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HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 1936.
ENGLAND'S EMPIRE
EMPIRE POLICY
BUILDING OF WORLD-WIDE
COMMONWEALTH
Principles Of British Character
question
WES
Why did England want an Empire? This admirably answered by Sir Charles Lucas, an expert in the history of colony-building.“Find the answer," he wrote, "in the annals of the reign of Elimbeth before there was any British Empire at all. Because the English sucked in the instinct of maritime enterprise with their mother's milk, because they identified such enterprise--and rightly-with freedom and national life, because they were human and found that it paid, because they were growing and meant to grow, because "they were English 'and loved to have it so."
eighteen
how he succeeded in months' time in giving to the Sudan a thorough and complete organisation is impossible to un- derstand. Land, settlement, land tenure, inheritance, registration. irrigation, mining regulations, mar- kets, law, and procedure were all settled on a thorough and business- like basis." It was a Napolecnic miracle of administrative energy, by which the Sudanese natives bencat to this day.
HORRORS OF THE PAST Innumerable instances could be given of the success achieved by strong and just personalities in administering Colonial possessions for the benefit of the natives. Sir Frank Swettenham's work in Malaya and Sir. F. Lugard's in Nigeria are plcturesque examples. In both cases the induence of native rulers, no longer allowed to tyrannise, has been turned to good account. The horrors of the past and legality combined. is thein Malaya, the requisitioning of
The great Chartered Companies. | pcople are abiding; and the British which laid the foundations of a conception of freedom, as liberty world-wide Commonwealth, were always on friendly terms with their native clients and never oppressed those who came under their con- trol, writes Sentinel in the "Morn- Ing Post."
was
For example, the Hudson Bay Company, of which Prince Rupert was the first Governor, set a stan- dard of fair dealing in its relations. with the Red Man, a dangerous and difficult type. which maintained when Canada took over the vast territories called Rupert's Land. The
Indian Treaties then signed and sealed have always been faithfully obser- ved. with the result that the horrors of Indian warfare have
never Canadian North-West. In the United States, on the other hand, the Indian tribes were always ruthlessly moved on as soon as the lands reserved for them became so valuable as to be coveted by the white settlers. In the wars of ex- termination provoked by .such breaches of what should have been a sacred trust, the white forces were sometimes defeated when Custer's command was anhl-
been experienced in the
a peasant's wife and daughters by any petty chief, in Nigeria the im- palement of innocent victims in the market-place--- have eliminated. The peasant дот warks because at last he can en-
been
FAMILY
SQUABBLE
Husbands Use Choppers And Poles
t
SLIGHT INJURIES
A fight that originated from a small matter and later developed into an affray with bamboo poles and choppers, occupied the atten- tion of Mr. W. Schoñeld' at the
Mak Shun 26, married woman, Central Magistracy yesterday when
Kan Cheung, 32, married woman, Leung Min, 48, unemployed, and Chan Chin, 30, unemployed, ap- peared, on a charge of disorderly behaviour.
The two women were aned $2 each, and the men $25 or one month's imprisonment each, the Bench viewed their behaviour
23
as serious. All the accused 'were in addition bound over in personal bonds of $50 each for a year.
Acting Sub-Inspector C. S. Madg- wick stated that the first and fourth defendants were husband and wife, and the second and third were also husband and wife. The trouble commenced when the
basis of all social relations. ""The Ave free self-governing Dominions of the Empire," wrote Dr. J. A. Macdonald, of Toronto, "are to-day to the Motherland like the Ave fingers of a great hand. They are all free; they are vitally related,joy the fruits of his labour. and they close towards the palm." This great hand took Germany by the throat, and who
st can doubt that any other enemy of "this British League of Nations will feel the same grip? Let us leave it at that!
It
USAGES OF FREEDOM The same motives which brought about the abolition of slavery led to the development of a new native policy. The freed slave had to be taught the usages of freedom. became a principle of British Colonial administration, through- out an Empire containing sh amazing variety of racial types. that the welfare of native popula- tions should be its main objective. India, of course, is the most strik- Ing demonstration “urbi et orbi" of the successful application of (e...this principle. Before the establish-
hilated) and many unprotected settlers were massacred,
ment of the British Raj that vast country, a veritable museum of has over 220 distinct vernaculars). races. religions, and languages (it
was constantly ravaged by war pestilence. and famine, and there was no help for the "ryot" in dis- tress.
To-day peace, order, toler- ance, and the
01 beginnings hygiene are maintained by a handful of overworked civilians,
Wherever in Africa the Germans have "co-operated in the work of civilisation." to use an old phrase they have recently revived, the natives would forcibly oppose their return as overlords. When Loine, the capital of Togoland, was cap tured in the first week of the War, large whips were found in all the bungalows occupied by German officials and
their subordinates. These painful implements were kept for lace in the Public Works of ten. Department in neatly tied bundles
Everywhere where Rome was not. everything which Rome could never be. the British Empire has
accused was hanging some clothes up to dry, and the wash- ing fell on Kan Cheude. The two women quarrelled, and their hus- bands joined in with bamboo poles and choppers. Luckily no serious damage was done. Kan and Chan received slight injuries on the fingers of their left hands, and the Arst defendant had some bruises on her back, from being struck with the poles
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SURPRISE ARREST ON STAIRWAY
POSSESSION OF
17,400 HEROIN PILLS
Surprised in the early hours of
SCHOOL the morning with heroin pills in
MAN NOW BEHIND BARS
found solitudes and changed them THEFT FROM Under its mild and sympathetic Into lands of peace and plenty.
rule native populations have more than doubled, and their wealth has Increased seven-fold. We can turn against those who would destroy
necessities of the peasant in India the Empire their own political catchwords. Sp
"do much
the
and elsewhere dictate the course of Imperial policy that a reason- able form of the "dictatorship of the proletariat" can be said to have been established there. And do we not give to the native ac- cording to the needs and take from
when the responsibilities of gov- ernment can be shared?
his hand, Li Chi Tak was arrested at No. 19, Spring Garden Lane by R. O. Ward and brought before Mr. S. F. Balfour at the Central Court yesterday charged with the possession of 17,400 herola pilis.
R. O. Ward stated that on Sep Father Dalmasso was the com-
tember 1, he was proceeding up plainant against Wong Kau, 23,
the stairs at the address in pitch before Mr. W. Schofield at the
darkness, when the door at the Central Court yesterday, when Wong was charged with the lar top of the stairs opened and in the through, the defendant was seen with a bag in from the St. Louis Industrial
his hand. He was arrested and in School, Third Street.
the bag were found 12.000 heroin Traffic Sergeant Wass stated that
pkls Another 5,400.pills found on defendant was first arrested at the gate by the complainant. De-defendant as his property.
the premises were claimed by the
Defendant was sentenced to six- months' hard labour.
and an army which seems at Arst him according to his capacity, Ceny of a quantity of iron bars light which
sight utterly inadequate..
The history of British colony building contains no such blood- stained pages as the record of the Spanish conquistadores and their successors in the Americas, where millors of aborigines perished- miserably in the mines and various forms of forced labour. The French were always humane over- lords, but Netherlands settlers at the Cape, before we annexed it as
The welfare of the million the half-way house to Indis, treat-
villages in this huge peninsula is ed, the Kafirs with calculated
the chief consideration of the con- cruelty. Spain and the old trolling authority, whose example pioneering Holland inflicted the
has been followed by the client most horrible tortures on native Princes (the Roman term comes in leaders, who merely spoke against aptly enough). The inarticulate their policy of systematic oppres-
peasant is really the dictator of all sion. The English, who always the measures now being taken to hated cruelty, never used such solve the new economic problems methods of terrorism. One of the arising out of the huge increase in reasons which justified the South population, which threatens to African War, essentially a struggle turn India into a vast agricultural for the British conception of free-slum.
It is impossible to convince dom, was the unwillingness of the
the foreigner, who expects an over- Boers to recognise the right of
seas possession to pay a definite natives to be humanely treated dividend in revenue or trade pro- This point of view is still a factor fits, that we do not make a penny- In South African politics, and it piece out of India. It is so, how- might possibly prevent the solu-ever, and the stay-at-home Briton tion of the pressing native problem has no excuse for rict knowing how on. British ines.
and by whom the innumerable India have been
HUMANITARIAN DOCTRINE problems
of
SEDITIOUS LITERATURE IN JAPAN
CONTROL LAW TO APPLY IN TOKYO'S COLONIES
literature.
The law for control of seditious
enacted army discipline and as a means of to improve
curbing such movements as the one which brought the February 26 revolt, is to be applied to Ja pan's colonies as well as to Japan Proper, it was learned in Tokyo re-
cently.
fendant asked Father Daimasso for a chit to And work. While the Father was writing the chit. the defendant ran away. Com- plainant caught him and while at the
telephone, the defendant
again ran away. This time he was arrested by Sergeant Wass.
Three months' hard labour was Imposed.
UNREGISTERED MUI TSAI
Chinese Woman
Fined
came
TRAFFIC MISHAPS
WAS
Chal Tal. 55, and Chi Sau-chun, 36, were admitted to the Govern ment Civil Hospital on Tuesday. The first named
knocked down by a lorry in Queen Victoria Street, and the second "by a, lorry Bonham Strand. "Another woman. Yuen Chol. 33. of 33 Sha.. Po Road, was knocked down by a car in Prince Edward Road and was taken to hospital'
MAN DISCHARGED Wu Lang-shi, wife of the son of discharged when he appeared on Ma Ping Sang, 35, cookboy, was the late Mr. Woo Hay-tong. living remand before Mr. W. Schofield at at No. 9, Seen Keen Street, was charged before Mr. W. Schofield charged with the larceny of a
the Central Police Court yesterday" yesterday with having failed to re-diamond set watch, the property port the change of address of of Mrs, F. S. Muggall, residing at registered mui tsai, Lal Kwun-yuk, No. 266. The Peak aged 15,
Mr. D. 8. Curtis represented the defendant.
It was in England that humani- peacefully solved. It is largely a tarian doctrine became an effectriumph of kindly personal con- tive force. being treed there, and tact. "Instinctive love of justice there only, from revolutionary and fair play," wrote Professor H and anti-religious ideas. Warmly E. Egerton in his classic treatise
The Cabinet decided to make supported by the Nonconformist on "British Colonial Policy in the the law operative in Korea, For bodies, and to a less extent by the Twentieth Century," "sense
of mosa, Karafuto, the Kwantung Established Church, it concentrat- humour, absence of pomposity. Leased Territory and the South ed on the abolition of slavery, dislike of red tape, keenness for an Manchuria Railway zone, though that had been pronounced open-air life, and untiring energy. Enforcement of the law was an by Statute as "very advantageous in the fulfilment of the allotted
important part of the military law to the nation.” The slave trade task-these are the qualities which
period here following the February was abolished in 1807 within the
have Justified Lord Rosebery's re-incident: Since lifting of martial Himits of British sovereignty, and
mark that the.. British Empire law. police officials have been in- slavery in 1833, and this purely rests on men.""
structed to philanthropic step was far in ad- In most cases these unselfish a'd-
suppress rigidly all
Inspector H. W. Fraser stated literature of seditious nature. vance of foreign opinion. The fact ministrators have not signed their
that the girl was seen by the It was reported here that Prof. Lady Inspectors. "Her address had that we carried out such a far- work, so to speak. They hate Shinkichi Minema, 64-year-old in- been reaching moral reform in time given a new application to George structor at the Tokyo University Road. A visit to this address was given as No. 25 Kennedy would alone justify the continual Eliot's words: "The growing good of Commerce, was questioned by made but the neighbours informed existence of the British Empire. of the world is partly dependent the censorship section of the sethe Inspector that the inmates had "It is terrible to reflect," wrote on unhistoric acts, and that things cret service department of the removed. Dr. Inge, "what might have hap- are not so ill with you and me as
The girl was subse- police board. It was alleged that quently traced. pened if slavery had not been they might have been is half owing he abolished before the partition of to the number who lived faithfully copies of a letter written by the girl was one of the 800 mul taal distributed mimeographed Inspector Fraser added that the Africa among the Great Powers, a hidden life and rest in unvisited late
Sub-Lieutenant Bachiro still untraced. The whole of the Dark Continent | tombs.” But here and there Hayashi, one
of the officers 'ex-· Defendant was fined $20. names emerge of men whose true ecuted for his part in the Feb- greatness is as yet unknown to theruary incident. majority of their countrymen
to the
might have become & gigantic slave farm, with consequences to the social and economic condition of Europe itself which cannot be calculated." It is conceivable that a European war on the lines of North v. South in America might bave been required to settle the moral issue.
The case was referred procurators' office but Minema was not detained.
ST. ANDREW'S WOLF CUBS
Pro1.
Kitchener of Khartum is famous as a soldier-perhaps "mere clerk," as he himself is supposed to have said, in comparison with Roberts, unquestionably a com- mander of genius-who at the last The progress and prosperity, both fell among politicians. But how material and spiritual, of the few remember the great adminis- Dominions provide a remarkable trative girts which enabled him to tribute to the far-sighted wisdom i rebuild the Budan after the all- St. Andrew's Wolf Cub pack, of British Colonial policy. The destructive regime of the Mabat. numbering 26 boys, held their first inscription on our coins. "All the which left bum a cleared site to meeting of the new season sester- Britain," is justified in every way. build an? "He neglected nothing" | day. Miss. F. Wong is in charge. Parliamentary institutions have says the historian, "he dealt with of the Pack and is assisted by Miss taken root and flourish there; the every concalvable' 'subject, and [1. L, Woolley.
Mr.
the watch broken and thinking it The defence was that he found
was useless, threw it away.
Mr. Schofield discharged defendant-
TRESPASSING
the
imposed on Wong Ching Shu by. A fine of $3 or three days was
Mr. S. F. Balfour at the Central Court yesterday on a charge of Kennedy Road married quarters. trespassing on Military land at the
Lance-Corporal Dillon was. complainant.
PERSONAL PARAGRAPHS
the
Lawrence Siberated, -21),
Mrs. W. R. N. Andrews, wife of ornithologist of San Francisco will Mr.W. RN. Andrews, of the arrive in the Colony to-morrow by Supreme Court and their daughter the ss. General Perling.
Mr. and Mrs. A. MacKenzie, Joan, returned to the Colony after British-Canadian, arrived on Sepahoilday of six weeks in Tängtau. tember 7, 1938 and are staying at They returned by the Butterfield the Hong Kong Hotel for a week.
and Swire vessel Yunnan They are accompanied by Mr. A. A Bormely, an American, and Mr. V. Desborough, an Englishman.
Mrs. Bunje, wife of Mr. Bunje, of the AP.C. was also a passenger on this motor vessel