HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1935.
ITALIANS CONTINUE
CONTINUE ADVANCE
ON
ALL FRONTS
Jeuve
Reckless Bravery By Defenders
MESSAGE FROM
ITALY
BARON ALOISI SPEAKS
Clicquot
Clicquot
Normal Relations
ADOWA REPORTED
ΤΟ TO
With Britain
HAVE FALLEN
Frontier Posts Bombed
A message from Asmara in Eritrea last night gave the barc announcement that Adoia had fallen, but this was not mentioned In a Subsequent Rome message announcing the capture of Adigrat, A desperate baltic had been waged since Friday for the possession of Adowa and the defenders showed remarkable bravery in face of the land and air assaults.
Heavy fighting is proceeding in Ogaden where frontier posts have been bombed and further gains made by the Italians. An- other attack is being made from the southern, frontier of Italian Somaliland above the Kenya burder.
Probably owing to the censorship which has been imposed at the Ethiopian capital, very little war news has filtered through, and it also seems that the Italians in the north have reached diffealt country over which they will have to advance slowly and cautiously. The League Assembly has bern convened for Wednesday and the feeling is growing that once aggression has been established the application of sanctions will be undertaken.
Paris, Oct. 5. on that Mussolini will be able to A message from Addis Ababa announce that Adowa has been states that the main army under | captured, but they were doomed to Ras Seyoum has apparently net disappointment and quietly pro- yet reached the fighting line at ceeded homewards. Adowa, only one division resisting; the Italian advance there.
Heavy nghting proceeded all day yesterday round Adowa, when the Italians succeeded in crossing the River Mareb, The Abyssinians fought with reckless bravery, but suffered heavily owing to the superior Italian equipment." There was little quarter on either side.
The Italians have brought many tanks and armoured cars into
Beyond the .capture of Adigrat no important advance has been recorded in latest despatches from the front which state that the troops, having consolidated their position at Adigrat, advanced
slowly to Adowa.-
Reuter.
BOMBING IN OGADEN
Addis Ababa, Oct. 5. Italian planes are reported to action, especially on the. Ogaden have bombed the frontier posts at front.-
Korabe and Gerlagubi in Ogaden. Reuter
The radio stations were damaged. but there were" no casualties.
HEAVY LOSSES
Addis Ababa, Oct. 5. There was very severe hand-to- hand fighting all night long ri the Danakli country, especially near Asfab. Both sides suffered very heavy losses. It is unofficial- ly estimated that 1,300 Ethiopians end 700 Italians were killed.
Italian aeroplanes bombarded Dessie at eight o'clock this morn- Ing.
Six persons were injured by Italian bombing in the frontier post at Jamadia. Renter
GUERRILLA TACTICS
Rome, Oct. 5. Italian newspaper despatches concede that the Ethioplan guer- rilla tactics are holding up the Italians north of Adowa. The
It is ometally announced that Italians are recasting tactics by
the death roll caused by the bom-assembling tanks and aeroplanes ..bardment of Adowa was 63.
In the attack on Adowa in the rear by the Adowa-An road.
ETHIOPIAN CLAIMS
.
Notwithstanding heavy resistance The Ethiopians, claims to be a Malbarla, the Italians captured holding their own in the Berce the hills from which they are skirmishes on the northern front, bombarding Adowa ten miles away. Neither Adowa nor Adigrat has fallen.
Ras Seyoum reports that the .. casualties were very heavy north of Adigat. One Italian and three Eritrean officers were killed and three machine-guns captured.
The authorities decline to class the fighting as a pitched battle. but rather call it a clash between advaner guards- Reuter,"
DESPERATE COMBAT
Addis Ababa, Oct. 5.
A desperate combat, is proceeding
ic front of the Italian trenches
HOLD AT ALL COSTS
Fifty thousand Abyssinians have been ordered to hold Moussa All at all costs as the Emperor declared that the fall of it will lead to the severing of the Addis Ababa- Jibouti railway.
in
London, Oct. 5. According to the "Times," Signot Grandi, Itallan' Ambassador London. communicated to Sir Samuel Hoare, British Foreign Secretary, a cordial message from Signor Mussolini, making it clear that Italy's action in Ethiopia had in no way altered Signor Mussell- ni's determination, if possible In agreement with Britain. and France, to avold any step leading to the extension of the conflict.
He suggested the cancellation of all the precautionary measures in the Mediterranean with a view to replacing the present tension ov sincere co-operation.
Signor Mussolini had no inter- tlon of withdrawing from 'Geneva unless forced to do so, and held the door unclosed for friendly dis- cussion with the British and French Governments. He sald that negotiations intended to ca- tablish normal relations would e welcome in Rome.
An identical message was CHI-
veyed to. M. Laval in Paris.
COLD RECEPTION
AT GENEVA
Claims Justification For
Military Action
COMMITTEE'S REPORT CONTAIN
SEVERE REFLECTIONS
Geneva, October 5.
The Council room was packed and the atmosphere charged with tension when the Council met at 6 p.m. and received the report of the Committee of Thirteen which was not adopted this evening as the two disputants had only just received the
text.
The gravity of the situation was reflected on the faces of every member, Baron Alois! and M. Tecle Hawariate facing each other from opposite ends of a horseshoe table.
Baron Alois in a long speech declared that the operations of Italian troops as a result of the Ethiopian mobilisation was per- fectly legitimate within the compass of the covenant because it constitutes immediate and, necessary action against an set of provocation.
I
The Italian spokesman "quoted; and later an embargo on Italian from the Negus' statement issued supplies.
with the mobilisation order refer- ring to promises that Ethiopian warriors will be rewarded for their services by territories in Eritrea and Italian Somaliland.
The Italian Government appre- clates the efforts of the Council
It is learned that Sir Samuel Hoare, in reply to Signor Grandi, stated that there had been an un- fortunate and very grave misun-he said, but the League should derstanding of the British att realise from the start that the tude on the part of the Italian first thing to be considered was the Government, and the resort to unworthiness of Ethiopia to belong military action by the Italians to the.League. made increasingly difficult any progress towards a settlement.
It is understood that the aug- gestion of Signor Mussolini, "that there should be simultaneous and parallel "cancellations of the pre- cautionary measures
undertaken
ย
in the Mediterranean to meet danger which really did not exist, evoked no refolader on the part o: Sir Samuel Hoare.- Revter.
tl
SILVER MARKET
'
(From Our Own Correspondent)
London, October 5, London Silver prices to-day were up 1/16 as follow:-
Oct. 4
Oct. 5 Spot.....
29-9/16 29-5/8 Forward......... 29-11/16
29-3/4 London on "New York cross-rate at closing to-day was 14.8881 com- pared with 4.8950 at closing yes- terday.
It is stated that the bombing at Adigrat and Adowa caused little graphic bloodshed as the towns had been deserted by the inhabitants who had fled to the country. Reuter
MANY DEAD
Addis Ababa, Oct. 5. An official message at 1 pm
FRANCO-ITALIAN FRIENDSHIP
Tangraph,
Tar
M. Tecle Hawariate then spoke to Invoke Article XVI as merition- ed in the note to the Becretariat.
Dr. Benes announced the. con-
of vocation
the Council for Wednesday,
On the suggestion of Mr. An- thony Eden that the new Com- mittee of Six have a lot of ground to cover before Monday, it was decided that the Committee meet in the evening" and the Council adjourned at 6.50 p.m.--- Reuter.
CL
A definite plea to apply sactions is contained in the note to the Secretariat from Abyssinia invok- ing Paragraph 2 of Article XVI of the covenant.
The note "respectfully but firm- ly" declares that the Italian action
constitutes an act of war within the meaning of that article.- "Reuter
I
NEARER TO SANCTIONS
Geneva; Oct. 5. Things are moving slowly but surely and inexorably towards the application of Article XVI..of the covenant of the first time in League history. The Council must make no false step and its motto must hasten slowly.
Mr. Eden's desire that the Cam-
।
DODWELL & CO., LTD.
Tel. 20636.
Sole, Agents.
Queen's Building.
EMBARGO ON EXPORT
OF MUNITIONS
카
American Neutrality Act
Comes Into Force
Washington, October 6. President Roosevelt has issued a proclamation sanouncing the existence of state of war between Italy and 'Ethiopia, thereby automatically bringing into force the embargo on the export of munitions to both belligerents under the Neutrality Act.
The embarro is confined to actual munitions and does not extend to the raw materials list. It is identical to that for which export licences are requiged by the State Department, namely arms, ammunition, war vessels and all aeroplanes.
14
mittee of Six begin work in the both civil and military in addition of the Committee of Biz to be. The list now includes all äfrcraft There is no doubt that the report evening showed that the Council
and
submarines; aircraft.
was determined to brook no delay.te the items decreed in the Pre-presented to-morrow will be un- The Committee sat for one hour sident's recent proclamation, name- animous in finding that Italy has appolated the Portuguese y rifles; machine-guns; all classes violated Articles X... XII and XI. delegate és chairman, It will of ammunition; all types of war of the covenant. meet again to-morrow afternoon. vessels, including aircraft-carriers It is expected that the report Meanwhile the Secretariat
has and
as will be unanimously adopted by the been instructed to prepare dossiers sembled or dismantled, designed Council, after which it will be left. of all documents bearing on the for fighting, utilising guns or drop-to the Assembly to establish a ping of bombs; as well as aircraft Committee to decide what exne- engines, mustard gas and flame tlons can be applied
the circumstances.— throwers.
NEXT IMPORTANT STEP
COMMITTEES REPORT
Geneva, Oct. 5. On the frontiers of the British and French territories continuous to Abyssinia there have been raids case, and incidents affecting the interest or these Powers, but they have
This Committee will form the
Figures issued by the State De- | Router. settled been
diplomatic | basis for the next important step, by
that recently show methods.
namely determination
the partment of aggressor. It should be possible Ethiopia will not be affected, but for the Council to reach a decision Italy will lose a valuable source of aeroplane parts and engines. on Monday when the next step
Other munition exports to Italy will be the consideration of sanc-.
are not important. tlons possibly to be undertaken.
Italians who had been asked how Baron Alolal overcame the objec- tion to sitting at the table with the Abyssinian delegate replied that "since are now exchanging
This is one passage in the report of
the Committee of Thirteen which contains severe reflections on the Italian Government's con- duct in the dispute:
situation.
The report says that Britain and France have taken account of the conditions in Ethiopia and realised that in these incidents and raids no aggression had been sought or
the by
Central encouraged Government. Copyright,
None of the three powers con- Itecznyka Ordinancs. Java.tinuous to Abyssinia has ever laid any grievances before the Council cosived, Uctober. 6, 7-30 p.m.)
and if the Italian Government had Paris, October 8.
which laid their grievances before the A great demonstration was organised by the Action Fran- Council, the latter would certainly Saturday night when have endeavoured to remedy the caise on delegations from various
war veterans' associations belonging north of Adawa. Bay ets meet!
to political parties of the Right daggers, and neither s can gain says the Itailans qecupled Wageta participated, the purpose being to appreciably. The casualty list is and Enguela where there were protest against
any kind
of nomerons dead. The Italians expiratory measures being insti- Guerrilla warfare is reported arrived a few miles from Adigrat tuted against Italy, passed on round Gerlogubl. 50 miles north- which is still in our hands."--without incident. east of Goharl, which is reported | Reuter.
Several speakers from French and from Italian veterans' a330- ciations addressed the meeting Asmara, Oct. 8.
pleading for
01 continuation The fall of Adowa is reported.-Franco-Italian friendship." fleuter::
several S'multaneously Wing political associations held street proclamations in the centre of the city warmly advocating memorandum of September. 4, 1935; of Franco-Italian the Italian Government had op- preservation friendship.--
posed consideration of the question by the Council on the ground that the appropriate procedure was the 1928 treaty, but during the whole period the despatch of troops to East Africa proceeded.- Reuter,
heavy.
"
to
have been bombed by the Italians this morning.
News from the "Ogaden front, however, is very vague. Seven Italian planes have flown Hayafetchie, 70 miles in Addis Ababa.
over from
ADOWA FALLS
ROME COMMUNIQUE
Rome, Oct. 6.
ROME ADMISSION
A communique states that the Rome, Oct. 5. | Italian flag was holsted on the The first admission that the ruins of the old fort at Adigrat by Transocean Euo Min. invasion of Abyssinia also started the First Army Corps under com- from Italian Somaliland was con- mand of General Santini. The tained in this afternoon's com- population and clergy rendered munique stating that the Italians submission. occupied Dolo
near the Kenya The Second Army Corps reached border, and bombed Gorahat about the edge of the valley at Adowa 100 miles to the northwest well within. Abyssinia.
The newspaper "Tribuna" de- clares that the Abyssinian Govern- ment is establishing a censorship of wireless messages from Addis Ababa...
This paper also alleges that quantities of arms of British and Belgian manufacture are being im- ported through Zella for distribu- tion to the garrison at Harrar.- Router
CROWDS DISAPPOINTED
and resumed the advance this morning. Troops on the north- eastern sector after a short fight occupied Gerlogubl
It is noteworthy that the com- munique does not mention about the fall of Adowa- Reuter,
JAPANESE DENIAL
Tokyo, Oct. 6. The report that a
hundred Rome, Oct. A.Japanese officers are en-route to Adowa has not yet fallen. Huge Abyssinia 18 dented officially as crowds' assembled late last night | absurd.------ at Palazzo Venezia in the expecta- Reister,.
Right
EGYPTIAN COTTON IN DEMAND
E
we
bullets across the trenches we can exchange words across the Council table."in "`-
..
It being officially advised by the State Department that a state of war existed, President Roosevelt by
the proclamation.
we
"In these specific circumstances
I desire it to be understood that
AMERICAN SUBJECTS
الا..
The
IN ABYSSINIA
Addis Ababa, Mr..
Mr. Engert adds that the
any Americans and has B:$0. offered.. Americans facilities 10
Reuter.
Washington. Oct. 4. United States Charge: Wireless from the cruiser "Houston d'Affairs in directed Mr. Cordell Hull to issue ngert, has notified the State De-
partiment that he has insisted or ROOSEVELT'S STATEMENT
women and children attached to President Roosevelt simultaneous-missions departing immediately. ly made a statement as follows: COMMITTEE OF SIX
"Notwithstanding the hopë Geneva, Oct. S. In juridical language the Com- entertained that war will be avoid- Ethiopian officials have given as assurance that everything possible. mittee of Thirteen-
ec and the exertion of our in- recommend
will be done to protect Americans:// firstly that if violation of the fiuence in that direction, we are while the British Minister has: covenant has occurred it should now compelled to recognise the offered to provide gas masks for be rectified. Secondly, that the simple and indisputable fact that ORDER IN ETHIOPIA
Council reserve the right to take the Ethiopian and Italian armed Referring to the internal situa-
forces are in combat, thus creating any necessary measures. tion in Ethiopia, the report says This means
that negotiations state of war within the meaning erect tents in the compound et that the Governments which sup-under Article XV. are now only of the joint resolution (referring the British Legation.- ported Ethiopia's request for ad- possible if Italy ceases operations to the Neutrality Act). mission to the League in 1823 were and withdraws her troops from aware of the Internal situation at Abyssinia. that time. Far from there being With this view a sub-committee any of our people who voluntarily more disorder now, Ethiopia is bet-will
be established of Britain, engage in transactions of any ter organised and the Central Gov-France, Rumania, Portugal, Chile character with either belligerents
ernment is better obeyed.
and Denmark ta examine the do so at their own risk.". situation in the light of the com-
SİLPS AND CARGOES
Dublin, Oct. 5 munications from both parties.-| Reuter
The all-inclusive dental of pro Mr. de Valera in a broadcast tection to citizens engaging in address to the Free State on his transactions with belligerents goes attitude in the Italo-Ethiopian far beyond the wording of the Act conflic said that when the present though it accords with the resoluFree Btate Government assumed tions introduced by Senators Nye office they had decided to con- and Clark but not passed.
tinue
their membership of the It presumably means that the League and had accepted the United States would not officially obligations of the Covenant, but protect ships and cargoes bound they had no other obligations of for either belligerents, namely that any kind. she would not oppage. League or other blockade and apparently committed to active participation The Free State could not be would not insist on any neutral in any war without the consent of rights of commerce whatever.the Free State Parliament. Reuter.
The report also pointed out that In the interval between the Ethio- plan appeal to the Council on December 14, 1934, and the Italian
יו
ASSEMBLY ON WEDNESDAY
Geneva, Oct. 5. -- The path of the League' opera- tions is now becoming clear. The Assembly will be convened at 4 p.m. on Wednesday by which time the Committee will be able beyond doubt to name the aggressor.
Alexandria, Oct, 5. Exporters have received urgent demands for Egyptian cotton, ca- pecially in the past three days. These are apparently due to the fear of a possible blockade which will cut off supplies for essential war manufactures like motor.tyres, It, as expected, it is clear that Article XII. has been violated, British exporters are declining sanctions will automatically come
tents and uniforms,
ITALIANS LEAVÉ THE CAPITAL
Addis Ababa, Oct. 5. Seventeen Italian subjects, in cluding eight nuns,·· left Jibouti without any incident;:
The date of the departure of the staff of the Italian Legation is not known Reuter,
CLIPPER ON ANOTHER FLIGHT
Alameda, Cal, Oct. 6
DECISION WELCOMED
Genevs, Oct. 6,
IRELAND'S ATTITUDE IN
11
THE DISPUTE
The Free State consistently held that the obligations of the Coven--- ant should be enforced. That was The decision of the American their attitude in the Sino-Japan- Government is warmly welcomed ese conflict, and it was their “at- in British quarters as well as titude at present, League circles where it is felt that He added that before any State to ship cotton to Italy, since the into play. A Committee will fie The flying clipper left for an America has given an important would be willing to commit itself Italians refuse to pay in advance, | established immediately, to co-experimental fight to Guam via lead to the Council decision and further to the League it must be but Italian exporters are comply-ordinate the application of sanc- Bawaat, Midway Island and Wake is also regarded as an invitation: more clearly founded on the prin- ing with the demand. The tions which in the first case will be Island.
“Go ahead with sanctions; Ameri- ciples of justice. It would be At the request, of stamp collec- ca will not interfere.??
most difficult to effect the neces steamers Triestino and Ausonia economic and financial, including are leaving Alexandria carrying | rupture of diplomatic relations.tors, the Post Office has authorised. The general feeling is that it is sary changes, but it was a task TO 4,000 bales to Italy this after-
ARMB EMBARGO
the clipper to carry special letter no longer a question whether which all right-minded people"
noon.
sanctions will be taken, but what should devote themselves.
Router.
will be the nature of the sanctions. | Heuter.
The next step will be the raising mall on this fight. The charge is of the arms embargo on Abyssinia $1.25 each way-Reuter