. The decision was reached at a meeting of the preparatory committee to- day--Central New.
"LANTERN" STUDY MEETING
•
•
the
will not be found dimeult to get Japanese Army. He has been the the Chinese to agree to the purely perfect passive resister in all ne-
RADIO PROGRAMMES Charics
(Continued from Page 4)
To-night the second of the Theosophical Lantern Study Meet- by Mr. Jacques Kayser. 2.10 p.m. ings will take place. Those wish-Life in Paris by Mr. Henri Bellamy 20th Aug., 1937, will be subject to ing to attend (and registration in 2.20 p.m. Gramophone Records Bent.
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11
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