Page
EXPERIMENTAL WORKS
ON ROADS
Report Dealing With Footpaths
The question of the provision of footpaths is referred to in the report for the year 1934 of the Experimental Work on Highways which Committee, (Technical) has just been issued. Before deal- ing with the contents" of the re- port, its relationship to the re- port of the Road Research Board, published a few weeks ago, may be explained, as some confusion between the two reports is excus- able. The Road, Research Board was appointed i 1933 to advise generally on the conduct of rand research undertaken by the De- parment of Scientific and" In- dustrial Research, the duty of dir¿ ecting and supervising the work of the Harmondsworth expert- mental slation being transferred to the department from the Min- The Board detry of Transport.
the laboratory wok over also work of the technical advisory committee which had
years without requiring surface dressing. In this connection, it is stated that, although the sta- bility of bituminous surfacing ma- terials has continued to improve in recent years as the experience of those responsible for their de- sign has increased, many such materials undergo deformation, or develop
minor irregularities, which detract from the good rid- ing qualities of the road, and tend to shorten its useful life. During 1934, trial sections
of a.. number of materials suitable for forming a thin pon-skid carpet of a durable nature were laid down by highway authorities in Lu-operation with the committee on the Worcester-Tewkesbury Road, the
Oxford-Henley Road, and the Melrose-Galashiels Road
HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, JANUARY 4, 1936
ENGINEERING AND BUILDING
THE HUMAN
MACHINE
Work Shop Methods
Thomas
The twenty-second Hawksity lecture was delivered at" the Insitution of Mechanical En- gineers on Friday last, Novem-. ber, 29, by Professor A. V. HII, OBE." Dr. Hill is Professor o Physiology. University of London. and took as his subject "Musce and Nerves." In Introducing him,
the president, Co.onel Dav.dson, said that in recent years the intention had been to widen somewhat the range of subjects covered by this annual lecture. Professor Full, ir his Introductory remarks. spoke of
with his connection
Kennedy, Bertram Hopkinson and Str Horace Darwin, and referred to the connection of engineers with physiologists, not only in the de-
hitherto JUNKERS 'PLANE dgn of machines, but also nowa.
advised the Ministry on technical matters. The investigations un- dertaken in continuance of the earlier work are now dealt with in two sections. The purely labora- tory work is handled by the De. partment of Scientific and Indus- trial Research, while road tests under normal traffic conditions are under the care of the Expert-
j
IN SHANGHAI
SUCCESSFUL CONCLUSION
TO NINE-DAY FLIGHT
mental Works on Highways (Tech Chartered From The
nical) Committee. This commit- tee was appointed by the Mir ister of Transport, who thus con- tinues to be responsible for ex- perimental work under normal traffic conditions.
SURFACES INFERIOR Turning now to the portion of
Lufthansa LineTM
Shanghai, Dec. 30. Despite the bad weather condi- tions prevalling, the glant Junk- ess tri-motor D-AMAK landed at the Lunghua Aerodrome at 4.20
days in connection with
work-
shop methods, &c. Diving and working under pressure in cais- sons, wire cases in which physio- logical research and engineering Work had gone hand in hand.
at high temperatures and air conditioning. food preservation. and flying at high altitudes, were other developments in which en- was helpless," gineering alone
EARLY MARINE- ENGINEERING PRACTICE
The Committee In The: Year 1822
H
"FARADAY'S HELP SOUGHT
In a lecture on "Some Early Marine Engineering Experiences and Practice," delivered before Lloyd's Register Staff Association on November T, Engineer Captain a fruletul Edgar C. Smith said source of information was the re- ports of Government committees. One of the earliest of these com- steam with mittees concerned boats was called, the Holyhead Roads Committee. The object of this committee, which was ap- pointed in 1822 and was presided over by Sir Henry Farnell (after- wards Lord Congleton), was to in- quire into the Post Office Steam Packet Service. Among the en gineers who were examined by the committee were Joshua Field Timothy Bramah, Bryan Donkin. Mare Brunel, David Napler, Char- The main part of the lecture was
cs Wye Williams and Jacob Per- divided into two portions, the
kins. On two occasions Faraday frst of which dealt with muscle
was a witness, and this was pro- of an and the second with nerves and,bably the first Instance the transmission of messages. In
eminent chemist being called in the first part the lecturer dealt to give advice on marine engin- with the power which the human
eering, Faraday, besides giving develop body could
and the
information on the salts in sea water and the conditions which means of recovery in a manner
must be present for the various salts to be deposited, suggested that the engineer should be pro vided with a hydrometer with one, or at most two,"marks upon“ It. the one to indicate the density of the water when it began to de- posit common salt, and the other when it began to deposit sulphate of me. He also suggested the use of linie, potash or soda for neutralising the acidity of the "bolier water, and the provision of temperature tubes coals. Some of Perkins's evidence related to the use of the bolters of Oliver Evans in America. Evane's boi- lers were cylindrical, 18 ft. long and 30 in. in diameter. The wrought-iron plates were 5/16 in. thick. At each end of the cylin- der was a disc of cast from 4 in." thick, four times as strong as the wrought-iron part. "When the boller gives way," said Perkins, "which must necessarily be the case sooner or later, it will be at the weakest part. The rend, or opening, which takes place when the boller gives way to relieve it- self discharges no more · steam than is usual for the safety valve
the report dealing with footpaths, o'clock yesterday afternoon, only Which must have appealed to al
it is stated that there have been complaints LIE many instances that the surfaces of footpaths are so inferior to those of the ad- jacent carriageway that pedest- rians prefer the risk of accident on the road to the discomfort of walking on the footpath. This statement may cause some sur prise, which will be accentuated by the su:ceeding remark, to the effect that divisional road engin- cers have informed the committee that, in some cases, the cost of maintaining footpaths which are not subjected to much pedestrian traffic nas been very high, in some exceptional cases exceeding
engineers; the second part, de- voted to the control of the mus-
a few minutes later than her scheduled time, bringing to an and a successfu! nine-day flight cles by the nervous system, re- from Berlin, Germany. Her crew.
were met gand welcomed
by officials of the Eurasia Avia- tion Corporation, which company is taking over the huge mono- plane for use in China,
This is the fourth plane of this type-the Junkers 52/3m-to hav been chartered by the local aria- on corporation from the Lufth- alisa Alr Line within recent months, and it is expected that she will be put into service in few days, most probably on the Shanghal-Chengta run.
ferred to investigations made possible by recent advances in radio-engineering in connection with the electro-chemical waves transmitted.
NEW CONTRACTS
Messra. Har and and Wo'. Limited. North Woolwich E.16. have received £n order from Messer. C. and A. Etheredge. Limitted, London, for six open The D-AMAK left Berlin on swim barges, each 69 ft. 6 in. December 20 under the command long and to carry 105 tons.
an
even that of maintaining the car- riageway. In view of the relative loading and impact shocks to
of Captain Krueger. 52 years c Messrs. Ailsa Craig. Limited. which the footway and carriage-
age, and universally acknowledged Strand-on-the-Green, Chiswick, way are respectively subject, the
to be one of Germany's leading London, W.4, have received circumstances in which the cost
plots. Copiloting the plane was
order for a two-cylinder, 12-24 of maintaining the former exceeds.
Flight-Captain E. Tusche, we'
b.p. Diesel , engine for. direct that of maintaining the latter are
known post-war fiter, who was ac coupling to a 10-KW- generator difficult to visualise, and we can
companied by Mr. Hugo Krause for the steam yacht Schelvan. only imagine that the road engin-
an experienced mechanic who has Orders for 24-40 h.p. and 64-36 eers in question are comparing been his companion on
hp. marine Diesel engines have exceedingly badly-laid footpaths thousands of miles of night in come from India and for similar with well-laid carriageways, or The"fourth member of the crew, have in mind cases in which the Mr. W. Borell, Wireless operator engines from Jama ca and Egypt, footpath has been repeatedly to is one of the most experienced be taken up for pipe work, but if reen in the Lufthansa service in so, the comparison is hardly falz, this particular type of work, and The statement, as it stands, cer- for some years past has been fly tainly calls for qualification, but îng regularly on the night route no explanation is in fact given between Cologne and London.
Messrs. Merryweather and Sons, Litufted, Green-wich-road, Lon- don, 8.2.10, are to supply the fire and salvage equipment to be in- stalled on a twin-screw Diesel » electric tag and tender ordered from Messrs. Harland and Wolf, Limited, Belfast by the Belfast Commissioners. The Harbour
in the report of these apparently Captain Kreuger piloted the excessive maintenance costs forplane out over the same route as footpaths, it being simply stated that taken by Captain Harry Ro." that the committee have arranged ther when he brought a, smilar equipment includes a high-fe, type of ship, the D-ANYK, to three-stage, electrically-driven China in September, namely by centrifugal Are pump capable of 2,000 gallons per way of Athens, Baghdad, Karachi, delivering Rangoon, and Hano The Dinute, and a 5-in. dre "moni- ANYK made the trip in just un- tor". “ der eight days, but flying condi- tons were better then
ed
ཀ།
NON-SKID SURFACE
to emit." Such rends were eastly repaired with a patch of lead in-. side the boller secured by a Woo- den strut.
HM.S, Megaera and other vessels, but after a few years their use was abandoned.
TOO MUCH GREASE USED Some engineers thought them expensive and unnecessary, but the real practical objection to them was due to the great quant- ity of grease used in both engineṛ and bollers at that time. In a statement of the relative merits of jet condensing and surface condensing engines it was said:" "In Injection engines the all which is par into the cylinders, stubing boxes, sides, &c., in speedily car- ried away by the injection water into the sea"; while "in the pat-. ent engines, not a particle of the oll which is given to the internal parts of the engine, &c., is wast- ed away into the sea, or lost, but it is al carrted into the boilers, whereby they are protected from corrosion,, and an ample lubrica- tion of the engine is effected at scarcely any cost." Unfortunately, a great deal of the grease stayed in the condenser tubes and they quickly became clogged up. Hall deserved a better fate' than that which befell him, for when he died in Morgan-street. Tredegar- square, Bow, at the age of 82, he was in very reduced circumstan-
ces.
When the screw replaced the paddle, marine engineers, said Captain Smith, found themselves faced with four diflcult problems, among which, the most difficult was perhaps the design of the "stern-tube bearing. When' brass bearings were used, the wear was very rapid, and the safety of ships sometimes... jeopardised
waj
through the 'indow of water 85 the bearing wore away. It was John Penn who systematically set about finding a solution to the problem, and from his experi- mente came the introduction of the stern-tube bearing fitted with strips of lignum vitae. An account of his work is to be found in the Proceedings of the Institution "of" Mechanical Engineers for 1856
and 1858.
GLASGOW FOREMEN'S
DINNER
Speaking at the recent” annuai dinner of the Glasgow District EARLY FLUE BOILERS of the Foremen's Mutual Bene- After describing the construct Society, Mr. Alexander 8: Mac- tion of the early, due bollers and. Lellan, president of the North- the various types of paddle en-.
West Engineering Trades Em- gines, Captain Smith drew atten-
ployers Federation, said that any tion to the work of Samuel Hal (1781-1883, on the surface con- increase in the prosperity of our ́denser. The marine condenser as heavy industries which might be we have it to-day was essentially brought about by a larger naval
with the County Councils of Sur- rey, the Isle of Ely, and Stirling, and with the County Borough
the child of Hall. He it was who Council of Leeds, for experiments
first used the combination of a to be undertaken in order to com-
Lubular condenser with screwed pare a number of methods of foot
ferrules, a circulating pump, an path construction with due re-
air pump, and an evaporator for gard to cost and durability. It is
High Performans Pinas difficult to accept the implication
Mary wing," which, like an exag- make-up feed. The first ship fit that, these further experiments. The Junkers 52/3th is a high gerated aileron, banks air down tent with Hali's arrangement was Windermere, engined by are necessary; an examination of performance plane, equally suited in front of the low single wing to the exlating footpaths should really for both freight or passenger form a very enclent air brake, 1 Messrs. Fawcett Preston and Company. In the "Mechanics" responsible in the latter. accord all the information requir- work, and embodies among &
The sight of this type of plane Magazine" for September 12, 1836, large number of other safety fea- Lures A crash-proof cabin. of over Shanghal has now become a was a letter from George Peel, familiar sight to residenta, and, of the old firm of Feel, Willame excedingly robust construction, The report as a whole la mainly thanks largely to the fact that it with the possible exception of the and Feel, of Manchester, which a record of progress to the var is bullt entirely of metal, the Douglas, monoplane used by the ran: "I yesterday witnessed with satisfaction the perfor: ious lines of investigation under plane possesses a high degree of C.N.A.C. on the Shanghai-Peiping much
mance of a pair of steam engines, taken by the committee, the ex-reliability, owing to both its tri-run, it is the largest to be used in
China for civil aviation. It has a fitted up with your recent im periments begun during 1934 hay- motor design and to ite large re
wing span of 98 feet, an overall provements on board the Winder ing, in general, saken the form of serve of power.
total mere. The engines were working extending the scope of previous The cabin, which is pleasantly length of 62 feet, and a
well without anything like effort, work, or of repetitions under dif heated, contains twelve leather height of 18 feet... ferent conditions of climate and seats and a bench to accommo- "It has a ceiling of 21.325 feet, thirty revolutions per minute, and
one although the vacuum was impair trame. The only new field of in- date two more persons, with the and a service celling with vestigation added to the program- usual parachute incorperated in engine shut off and at 70 per ed in consequence of a defective me, other than that deallug with each seat. An average cruising cent. of its total cngine output, joint, yet the barometer attached footpaths already referred to, was peed or about 180 miles an hour of 8,900 feet. In addition, it can to the condenser indicated the that relating to thin surfacing is maintained in normal dights, be converted at will, and in a se of a column of mercury equal coats for carriageways The lat Eut despite this the Junker's land short space of time, from a land- to 281 in the ordinary barometer ter Investigation was carried out ing speed, fully loaded, is ony 62 plane to a sca-plane, and vice standing at the same time at 30.2 with a view to finding thin coats miles an hour, Aero-dynamical versa. The equrpment includes A. Hall's condensers were fit capable of affording a non-skid design is responsible in the form- both blindaying instruments and ted to the Wilberforce, India, surface for a period of about five er case, and the Junkers -"Aud- dió direction finder NCDN. Queen, Birius, British Queen,
men.
programme, by a much overdue increase in merchant work, o by the development programme of the railway companies, would Immediately show, how true was the shortage of skilled "Let us see to it he said, “that We are training micient you men to take their places in the akilled ranks, and, what is just as important let us try to absorb as many as possible of these young men who during the past few years of depression have not had': the opportunity of doing a goud. day's work."
There were also a great many skilled men Mr. MacLellan went on to say, who had been out of work for a long time and had become a bit rusty. It was quite conceivable, that when one ni those men was given a chance he was not 100 per cent emcient, and required time to return to his normal skill He suggested that the foremen should appre- clate that aspect of the prob em and give the workman Lime to settle down
THE TAIKOO DOCKYARD & ENGINEERING COMPANY OF HONGKONG, LIMITED
BUILDERS OF ALL CLASSES OF SHIPS.
BUILDERS OF RECIPROCATING STEAM ENGINES. BUILDERS OF MARINE AND LAND BOILERS. BUILDERS OF TURBINE MACHINERY
Under License From Messrs Parsons. BUILDERS OF DIESEL ENGINES
Under Special License.
From Messrs. Sulzer Bros., Winterthur. Licensed To Manufacture Lanz Perlit Iron, Specially Suitable
For Internal Combustion Engine Working Parts.
DOCK & SLIPWAYS.
FOR DOCKING" VERY LARGE, AS WELL AS SMALLER VESSELS,
ON ANY TIDE
ALL CLASSES OF SHIP, ENGINE, AND BOILER
REPAIRS AND EXTENSIVE
WELDING, BOTH ELECTRICAL AND OXY- ACETYLENE SKILFULLY AND PROMPTLY CARRIED OUT.
BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, Agents,
HONG KONG, CHINA & JAPAN.
TEL ADDRESS: "TAIXOODOCK," HONG KONG, Talaphone: 80211,
CALL FLAG: "NUMural Osz"ÜTER * PENTANT ÁN»,"
Femes Dector Serica,
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An
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