Page
M
JUNGLE INTO DOCKYARD
Many Changes
London, April 6.
THE ARMY
Chief Of The Imperial
General Staff
London, April 6.
It was announced in Parila- Field-Marshal Sir Archibald ment recenty that 'so far ap-Montgomery-Massingberd leaves the proximately £5,500,000 nas" beer. Army Council to-day and will be spent аль the Singapore naval | succeeded to-morrow by General bast and that before the Sir Cyril Deverell as Chief of the work is completed three years Imperial General Staff,
hence another £3.500,000 will be needed. With such 3 gigantic £9.000.000 venture in hand. 13 will be realised that Singapore is fast changing in character.
Sir Archibald Montgomery- Massingberd leaves 10 months be- fore normal time, for he was made First Military Member of the Coun- cil in February, 1933: He succeed- ed Field-Marshal Lord Milne, who carried out the mechanization ex- periments and laid the foundation for the development work of his successor. To Sir Archibald Morit-
debt gomery Massingberd a his share in the new organization gratitude is due from the Army for and equipment as commander of the 1st Division at Aldershot and General Officer Commanding-in-
of
Chief, Southern Command, as well
The island, set at the southern- most point of the continent of Asla. has long had ถ certain. strategic Importance for Great Britain, but is Stamford Raffles thought mure of its commercial possibil.les when he founded the city, and it was on commercial Ilnes that Singapore developed until ten or twelve years ago. To- day the vast entrepo: trade which supplies the thousand islands of the Malayan archipelago, con- His record in France was bound tinues disturbed only by piece up with the achievements of the good quotas and import restric-Fourth Army, whose Chief of Staff tlor's the Netherland Indles: he was, and he was made C.B.. but" to the world at large Singa KCMG, and major-general re- pore has ceased to be one of the great trading posts of the Empire and has become more famous for Its forfications, its naval base. and its air defence system...
in
"SPECIAL 'AREAS"
as C.I.G.S.
·
ceived the Legion of Honour (two classes), the French War Cross, and the American Distinguished Service Medal. Later he became K.C.B., G.C.B.. and A.D.C. General to the King: He reached supreme rank in the Army last June. Dur-
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS SATURDAY, APRIL 25, 1936.
ENGINEERING AND BUILDING
SHENSI RECORDS
PROGRESS IN ROAD-BUILDING
1
Installation Of Telephone Network
Sian, April 15-Following the heels of reports about natural catastrophes and communist depredations besetting Shensi, a re- port has been released describing the noticeable strides scored in this province in the field of communications highway and telephonic.
ܪܙ
Through the assistance pledged by the National Economic Council, the Shemsi provincial government has, completed 1,300 kllometers of public roads and a 7.200-11 rural telephone network. Orders for materials for the installation of seven long-distance telephone lines have also been placed while the remaining sections of the highway
nerwork are gradually being moved towards completion.
Such progress achieved in these times of hardships is not without its significance. Politically, it will
-
SPORTS GROUND
ROLLER
"The conditioning of the grass in Buorta grounds, playing fields, &c.. Las generally been considered to be a matter of frequent rolling. without taking into account the weight of the roller Recent In- vestigation has. however, shown that there is only a narrow range In which rolling can be effective. too greut & pressure compacting the soft too much and too littla leaving it too loose. It a roller with a low total weight is used the pressure can still be too great the roling' width is narrow. Messrs. Aveling-Barford, Limited. pasang through Chienhsten and rention to grass rolling and have Grantham, have given special at- Langasten, in west Shens. Bus now developed a roller known as service nas been operating along the "Barford Y6." which weighs
ne ne since last May,
width of 35 cwt. and has an effective rolling
giving a rolling pressure of ap- 6 ft. the combination proximately 55 lb. width, which is the correct load to
per inch
ensure flattening without Inter- fering with growth. The weight is distributed pressures per inch
so as to give equal
of width
front roll, which is divided, has a both the front and rear rolls. The total width of 2 ft. 7 in and s Shensi. Trial rolls are 2 ft.. 9 in. in diameter run along the line has been satis- and are each 24 in. wide with factorily carried since last March. apace of 231 in: between It serves as the main route from that is, they overlap the Shens to Honur,
track by 37 in. on each side.
CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINE
2. The Hanchung Ningchiang highway, 170 kilometers, passing through Paechen, Mieghisten, and Ningchiang to Chipankwap, along the Shensi Szechwan
border. Bridges along the line remain to be completed. This being done, Stan and Chengtu will be linked
up.
3. The Stan-Chingtzukwan high way, 270 Ellometers, passing
of.
an
the latest changes have made, outing his service he was the principal / help bring the local government through、 Shanghsien and Shang- diameter of 2 ft. 6 in. The rear
In the centre of Singapore, town little effect. The Army have buila General Staff Officer of the 4th large areas of new barracks, and Division, I Army Corps, Fourth some of the elevated spots on the Army, Army of Occupation on the island. formerly popular for even-Rhine, and the British Army, as ing excursions, have been enclosed well as Deputy Chief of the Stan by the War Office, and forbidding in India. He was educated at
buildings erected
Charterhouse and at Woolwien. inside barbed wire. These have become VACANCIES FOR COMMISSIONS "special areas" and may not be photographed. and the artist painting an Eastern sunset from one of these hills would be suspect by the military,
brick
The War Office announces that 30 vacancies for commissions in the
Cavalry. Royal Artillery, Infantry. and Royal Tank Corps of the Regular Army will be available for It is outside the day that the competition at the examination to Services have wrought the greatest be held in June next for candidates changes; there is a spaelous Royal from among officers of the Supple- Artillery-Royal Engineers canton-mentary Reserve and the Territori- ment at Changi which an earlier al Army In addition, a limited generation of Singapore merchans number of vacancies for the Indian remember as the most popular army may be available. Success- bathing beach of the island, and
ful candidates, provided they have
་
at Seletar, formerly a smail fishing | attained the age of 21 years, will vilage looking, cut to the Straits be appointed on or about August of Johore, the Royal Air Force 28. station has been built, with the great naval base only a few miles away.
for
Although turbaned Sikh police constables with rifles guard the entrances to the naval base, It is not difficult to "secure permission to inspect the works in progress, the ato.tude of excessive secrecy which surrounded the Ser- vicę activity in Singapore a few years ago has largely passed. Out of an area which was once jungle and mangrove, swamp, engineers have carved a modern aval dock- yard. so that here at Seletar one might momentarily imagine the surroundings werd Portsmouth or Devonport. There is the floating dock which came out from England several years ago and is used by warships of the China squadron whenever they are stationed at Singapore, and the dry dock, the biggest east of Guez, has now also been made ready to receive war- ships.
Besides these two docks, the man features of the naval base, there .arc stores, basins, and amalier docks and quays.
It will eventually be possible to re-equip even the biggest battleship afloat. but at present the base is used for minor repairs to the ships of the
In order to be eligible to sit for the examination, which will be the same as the pussing-out examina- tion for cadets at the Royal Mili- tary
College (with additional papers for candidates for the Royal Artillery), candidates must have reached the age of 20 years "six months by July 1, 1936. and be under 25 on September 1, 1936; have completed 18 months com- missioned service in the Supple- mentary Reserve or the Territorial Army; and have been attached to a unit of the Regular Army and have been recommended as a result of such. attachment. Full particu lars of this method of entry to the Regular Army may be obtained from the Under-Secretary of State (S.D.3.a.), the War Office, London. S.W.1.
CAVALRY BRIGADE CHANGES
closer with the provincial regime. Militarily. the network of tele- phones and highways will faci Utate the mobilization of troops bandit- and will accelerate the suppression movement now waging in north Shens.. Economically, 16
hood of the peasants. will assist in improving the livell-
DIO-
RECURRENT FAMINE The reason which has prompted the Shensi authorities to concen-
rate their reconstruction gramme on developing commun. cations is que primarily to the re- current famines and the "Red" disturbances. To prevent the risc of further 1ammes and banditry, the, province has, therefore, laid Its stress On communication re construction.
main 2.5
Aside from the Stan-Lanchow and the Sian-Hanchung nighways which were built under the super- vision of the National Economic Council
trunk-lines through the Northwest, the Shensi provincial government has direct- ed its efforts towards the comple- on of Ave roads which form the most
communication arteries inside the province. These
are:
important
i. The Fenghsiang - Maluchen highway,
kilometers long,
120
nan, in southeast
4. The Hanchung-Feiho highway. 450 kilometers, following the course of the Han River in south Stensl Long-distance buses are now running between Harchung and Hanyl. 160 kilometers long. The remaining section completed in May.
will
them. front
The construction of the machine. is notable for the extent to which electrle welding has been employ- re. The rolled-steel frame Is. in be the main, welded at the joints and the rolls are also welded. Casti 600 kilometers, stretching from plates so as to be renewable. The 5. The Hanyang-Yulin. highway, iron hubs are bolted to the und south to north Shenal. Present steering fork and forecarriage are terrupted by "Red" disturbances are universally articulated so than construction work is, however, in- formed of rolled-steel plate and in the northern part.
tapid and accurate steering TELEPHONE SERVICE
possible over, uneven ground. The steering is by means of a hand- The telephone service in Shens! wheel through irreversible worm has also achieved, gratifying im gear. The engine is arranged provements. While the installa- transversely on the frame in front tion of the long-distance
tele-
of the driver. It is a water-cooled phone network is proceeding apace, two-cylinder four-stroke it is suffice to mention that the petrol engine developing 12 brake cycle local telephone system is covering horse-power at 1.500 r.p.m. a total mileage of 7,200 Chinese cylinders are arranged in
The li; calling on more than 250 places. and the main, moving parts are a Vee, Long-distance service is
Dow pressure-lubricated, the cylinder available between Stan and "An- walls kong. In southern Shens!. hitting splash-lubricated. A vertical tubu- and gudgeon pins being Tsoshul and Chenan with a dis- tar radiator is provided and a belt- tarice of 400 kilometers (Central driven fan, the water-cooling sys- News Agency!."
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION.
In 1935
ended
should be paid.
and
tem being of the thermosyphon type. Power transmission from the engine is through a flexible coupling between the gearbox the engine, and by means spur gears and and roller chbin. The gearbox is oil-tight. The final drive is by a protected hardened-steel roller chain and totally-enclosed differential
by means
of forward
The twenty-first report, of of the last three years. In spite of Control is "Atmospheric Pollution," which was the increasing use of smokeless and reverse c'utches. move- issued by the Department of Scien- fuels. Perhaps the explanation is ment of the lever being made in Two cavalry brigades changed Monday. February 24, contains an
ific and Industrial Research. on the better state of trade. but it is the direction of travel required. their commanders last week. Caf. analysis of observations made dur- dition to which close attentior unlocked from the driver's seat, from every point of view a con. The differential can be locked or Charles W. M. Norrie, D.S.O., M.C.,ng the twelve months after nine months on half-pay since vacating command of the 10th March 31, 1935, by 78 co-operating Royal Hussars, took over the 1st bodies, most of whom were munt- Cavalry Brigade at Aldershot. The cipal authorities. The greater part initial period of mechanization will of this data was obtained from the,, come within his tenure in the mak-readings of the 98 deposit gauges, ing of two motorized regiments and which are maintained by the co- one of light tanks. He succeeds operating bodies, but in assessing the general state of atmospheric pollution, only the results from a group of 57 stations. the year's data from which can be compared with the general average of pollu- tion for the five-year period from 1627-32, were utllised. These
D.SO., M.C., A.D.C.
China squadron and as a centre · Brigadler, F. W. Bullock Marsham. for naval exercises in the China Sea
The other change was in the 5th Cavalry Brigade headquarters in York, where Colonel H. L. Jones, D.S.O., completed. four years and Air-Commodore
The Singapore public is well in- formed about the RAF activities, chiefly because
was succeeded by Colonel James J.
There is a screw-operated band brake and a quick-acting-pedal- AN INCREASE RECORDED operated Internai-expanding brake As regards detals, it is. interest- arranged on the transmission gear. ing to note that an increase in The gearbox gives two speeds in the deposits of both tar and sul- both directions, viz.. 1.5 mph, and phates were recorded in London at 3.35 m.p.h, but speeds up to 8. Archbishops Fark. Finsbury Park, m.ph. can be obtained by mani- Golden-lane and South Kensing pulation of the throttle. The ton; in Glasgow at Alexandra Park power developed is sufficient to and Rushi Park, as well as
at allow a
triple mowing machine- Newcastle and Castleton. The only 3 be towed, suitable provision stations which showed a consistent being made for attachment. Ad- reduction in all components of Justable scrapers on the rolls deposit were Southwark Park, form part of the normal equip-
Sydney Smith, who commands the Kingstone, D.S.O., M.C., who re-gures do not, therefore, represent London: Victoria Park, Glasgow: ment, and a sprayer tank, of 23
linquished command of the 9th AL average for the whole country. Queen's Royal Lancers on March 4,
but simply for the stations con- cerned, most of which are in the
RAF. in the Far East, has ev.dently thought it wise to secure public co-operation in the develop- ment of that side of the island's defences which, it is said, will soon challenge, in importance even the naval activities.
The Seletar air base has fre- quently been open to the public. who are now familiar with the
will take his brigade to Halt Whistle on June 13 for. annual training, and will have The Nor-,
thumberland Hussars, and 26th Armoured Car Company attached.
Industrial north.
Peel Park, Salford; Wakefield; and gations capacity, with sprayer pipes Rothamsted. The total solids de- to all the rolls, can be atted it posited were also high at Nether- required. field-road. Liverpool.
In each case the amount of total In "mitigation of this state of where the amount of the deposits; solids deposited was arrived at affairs. It is pointed out that the recorded at the same, station shows from the following items: Tar: fact that the deposits for a par- a consistent increase, it is clear other carbonaceous material, inclu- ticular town are higher than the that the only reasonable method ding soot and organic dust blown, average by no means necessarily of arriving up from the ground; and insoluble implies that proper steps are not criterion
at any comparative strategic responsibilities of the ples almost 2,000 acres, all of ash, including mineral dust carried being 'taken to deal with local pro- various districts, or of the degree of pollution between flying-boat reconnaissance squad-Blakang Mati, and part of Pulau by the wind from "road surfaces. blems of pollution, nor does the of pollution in a particular area ron and of the corpedo bombing Brant, and Pulau Tekong, three These items are grouped as insolu fact that the deposit gauge results is to make use of. such a number machines, which complete the 1s ands covering the main en ble in rain. The other items, which in one town are higher than in RAF. establishment. Two additrances to Singapore:
are grouped as soluble, include another necessary mean that the cnable the fullest possible account of recording instruments as will tional Service aerodromes re The increased Service population "soluble loss on ignition" and are atmosphere of the first town is to be taken of the conditions ob- being built on the island, and a which military development has represented by combustible organic more heavily polluted. It is, in tatning in each locality. civil aerodrome with accommoda-brought has created its own pro- material and volatile products, fact. quite as probable that the tion for flying-boats' is also near-blems. The Malayan peninsula is such as carbon dioxide, ammonium town in question is making a ing completion, so that within unsuited for troop movements, and salts and sulphuric acid.. the re- surious effort to arrive at the rea eighteen months Singapore island training has to be restricted, so mainder being expressed as soluble measure of local pollution by plak- which le no bigger than the Isle that the British soldier stationed ash. The figures for su'phates, ing its gauges in positions where of Wight, will have four modern here has a comparatively easy chlorine and ammonia, although the deposits recorded would be
time, and the problem is to keep included in the above, are At the moment the Army 18 him amused and out of mischief. shown separately. The distressing the very
also likely to be heavlest. In that case, Teacher: What do you think he numerically much stronger than The Union Jack Club is to be en- general result is that the figures this co-operative investigation by to-day?"
real assistance given to would be doing now if he were the RAF, and the Royal Navy to-larged and cinemas provided for from the point of view of clean the localty in question becomes a gether, and the War Ofce occu- the troops.
Pupil He would be pulling for Uness are more than the average, matter for congratulation. While old-age pensions."
aerodromes.
criticism can more safely be made Julius Caesar?"
Teacher: "Have you neard of
Pupli; "Yes, sir."
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