Feeling "Run Down!"
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1936.
DIESEL MOTORS ACHIEVE A RECORD
A Nonstop Flight From Dessau To Bathurst
GERMAN
AERIAL ACHIEVEMENT
An important stage in the development of air transporta- tion was reached on August 22-23 when the bl-motored express plane of the German Lufthansa, the Junkers Ju 86 "Bueckeberg" equipped "with two Junkers heavy oll Jamo 205 mators, made a non-stop flight from Dessau to Bathurst on the west coast of Africa, a distance of 3594 miles. Grenter distances have been flown before, but the special significance of this fight lies in the fact that it marks the introduction of heavy oll motors into the fleld of long distance flying and proves that they are equal to and in many ways superior to the petrol motors hitherto used.
This fight was not undertaken tor the purpose of establishing a
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provide a thorough technical test for body construction and motor under the changing conditions of a long endurance fight. For this reason speclak construction fea- tures or equipment were not re- sorted to, and except for the ne- cessary auxillary fuel tanks a standard plane and moters were used.
THE ROUTE
. The route of the gon-stop fight made by the Junkers Ju 84.
This by no means marks the Arst attempt to utilise this type of plane and motor in air trans- portation since the German Luft- hansa placed a number of Ju 88 planes equipped with Jumo 205 motors in its summer service in 1938. The experiments in short distance aying were satisfactory in every respect and the Jumo 205 motors proved to be extremely efficient, requiring less fuel per mile per horse-power than the Detrol motors commonly in use. This, coupled with the fact that fuel of is considerably cheaper than petrol, constitutes a decided advantage from the point of view, ör operation costs. The continu- satisfactory performance of the heavy oil"motors over shorter routes encouraged the officials to try them out for long distance
Qus
flying.
TECHNICAL FACTS ABOUT PLANE The Ju 88 plane, which is the product of long years of experi- ment and research, is "an all-me- tal 'low-winged monoplane the type in which. Junkers has been specialising for about 20 years the oily difference being that the Ju 88 is covered with smooth plates instead of the usual cor- rugated steel covering. The spe- sal "double wing" safety device common to Junkers planes is em- ployed on the Ju 88. The central part of the wing is built into the body of the plane and the entire fusilage can be used as room for cargo or passengers since the mo- tors are contained in the wings. The landing chassis is retractable into the under part of the wings in order to lessen wind resistance. A cabin with accommodations for ten passengers as well as space for luggage and separate control and wireless rooma are provided in the cockpit of the plane, but for the long flight to Africa all unneces- sary equipment was removed and extra fuel tanks placed in the fuselage.
THE HEAVY OIL MOTOR
往
der the fight, disturbed the radio reception considerably. The Alps were crossed, at a helgt of 2200 metres and the flight continued without event towards the South, Barcelona and Valencia being passed during the "night The motors were running smoothly When the. Spanish-Moroccon const was reached. Here, the auxiliary Tuel tanks were brought into ser. vice in order that any rough wen- ther encountered over Africa might not cause delay in time or 1088 of fuel. The fight over Africa was partly carried out over a thick ceiling of clouds. Con- stant communications were main- tained with the French stations as well as with the Graf Zeppelin, which was on its return voyage to Germany at the time.
The plane landed at Bathurst The Jumo 205 motors were exactly 20 hours after taking off. first installed in aeroplanes sève- The fuel tanks stilf contained 1250 ral years ago. It must be cm-
litres of all, which would have been phasized. however, that aero-suffelent for another 7-8 hours of planes were not designed and constructed for these motore, but that they were merely installed In planes which had been origin.. ally built for petrol motors. For this reason it cannot be said that the Jumo 205 motor had been in- troduced into the regular service, since it was only on trial, so to speak
In the case of the Ju 86, how- ever, the conditions are funda- mentally different. Here. for the first time, a plane was designed and constructed upon the basis of the experience gained during the long trial period, and it was espe- cially planned for heavy all mo- tors. Although the designing of a plane for Jumo 205 motors did not vary radically from "that of a plane using petrol motors, it is nevertheless natural that when the motor is taken into considera- tion in the construction of the plane and not merely installed into a body originally designed for another type of motor, better general results can be expected.
Although the ratio between weight and horse-power 0.86 kilo- grammes per horse-power› is greater than that of a water-cool- ed petrol motor of the same strength, the efficiency of the Jumo 205 is nevertheless greater after a certain distance has been covered because less fuel is re- quired. Beyond this distance an aeroplane equined with the Junio 205 motor can carry a greater use- ful load than an aeroplane equip- ped with a petrol motor, the total distance covered, being in each case the "samo, Or, if the useful load remains the same, the flying radius increases in proportion.
flying. The consumption for the entire trip was about 3200 litres or an average of 160 litres per hour. The average flying speed was 270 kilometres per hour: The return fight, which began at Dakar since heavy rains had rendered the Bat- hures aviation field unsuitable for the take-off of a heavily-laden plane, was completed without in- cident.
This flight has provided ample proof of the serviceability and ef- felency of the heavy-oll motors for long distance flying. Of stil! greater importance is the high de- free of reliability of this type of motor and the fact that it requires little attention or adjustment. This flight was carried out in con- nection with the preparationis be- ing made by the German Luft- hansa for increasing the speed of the transatlantic service to South America and has proved that in
the
Ju 88 plane equipped with Junkers heavy-oll motors a plane capable of overcoming the many difficulties encountered on non-stop flights has been develop- el:-7'ransocean (By Mail).
long
JASPER CLARK
CUP
A. E. Lissaman Runner-Up
The the for the prize as runner- up in the recent Jasper Clark Cup Competition at Fanling, was won by A. E. Lesaman with a score of 78 against Dr L Newton's 77.
The Jumo 205 is a two-stroke. twin-piston motor weighing 520 kilogrammes and generating 600 horse-power. It operates on the
We gather from the Itallan Diesel principle and thus possesses
Marshal's recent book that neither carburettor nor electrical Abyssinia is where the Italian ignition system. "The Junkers soldiers went to practise the art heavy-ofl motor is thus free of all | of self defence, the weaknesses which result from the complicated systems of car- buration and ignition as well as from the adjustment of the val- veg, Due to the higher compres- sion a higher percentage of fuel emciency can be obtained, or in other words, a dennite level of performance can be reached with a minimum amount of fuel. The Junkers' heavy-oil motors are the only Diesel motors in the world which are in use in the regular. air service. More than 20 years ago the task of adapting the Die- sel principle to the aeroplane mo- tor was begun at the Junkers works and the heavy-oil motor of to-day is the result of this long. constant process of development.
TWENTY-HOURS FLIGHT
The plane, Ju 88, took off on August 22nd at 9.35 p.m., its flying weight being 9800 kilogrammes. In addition to a crew of three. It carried 4450 litres of fuel oll. sufficient lubricating oil and a complete wireless equipment. Foi- lowing a run of 450 metres. the heavily laden plane rose easily Into the air, the landing gear was drawn into the wings and the course aet for Geneva and Sou- them "France." Thunder
storms were encountered over Switzerland which, although they did not hin-
BEAUTY AND STRENGTH
14
The Junkers Ju 86 in filght.
$
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